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Neuronal differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for cerebral ischemia

Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第25期7卷 1992-1999页

作者： Guoping Tian Jin Zhou Jing'e Wang Bing Xu Li Li Feng Zhu Jian Han Jianping Li Siyang Zhang Xiaoguang Luo Department of Neurology Shenyang First People's Hospital Shenyang 110041 Liaoning Province China Liaoning Blood Center Shenyang 110044 Liaoning Province China College of Basic Medical Science China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China

OBJECTIVE： To review published data on the biological characteristics, differentiation and applications of adipose-derived stem cells in ischemic diseases. DATA RETRIEVAL： A computer-based online search of reports published from January 2005 to June 2012 related to the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia was performed in Web of Science using the key words ＂adipose-derived stem cells＂, ＂neural-like cells＂, ＂transplantation＂, ＂stroke＂, and ＂cerebral ischemia＂. SELECTION CRITERIA： The documents associated with the development of adipose-derived stem cells and their transplantation for treatment of cerebral ischemia were selected, and those published in the last 3-5 years or in authoritative journals were preferred in the same field. Totally 89 articles were obtained in the initial retrieval, of which 53 were chosen based on the inclusion criteria. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Biological characteristics and induced differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and cell transplantation for disease treatment as well as the underlying mechanism of clinical application. RESULTS： The advantages of adipose-derived stem cells include their ease of procurement, wide availability, rapid expansion, low tumorigenesis, low immunogenicity, and absence of ethical constraints. Preclinical experiments have demonstrated that transplanted adipose-derived stem cells can improve neurological functions, reduce small regions of cerebral infarction, promote angiogenesis, and express neuron-specific markers. The improvement of neurological functions was demonstrated in experiments using different methods and time courses of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation, but the mechanisms remain unclear. CONCLUSION： Further research into the treatment of ischemic disease by adipose-derived stem cell transplantation is needed to determine their mechanism of action.

关键词： adipose-derived stem cells adipose stem cells differentiation adipose tissue neural-like cells transplantation stroke cerebral ischemia cerebrovascular disease stem cell therapy

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Differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第34期7卷 2645-2652页

作者： Yan Zhou Maosheng Sun Hongjun Li Min Yan Tianhong Xie Molecular Biology Laboratory Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

LIM homeobox transcription factor la （Lmxla） has the capacity to initiate the development program of neuronal cells and promote the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. In this study, rhesus adipose stem cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying the Lmxla gene and co-cultured with embryonic rat neural stem cells. Cell differentiation was induced using sonic hedgehog and fibroblast growth factor-8. Immunofluorescence staining showed that cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase and ^-tubulin II1. Reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that rhesus adipose stem cells were not only positive for neuron-specific enolase and I^-tubulin III, but also positive for the dopaminergic neuron marker, tyrosine hydroxylase, neurofilament, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor a2 and nuclear receptor related factor 1. The number of Lmxla gene-infected cells expressing the dopaminergic neuron marker was substantially greater than the number of cells not infected with Lmxla gene. These results suggest that Lmxla-mediated regulation combined with the strategy of co-culture with neural stem cells can robustly promote the differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons.

关键词： rhesus adipose stem cells differentiation LIM homeobox transcription factor la dopaminergicneurons co-culture neural stem cells Parkinson＇s disease neurodegenerative disease neuralregeneration

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Obesity and weight loss could alter the properties of adipose stem cells?

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World Journal of stem cells 2015年第1期7卷 165-173页

作者： Leandra S Baptista Karina R Silva Radovan Borojevic Laboratorio de bioengenharia de tecidos Instituto Nacional de Metrologia Qualidade e Tecnologia (Inmetro) Duque de Caxias 25250-020 Brazil Nucleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Xerem (Numpex-Bio) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Campus de Xerem Rio de Janeiro 21941-590 Brazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Clinica Medica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) Rio de Janeiro 21941-590 Brazil

The discovery that adipose tissue represents an interesting source of multipotent stem cells has led to many studies exploring the clinical potential of these cells in cell-based therapies. Recent advances in understanding the secretory capacity of adipose tissue and the role of adipokines in the development of obesity and associated disorders have added a new dimension to the study of adipose tissue biology in normal and diseased states. Subcutaneous adipose tissue forms the interface between the clinical application of regenerative medicine and the establishment of the pathological condition of obesity. These two facets of adipose tissue should be understood as potentially related phenomena. Because of the functional characteristics of adipose stem cells, these cells represent a fundamental tool for understanding how these two facets are interconnected and could be important for therapeutic applications. In fact, adipose tissue stem cells have multiple functions in obesity related to adipogenic, angiogenic and secretory capacities. In addition, we have also previously described a predominance of larger blood vessels and an adipogenic memory in the subcutaneous adipose tissue after massive weight loss subsequent to bariatric surgery(ex-obese patients). Understanding the reversibility of the behavior of adipose stem cells in obeses and in weight loss is relevant to both physiological studies and the potential use of these cells in regenerative medicine.

关键词： adipose stem cells Subcutaneousadipose tissue Obesity Weight loss Regenerative medicine

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Signaling pathways of adipose stem cell-derived exosomes promoting muscle regeneration

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第21期135卷 2525-2534页

作者： Aoxuan Zhu Na Liu Yujia Shang Yonghuan Zhen Yang An Department of Plastic Surgery Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Natural Products Chemistry School of Traditional Chinese Materia MedicaKey Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and DiscoveryMinistry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110016China

Severe muscle injury is still a challenging clinical problem. Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells (ASC-exos) may be a potential therapeutic tool, but their mechanism is not completely clear. This review aims to elaborate the possible mechanism of ASC-exos in muscle regeneration from the perspective of signal pathways and provide guidance for further study. Literature cited in this review was acquired through PubMed using keywords or medical subject headings, including adipose stem cells, exosomes, muscle regeneration, myogenic differentiation, myogenesis, wingless/integrated (Wnt), mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, and their combinations. We obtained the related signal pathways from proteomics analysis of ASC-exos in the literature, and identified that ASC-exos make different contributions to multiple stages of skeletal muscle regeneration by those signal pathways.

