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Vulnerability and adaptation of an oasis social–ecological system affected by glacier change in an arid region of northwestern China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 29-40页

作者： JianPing Yang Man Li ChunPing Tan HongJu Chen Qin Ji State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography Sciences Shanxi Normal University Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction Sichuan University Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Hexi Inland River Basin in an arid region of northwestern China was chosen as the study area for this research. The authors define the vulnerability of an oasis social-ecological system to glacier change; select 16 indicators from natural and socioeconomic systems according to exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity; and construct a vulnerability-assessment indicator system aimed at an inland river basin in the arid region of Northwestern China. Vulnerability of the oasis socialecological system affected by glacier change in the study area is evaluated by Spatial Principal Component Analysis(SPCA) under the circumstance of glacier change. The key factors affecting the vulnerability are analyzed. The vulnerability of the oasis social-ecological system in the Hexi Inland River Basin affected by glacier change is of more than medium grade, accounting for about 48.0% of the total number of counties in the study area. In terms of the spatial pattern of the vulnerability, the oasis economic belt is the most vulnerable. With the rapid development of the area's society and economy, the exposure of the system to glacial changes is significantly increased; and an increase in glacial meltwater is not enough to overcome the impact of increased exposure, which is the main reason for the high vulnerability. Based on the result of the vulnerability analysis and combined with the present industrial structure in the Hexi Inland River Basin, near-,medium-, and long-term adaptation initiatives are put forward in the article.

关键词： oasis social-ecological system Hexi Inland river basins glacier change vulnerability adaptation

Physiological significance of oxidative stress and its role in adaptation of the human body to deleterious factors

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Frontiers in Biology 2018年第1期13卷 19-27页

作者： Vadim V. Davydov Alexander V. Shestopalov Evgenya R. Grabovetskaya Chair of biochemistry and molecular biology Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow 117997 Russia Chair of biochemistry V.N. Karazin Kharkov National University Ukraine Kharkov 61077 Ukraine

BACKGROUND： Oxidative stress is an extremely widespread condition manifested in an increased rate of free-radical processes and accumulation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the tissues. It appears in different physiologic states and pathological processes accompanied by stimulation of the sympathetic adrenal system or tissue hypoxia or under stress. However, until now, there is still no clarity on the issue of the significance of oxidative stress in the development of adaptation processes in the organism. OBJECTIVE： In the present work we will review the most recent finding about physiologic role of oxidative stress and its participation in adaptation of an organism to effect of different adverse factors. METHODS： A systematic literature search was performed using the Pubmed search engine. Studies published over past 18 years, i.e. between 1998 and 2015 were considered for review. Followed keywords were used：＂oxidative stress,＂＂free radical oxidation,＂＂ROS,＂＂endogenous aldehydes,＂＂adaptation.＂ RESULTS： The article cites arguments supporting the notion that oxidative stress serves as a nonspecific link in the adaptation of the human body to the effects of injurious factors. Oxidative stress exerts regulatory effects by changing the redox state of the cell. Oxidative stress affects on various intracellular proteins containing cysteine residues, e.g., enzymes, chaperones, and transcription factors, etc. For this reason, the use of antioxidants for the treatment and prophylaxis of a wide range of diseases is not recommended. CONCLUSION： Further investigation is needed in this field. The most attention should be paid to careful experimental verification aimed at quantitative assessment of the ROS level in tissues under oxidative stress, as well as at the study of possibility of enhancing the catabolism of free radical oxidation carbonyl products in order to prevent tissue damage under oxidative stress.

关键词： oxidative stress free radical oxidation ROS adaptation endogenous aldehydes

Complete genome analysis of bacteriochlorophyll acontaining Roseicitreum antarcticum ZS2-28^(T)reveals its adaptation to Antarctic intertidal environment

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Advances in Polar Science 2021年第1期32卷 20-27页

