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AB061. Changes in eye movement strategies during a discrimination task in the presence of artificial central scotomas

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 467-467页

作者： Paul Lene Trang Tran Anne-Sophie Laurin Romain Fournet Frédéric Gosselin Aarlenne Z.Khan École d’optométrie Universitéde MontréalMontréalQCCanada Département de Psychologie Universitéde MontréalMontréalQCCanada

Background:The goal of the present research was to study whether the presence of an artificial central scotoma resulted in changes in eye movement strategies over the course of multiple days of *** wished to determine how central vision loss,similar to age macular degeneration(AMD),affects eye movements,specifically the foveal-target *** also wished to determine if an invisible compared to a visible scotoma led to delayed or different strategies,given that AMD patients are mostly unaware of their condition as they are unconscious of the presence of their central ***:Eleven healthy participants(6 females,M=22.18,SD=1.94)were asked to perform a discrimination task,where they responded whether the orientation of an eccentric target(Gabor,10 deg to the left of fixation)was clockwise or *** target was surrounded by four distractor Gabors,thus making discrimination more difficult using peripheral *** target’s orientation varied 10°clockwise to 10°counter-clockwise in 1°*** participant performed four blocks of 75 trials each per day over 10 days,the first day being a baseline as the participant were tested without any *** measured discrimination performance and precision(position of the eye in X and Y).Results:Results showed similar patterns of discrimination reaction time and accuracy as well as changes to eye position for both the visible and the invisible scotoma *** time significantly decreased on the last day of training compared to the first(first day M=2,965 ms,last day M=1,567 ms,P<0.05),while accuracy increased though not significantly so(first day=87.4%,last day=93.15%).There was no change in the final horizontal(X)position of first saccade relative to the target(first=−0.4°,last=−0.13°)but there was a significant upward shift(first=0.08°***=0.58°,P<0.05);participants shifted their eye position on the Y axis so that they were looking at a point slightly above the tar

关键词： adaptation scotoma vision eye age macular degeneration(AMD) significant results

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AB068. Texture density aftereffect can be bidirectional

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 474-474页

作者： Hua-Chun Sun Frederick A.A.Kingdom Curtis L.Baker McGill Vision Research McGill UniversityMontréalQCCanada

Background:It has been suggested that adaptation to texture density only ever reduces,i.e.,never increases,perceived density,implying that density adaptation is‘uni-directional’and that texture density is coded as a scalar attribute(Durgin&Huk,1997).However,we have recently shown that simultaneous density contrast,which describes the effect of a surround texture on the perceived density of a centre region,is‘bi-directional’-that is,not only do denser surrounds reduce perceived density of the center but sparser surrounds enhance it(Sun,Baker,&Kingdom,2016).Therefore,we decided to re-examine the directionality of density ***:We measured the density aftereffect in random dot patterns using a 2AFC matching procedure that established a point-of-subjective-equality(PSE)between an adapted test patch and an unadapted match *** adaptors and test were presented at the same position,either at top left or bottom right of the *** match was presented at bottom left or top right *** positions were fixed within a block and switched between ***,using sequential presentation,we measured the density aftereffect for a wide range of adaptor and test ***:In the first experiment,we observed a unidirectional density aftereffect when test and match were presented simultaneously as in previous ***,when they were presented sequentially,bidirectionality was *** bidirectional aftereffect remained when the presentation order of test and match was reversed(second experiment).In the third experiment,we used sequential presentation to measure the density aftereffect for a wide range of adaptor densities(0-73 dots/deg2)and test densities(1.6,6.4,and 25.6 dots/deg2).We found bidirectionality for all combinations of adaptor and test densities,consistent with our previous SDC ***:In three experiments,we found that density adaptation is bidirectional when the test and match stimuli are presented s

关键词： adaptation aftereffect texture texture density

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Adapting chronic care models for diabetes care delivery in low-and-middle-income countries:A review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第4期6卷 566-575页

作者： Grace Marie V Ku Guy Kegels Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical Medicine

A contextual review of models for chronic care was done to develop a context-adapted chronic care model-based service delivery model for chronic conditions including *** Philippines was used as the setting of a low-to-middle-income country.A context-based narrative review of existing models for chronic care was conducted.A situational analysis was done at thegrassroots level,involving the leaders and members of the community,the patients,the local health system and the healthcare providers.A second analysis making use of certain organizational theories was done to explore on improving feasibility and acceptability of organizing care for chronic *** analyses indicated that care for chronic conditions may be introduced,considering the needs of people with diabetes in particular and the community in general as recipients of care,and the issues and factors that may affect the healthcare workers and the health system as providers of this *** context-adapted chronic care model-based service delivery model was constructed *** features are:incorporation of chronic care in the health system's services; assimilation of chronic care delivery with the other responsibilities of the healthcare workers but with redistribution of certain tasks; and ensuring that the recipients of care experience the whole spectrum of basic chronic care that includes education and promotion in the general population,risk identification,screening,counseling including self-care development,and clinical management of the chronic condition and any co-morbidities,regardless of level of control of the *** way,low-to-middle income countries can introduce and improve care for chronic conditions without entailing much additional demand on their limited resources.

关键词： Chronic care models Context adaptation Diabetes mellitus type 2 Low-to-middle income countries Service delivery model

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WAR HORSE Celebrated Play Gets Chinese Makeover

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城市漫步（上海版、英文） 2015年第11期 54-54页

作者： ZOEY ZHA 不详

Since its 2007卩remiere at Londons National Theatre,War Horse has become one of the worlds most celebrated *** have picked up Laurence Olivier Awards,swept the 2011 Tony Awards and inspired a hit 2011 film helmed by the legendary Steven *** a Mandarin adaptation will be staged in Shanghai for the first time,taking over Shanghai Culture Square from November 15 to January 17.

