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Physiological responses and algae inhibition of Pontederia cordata to simulated eutrophication and acid rain co-pollution

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 764-777页

作者： Yan Li Xi Qi Jianpan Xin Chu Zhao Runan Tian College of Landscape Architecture Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina

Background Eutrophication and acid rain are two threats that many water bodies must contend *** and climate change have accelerated widespread outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms as both have become more *** cordata,a garden ornamental plant,can inhibit some algae growth and remove total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)from the *** this study,we investigated how simulated acid rain and eutrophication co-pollution affected ***’s growth physiology and ability to inhibit algae *** Under mild eutrophication(2 mg·L^(−1)TN,0.4 mg·L^(−1)TP,and 15 mg·L^(−1)CODMn)or weak acid rain(pH=5.0),*** alleviated the degree of cell membrane lipid peroxidation by stabilizing superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities in the leaves,allowing for normal plant *** mild eutrophication and acid rain conditions,cultured *** water samples maintained strong algae inhibition by reducing the Chl a content and SOD activity of Microcystis aeruginosa *** stress where acid rain was the primary inhibitory factor along with moderate or severe eutrophication inhibited *** growth,which probably reduced the input of algae-inhibiting allelochemicals,thus reducing its ability to inhibit *** In summary,*** has application potential in mild eutrophic water and acid rain(pH≥4).These findings provide guidance for further research on phytoremediation and algae control in scenarios of compound pollution.

关键词： Pontederia cordata Microcystis aeruginosa Eutrophication acid rain pH Physiological response

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Variation characteristics of acid rain in Zhuzhou,Central China over the period 2011-2020

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 496-505页

作者： Jiahao Ren Liquan Zhu Xi Zhang Yuqian Luo Xuecai Zhong Bowen Li Yuwen Wang Kai Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Zhuzhou Environment Monitoring Center Zhuzhou 412000China Faculty of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu1–1 HibikinoWakamatsuKitakyushuFukuoka 808-0135Japan College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Zhuzhou was one of the most polluted cities in China with the serious acid *** to the implementation of air pollution control measures from 2016 to 2018,the acid rain pollution in this city has *** order to understand the recent situation,a comprehensive study on the acid rain was carried out from January 2011 to December *** pH values during the study period varied from 3.3 to 7.5,with a volume-weighted mean value of *** predominant acidic components of the precipitation were SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)^(-),accounting for 89.3% of the total *** ratio of non-sea-salt SO_(4)^(2-)to NO_(3)^(-)showed a decreasing trend,revealing that the pollution type of acid rain changed from sulfuric acid type to sulfuric acid and nitric acid compound *** correlation analysis(p<0.05)showed that SO_(4)^(2-)was positively correlated with NH_(4)^(+),Ca^(2+),and Mg^(2+);hence,it predominated in precipitation as(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),NH_(4)HSO_(4),CaSO_(4),and MgSO_(4).Significant positive correlation of Ca^(2+)with Mg^(2+)shows that they may originated mainly from *** positive correlation between SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)and Cl^(-)indicate that their source may be related to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in *** correlation analysis shows that emissions from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry in the area have a large significant on SO_(4)^(2-)and F^(-)in precipitation,while Cl^(-)may still be emitted from other anthropogenic sources.

关键词： acid rain pH Chemical composition Neutralization factor Correlation analysis

Chemical characteristics of long-term acid rain and its impact on lake water chemistry:A case study in Southwest China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 121-131页

作者： Liuyi Zhang JiaWang Shuxiao Wang Chunbo Wang Fumo Yang Tingzhen Li Chongqing Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityWanzhou 404000China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China National Engineering Research Center on Flue Gas Desulfurization Chengdu 610065China