作者： ZENG Yinxin YU Yong LI Huirong LUO Wei DING Haitao MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria(AAPB)are photoheterotrophic prokaryotes able to use both light and dissolved organic matter as energy *** antarcticum ZS2-28^(T)was isolated from intertidal sediment in the Larsemann Hills,Princess Elizabeth Land,Antarctica,and was able to produce bacteriochlorophyll *** is the type strain of the sole species within the genus *** complete genome sequence of the bacterium was determined using Illumina HiSeq X and PacBio RSII *** genome of *** ZS2-28^(T)was 4253095 bp and consisted of one chromosome and four plasmids.A number of genes related to the bacteriochlorophyll a production,photosynthetic reaction,cold adaptation,salt adaptation,ultra-violet resistance and DNA damage repairing were found in the *** addition to genomic islands and typeⅣsecretion systems,genes related to gene transfer agents were detected in the genome of *** ZS2-28^(T),suggesting that this bacterium can adapt to its environment by acquiring exogenous nucleic *** annotated complete genome sequence provides genetic insights into the environmental adaptation and ecological function of *** ZS2-28^(T)in Antarctic coastal area.

关键词： Roseicitreum complete genome adaptation gene transfer strain intertidal sediment Antarctic

Testing a participatory integrated assessment(PIA) approach to select climate change adaptation actions to enhance wetland sustainability: The case of Poyang Lake region in China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2015年第2期6卷 141-150页

作者： HUANG Li YIN Yongyuan DU De-Bin School of Urban and Regional Science East China Normal University

The necessity of mainstreaming climate adaptation strategies or policies into natural resource management plans has been recognized by the *** IPCC AR5 report suggests a growing demand for research to provide information for a deeper and more useful understanding of climate adaptation options,and indicates a lack of effective methods to meet this increasing demand of *** this respect,a participatory integrated assessment(PIA) approach is presented in this paper to provide an effective means to mainstream wetland climate change adaptation in rural sustainable development strategies,and thus to reduce climate vulnerability and to enhance rural community *** PIA approach includes a series of research activities required to assess climate impacts on wetland ecosystems,and to prioritize adaptation responses.A range of adaptation options that address key aspects of the wetland ecosystem resilience and concerns are evaluated against community based on sustainable development *** PIA approach is able to identify desirable adaptation options which can then be implemented to improve wetland ecosystem health and to enhance regional sustainable development in a changing *** illustration purpose,the PIA was applied in a case study in Poyang Lake(PYL) region,a critical wetland and water ecosystem in central China with important international biodiversity linkages,and a locale for key policy experiments with ecosystem *** PIA was used to facilitate the integration of wetland climate change adaptation in rural sustainable development actions with multi-stakeholders *** particular,the case shows how the PIA can be designed and implemented to select effective and practical climate change adaptation options to enhance ecosystem services management and to reduce resource use conflicts and rural *** in partnership with multi-stakeholders and assisted with a multi-criteria decision making tool,the cas

关键词： Climate adaptation Wetland ecosystem Participatory

VULNERABILITY AND adaptation OF CHINESE AGRICULTURE TO GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

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Chinese Geographical Science 1997年第4期7卷 289-301页

作者：蔡运龙 Department of Geography Peking University Beijing P. R. China

Global climate change is now widely recognized, although some uncertainties remain. Being sensitive to climatic conditions, agriculture will be influenced by climatic changes. The major effects can be generalized as changes in the geographical limits to agriculture, changes in crop yields and impacts on agricultural systems. Chinese agriculture is particularly sensitive to climatic change and variability. Given prospects for huge population increase and the already intense utilization of resources, there is a serious threat to China’s abilily to feed itself. Thus, adaptation and adjustment to climatic change are urgently in need of attention. Climate is inherently variable and uncertain. so researchers should recognize this reality of climate in assessing implication for agriculture. A variety of approaches are suggested to reduce food production’s when appraising the effect of climate change on vulnerability to climate.

关键词： climate change climatic effect on agriculture agricultural vulnerability agricultural adaptation China

ENHANCEMENT OF BRAIN AND SPLEEN LYMPHOCYTE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ACTIVITIES DURING COLD adaptation IN RATS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1991年第9期36卷 752-757页

作者：徐扬杨泽田苏成芝 Molecular Biological Laboratory The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710032 PRC

In cold surroundings, in both plants and animals (the class of fish, amphibian, mammal, etc.) tissue cells may appear many special anti-freeze proteins or cold adaptation-associated proteins for existence and development and regulate relevant gene expression at transcription and translation levels. With respect to mammals, the regulation and integration

关键词： rats during cold adaptation brain lymphocyte cell-free endogenous protein synthesis system SDSPAGE autoradiograph.