关键词： celebrated adaptation London

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Biodiverse,Productive,and Socially Just Silvopastures:a Solution for the Brazilian Drylands

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Journal of Botanical Research 2020年第3期2卷 29-40页

作者： Felipe Machado Pinheiro Patrick Hunt University of Florida(UF)School of Natural Resources and Environment and Tropical Conservation&Development Program PhD candidate Intedisciplinary EcologyGainesvilleFL32611US UF Latin American Stuides Tropical Conservation&Development ProgramMA studentGainesvilleFL32611US

Drylands constitute more than 40%of global land and are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate *** many of these drylands,livestock activities are a major form of *** Brazil,the two major dryland biomes,Cerrado and Caatinga,play a key role in the country’s livestock *** important economically,these activities also contribute to the emission of high amounts of greenhouse *** suggested strategy for mitigating the impacts of climate change is the adoption of silvopastoral systems(SPS)which combine trees,pasture,and animals simultaneously on the same unit of *** in the drylands of Brazil have a long history of practicing *** practice of silvopasture is relevant to both climate change and the economy,but not necessarily to the issues of biodiversity loss and economic *** lack of interdisciplinarity in rural agricultural development projects in the past,such as those related to the“Green Revolution”,resulted in the aggravation of economic inequalities and biodiversity *** present work,focusing on the Brazilian Drylands,reviews these issues to justify the need for interdisciplinary projects considering multiple variables like soil quality,tree density,biodiversity richness,and farmers’perception.

关键词： Agroecology Livestock Agroforestry Climate Change Mitigation adaptation Dessertification Arid regions

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VENUS IN FUR‘Hot Mess’Amy Kersten makes Shanghai debut

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城市漫步（上海版、英文） 2015年第3期 53-53页

作者： ANDREW CHIN BILL WADMAN 不详

In David Ives'Tony Award-winning Venus in Fur,the lines of reality are blurred as a playwright auditions an unlikely actress for his adaptation of the 1870s novel that inspired the term masochism.

关键词： wright VENUS adaptation

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Substrate specificity of avian influenza H5N1 neuraminidase

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World Journal of Virology 2014年第4期3卷 30-36页

作者： Naruthai Onsirisakul Shin-ichi Nakakita Chompunuch Boonarkart Alita Kongchanagul Ornpreya Suptawiwat Pilaipan Puthavathana Krisada Chaichuen Kanokwan Kittiniyom Yasuo Suzuki Prasert Auewarakul Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology Faculty of Medical TechnologyMahidol UniversityBangkok 73170Thailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniveristyBangkok 10700Thailand Division of Functional Glycomics Life Sciences Research CenterKagawa UniversityTakamatsu 761-0793Japan Institute of Molecular Biosciences Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand Faculty of Veterinary Science Mahidol UniversityNakorn Pathom 73170Thailand College of Life and Health Sciences Chubu UniversityKasugai 487-8501Japan

AIM: To characterise neuraminidase(NA) substrate specificity of avian influenza H5N1 strains from humans and birds comparing to seasonal influenza ***: Avian influenza H5N1 strains from humans and birds were recruited for characterising their NA substrate specificity by using a modified commercial fluorescence Amplex Red assay. This method can identify the preference of α2,6-linked sialic acid or α2,3-linked sialic acid. Moreover, to avoid the bias of input virus, reverse genetic virus using NA gene from human isolated H5N1 were generated and used to compare with the seasonal influenza virus. Lastly, the substrate specificity profile was further confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis of the enzymatic product. RESULTS: The H5N1 NA showed higher activity on α2,3-linked sialic acid than α2,6-linked(P adaptation to humans.

关键词： H5N1 avian influenza virus Neuraminidase Sialic acid adaptation Substrate preference

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PRIDE ND PREJUDICE

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城市漫步（上海版、英文） 2017年第10期 36-36页

作者： Erica Martin 不详

As a follow-up to their acclaimed theatrical adaptations of novels like The Jungle Book and Wuthering Heights,the UK's Chapterhouse Theatre Company reaches next for one of the most beloved works of British literature,... 详细信息

关键词： claimed adaptation reaches

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On the Definition of Life

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2019年第9期9卷 497-511页

作者： LI Jianhui Beijing Normal University BeijingChina Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College GuangdongChina

The definition of life is a very important issue in the philosophy of biology,but this issue has unfortunately been neglected by the mainstream philosopher of biology for many *** this paper,the difficulties with and the reasons for defining life are illustrated,the characteristics of life on Earth are explored,ways of defining life are examined,the main definitions of life are explained and evaluated,and finally,a new information definition of life is proposed.

关键词： definition of life entity definition functional definition metabolism definition autopoiesis definition supple adaptation definition information definition

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CONTROL AND MECHANICS OF THE CORONARY CIRCULATION

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 1993年第2期2卷 85-85页

作者： Jos A.E.Spaan University of Amsterdam AMCLaboratory Medical Physics Meibergdreef 151105 AZ AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Myocardial perfusion is well controlled by adjustment of vaso motor tone of re-sistance *** static and same dynamic aspects of coronary flow control canwell be described by assuming feedback from tissue oxygen pressure to the *** resistance vessels are small arteries from 400/m and less in arteriolesdown to 10/*** is not clear yet how vessels of different size can be under the con-trol of tissue factors and how adaptation of tone in larger vessels is tuned to that ofsmaller ones.

关键词： perfusion arteries adjustment tuned adaptation metabolism luminal smallest dilation likely

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