关键词： adipose stem cells Exosomes Muscle regeneration Signaling pathways

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stem cell therapy in ocular pathologies in the past 20 years

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World Journal of stem cells 2021年第5期13卷 366-385页

作者： Giovanni Miotti Pier Camillo Parodi Marco Zeppieri Department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy

stem cell therapies are successfully used in various fields of medicine.This new approach of research is also expanding in ophthalmology.Huge investments,resources and important clinical trials have been performed in stem cell research and in potential therapies.In recent years,great strides have been made in genetic research,which permitted and enhanced the differentiation of stem cells.Moreover,the possibility of exploiting stem cells from other districts(such as adipose,dental pulp,bone marrow stem cells,etc.)for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases,renders this topic fascinating.Furthermore,great strides have been made in biomedical engineering,which have proposed new materials and threedimensional structures useful for cell therapy of the eye.The encouraging results obtained on clinical trials conducted on animals have given a significant boost in the creation of study protocols also in humans.Results are limited to date,but clinical trials continue to evolve.Our attention is centered on the literature reported over the past 20 years,considering animal(the most represented in literature)and human clinical trials,which are limiting.The aim of our review is to present a brief overview of the main types of treatments based on stem cells in the field of ophthalmic pathologies.

关键词： stem cells Multipotent mesenchymal cells adipose stem cells Novel therapies Eye pathology Cornea Cell therapies New materials

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Nanofat: A therapeutic paradigm in regenerative medicine

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World Journal of stem cells 2021年第11期13卷 1733-1746页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Sathish Muthu Shilpa Sharma Charan Ganta Rajni Ranjan Saurabh Kumar Jha Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics School of Medical Sciences and ResearchSharda UniversityGreater Noida 201306Uttar PradeshIndia Indian stem Cell Study Group Lucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalDindigul 624001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Pediatric Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029New DelhiIndia Department of stem cells and Regenerative Medicine Kansas State UniversityManhattanUnited States 10002United States

adipose tissue is a compact and well-organized tissue containing a heterogeneous cellular population of progenitor cells,including mesenchymal stromal cells.Due to its availability and accessibility,adipose tissue is considered a“stem cell depot.”adipose tissue products possess anti-inflammatory,anti-fibrotic,antiapoptotic,and immunomodulatory effects.Nanofat,being a compact bundle of stem cells with regenerative and tissue remodeling potential,has potential in translational and regenerative medicine.Considering the wide range of applicability of its reconstructive and regenerative potential,the applications of nanofat can be used in various disciplines.Nanofat behaves on the line of adipose tissuederived mesenchymal stromal cells.At the site of injury,these stromal cells initiate a site-specific reparative response comprised of remodeling of the extracellular matrix,enhanced and sustained angiogenesis,and immune system modulation.These properties of stromal cells provide a platform for the usage of regenerative medicine principles in curbing various diseases.Details about nanofat,including various preparation methods,characterization,delivery methods,evidence on practical applications,and ethical concerns are included in this review.However,appropriate guidelines and preparation protocols for its optimal use in a wide range of clinical applications have yet to be standardized.

关键词： adipose tissue Nanofat stem cells Regenerative medicine adipose stem cells

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Differential fat harvesting

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2014年第1期1卷 103-107页

作者： Sebastian Torres Farr Angelo Trivisonno Department of Cranio Maxillofacial and Aesthetic Surgery Clinica Santa Rita95124 CataniaItaly Department of Plastic Surgery Sapienza University00185 RomeItaly.

Aim:Volume replacement with fi llers is regularly performed with the use of diverse volumetric materials to correct different structures around the face,depending on the volume enhancement required and the thickness of the soft tissue envelope.Differential fat harvesting and posterior grafting is performed to place the correct fat parcel size for each target area,expanding the potential applications of fat.Methods:Sixty patients consecutively recruited on a fi rst come basis undergone a facial fat grafting procedure,in private practice setting between March 2012 and October 2013.Fat grafting quantity and quality was predicted for each case.Differential harvesting was performed,with 2 fat parcels size.Processing was performed through washing.Fat infi ltration was carried out through small cannulas or needles depending on the treated area.Outcomes were analysed both by the physicians and the patients at 7 days,1 month,3 months and 6 months through a perceived satisfaction questionnaire.Parameters considered were downtime or discomfort,skin benefi ts,volume restoration,reabsorption rate estimated and overall improvement.Results:Full facial differential fat grafting procedure lasted an average of 1.5-2.5 h.Average downtime was 3-4 days.Follow-up was performed to a minimum of 6 months.Both patient and physician overall satisfaction rates were mostly excellent.Adverse events like lumps or irregularities were not encountered.Conclusion:Differential fat harvesting and posterior grafting is a valid alternative,to expand the repertoire of fat use,allow a more homogeneous effect,reduce the potential complications,speed up the process,improve graft survival,and to enhance overall aesthetic outcome.

关键词： adipose stem cells differential harvesting/grafting facial fat grafting mesofat sharp needle intradermic fat graftingAccess

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