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PHOTORECEPTOR OF BUSH CRICKET COMPOUND EYES AS A FUNCTION OF TIME AND adaptation STATE

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1990年第15期35卷 1319-1320页

作者：吴卫国吴梅英 E.J.WARRANT 徐智敏石淑珍王翔高奔张少吾 Institute of Biophysics Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 PRC The Centre for Visual Sciences Australian National University P. O Box.475 Canberra A. C. T. 2601 Australia.

Retinula cell responses were recorded from the compound eyes of the bush cricket with the intracellular electrode recording method at different adaptation states(light-and darkadapted states)during a 24-h period(day and night times). We investigated the angular, spectral, polarizable and absolute sensitivities as well as the time course of the adaptation changes of the retinula cell in the side region of the compound eyes of the bush cricket, on which no report has been seen.

关键词： night adaptation absolute recording intracellular angular 了公 ultraviolet sudden twisted

Effects of adaptation to handling on the circadian rhythmicity of blood solutes in Mongolian gerbils

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第2期2卷 127-131页

作者： Xingchen Liu Xiang Zheng Yihan Liu Xiaoyan Du Zhenwen Chen School of Basic Medical Science Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Laboratory Animal Capital Medical University Beijing China

The Mongolian gerbil has been widely used in many research fields and has been reported to be a diurnal laboratory animal. The circadian rhythmicity of these gerbils was investigated in the present study by measuring two hormones that show daily oscillations, cortisol and ACTH, in serum using ELISA kits. The levels of the two hormones were highest at 8:00 am and their rhythmic changes were similar to those in humans. In addition, the influence of stress of handling and blood collection on the physiological parameters of the gerbils was examined. After adaptation to handling for 1 week, some serum parameters in the animals changed. Handling and blood collection did not impact significantly on the following parameters: creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and albumin (ALB). However, blood glucose (GLU), total protein (TP) and globulin (GLB) significantly increased while creatinine (CRE) and albumin/globulin (A/G) significantly decreased after adaptation. This work further confirms that the Mongolian gerbil is a diurnal animal and also indicates that a suitable adaptation procedure is necessary for getting reliable results when performing experiments using these animals.

关键词： circadian rhythmicity diurnal animals handling adaptation Mongolian gerbils physiological parameters stress

Climate capacity:the measurement for adaptation to climate change

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2015年第2期13卷 99-108页

作者： Jiahua Pan Yan Zheng Jianwu Wang Xinlu Xie Institute for Urban and Environmental Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Research Center for Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Legal Centre for Land and Mineral Resources The Ministry of Land and Resources

This article proposed the concept of"climate capacity"as a way of measuring human's adaptiveness to climate *** article also focused on the related concepts like ecological carrying capacity,water resources carrying capacity,land carrying capacity as well as population carrying *** concept of climate capacity was articulated against a background of global climate and environmental ***,China's efforts to adapt to climate change was a matter of improving climate capacity,which is the ecosystem as well as the frequency,the intensity and the scale of human's social activities that the climatic resources of a particular geographic area were supposed to *** climate capacity has two *** is the natural climate capacity,which includes temperature,sunlight,precipitation,extreme climatic events,*** other is the derived climate capacity,which includes water resources,land resources,ecological systems,climatic risks,*** climate capacity can be developed or be transferred between regions by taking engineering,technology or regime-based adaptive ***,these adaptive measures must be implemented under the principle of economic rationalism,ecological integrity,climate protection,and social *** is expected that by combining the climate capacity and its threshold value with the assessment of climate change risks,we are able to predict the optimal population carrying capacity and the scale of socioeconomic development,and furthermore,provide policy support for the socioeconomic development strategy and adaptive *** the regions with high climate capacity,there is a symbiotic relationship between adaptation and socioeconomic ***,in the regions with limited climate capacity,irrational development may further damage the *** the Yangtze River delta,a region with high climate capacity,and a region of Ningxia,a region with limited climate capacity,as illustrative examples,the author

关键词： climate change climate capacity adaptation development climate change economics