The chemical composition of acid rain and its impact on lake water chemistry in Chongqing,China,from 2000 to 2020 were studied in this *** regional acid rain intensity is affected jointly by the acid gas emissions and the neutralization of alkaline *** pH of precipitation experienced three stages of fluctuating decline,continuous improvement,and a slight *** pH showed inflection points in 2010,mainly due to the total control actions of SO_(2)and NO_(x)implemented in *** total ion concentrations in rural areas and urban areas were 489.08μeq/L and 618.57μeq/L,*** top four ions were SO_(4)^(2-),Ca^(2+),NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-),which accounted for more than 90%of the total ion concentration,indicating the anthropogenic *** 2010,SO_(4)^(2-)fluctuated greatly while NO_(3)^(-)continued to rise;however,after 2010,both SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)^(-)began to decline rapidly,with the rates of-12.03μeq/(L·year)and-4.11μeq/(L·year).Because the decline rate of SO_(4)^(2-)was 2.91 times that of NO_(3)^(-),the regional acid rain has changed from sulfuric acid rain to mixed sulfuric and nitric acid *** lake water is weakly acidic,with an average pH of 5.86,and the acidification frequency is 30.00%.acidification of lake water is jointly affected by acid deposition and acid neutralization capacity of lake *** deposition has a profound impact on water acidification,and nitrogen(N)deposition,especially reduced N deposition,should be the focus of future research.

关键词： acid rain Chemical composition Neutralization Nitrogen deposition Water acidification

Mobility and speciation of Cd, Cu, and Zn in two acidic soils affected by simulated acid rain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第2期17卷 332-334页

作者： GUOZhao-hui LIAOBo-han HUANGChang-yong DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering CentralSouthUniversityChangsha410083China CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment HunanAgriculturalUniversityChangsha410128China CollegeofEnvironmentandResource ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310029China

Through a batch experiment, the mobility and speciation of heavy metals(Cd, Cu, Zn) in two acidic forest soils from Hunan Province were studied. The results showed that the release and potential active speciation of Cd, Cu, and Zn in the tested contaminated red soil(CRS) and yellow red soil(CYRS) increased significantly with pH decreasing and ion concentrations increasing of simulated acid rain, and these effects were mainly decided by the pH value of simulated acid rain. Cd had the highest potential risk on the environment compared with Cu and Zn. Cd existed mainly in exchangeable form in residual CRS and CYRS, Cu in organically bound and Mn-oxide occluded forms, and Zn in mineral forms due to the high background values.

关键词： batch experiment heavy metals mobility speciation acid rain

Effect of Matrix Modification on Durability of Cementitious Composites in an acid rain Environment

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2014年第3期29卷 498-503页

作者：贺奎 YANG Hui LU Zhenbao JIA Fangfang WANG Erpo 董全霄 Department of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Beijing Engineering Research Center of Architectural Functional Macromolecular Materials Beijing Building Construction Research Institute Co. Ltd.

The durability of silane-modified mortar, a cementitious composite, in acid rain environment was investigated given its extensive usage as a structural material. The results indicated that the addition of silane decreased the compressive strength of the cementitious composite. Wetting angle was increased by incorporating silane into the matrix. Decrease in both water absorption ability and coefficient of capillary suction confirmed hydrophobicity as induced by silane addition. Results of mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the sulfuric acid resistance of mortar was enhanced by silane. Based on these results, it is revealed that silane addition inhibits the diffusion of water, and consequently, sulfate ion diffusion rate decreases, thereby resulting in reduction in the rate of corrosion of cementitious composites by sulfuric acid.

关键词： silane cement wetting angle acid rain

Effect of acid rain Erosion on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2017年第1期32卷 121-128页

作者：王艳牛荻涛 SONG Zhanping College of Materials&Mineral Resources Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China School of Civil Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

acid rain can deteriorate the performance of reinforced concrete *** with the characteristics of acid rain in China,the properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete subjected to acid rain were *** effects of steel fiber content and pH value of acid rain on the mass loss,erosion depth,neutralization depth,and splitting tensile strength of tested concrete were *** mercury intrusion pore（MIP） test was used to analyze the influence of steel fiber on the acid rain resistance of concrete *** results show that the corrosion of steel fiber reinforced concrete subjected to acid rain results from the combined effect of H^＋ and SO4^2- in the acid rain,and steel fiber can improve the acid rain resistance of the tested concrete by improving the pore structure and enhancing the tie effect of the concrete *** experiment further indicates that the optimum content of steel fiber is 1.5%compared to the various mixing proportion in this *** tested concrete mass loss and splitting tensile strength decrease followed by increasing as a function of corrosion time when the pH value of the simulation solution is 3 or 4,while they decrease continuously in the simulation solution at pH *** to the tie effect of steel fiber,the spalling of concrete matrix is significantly improved,and the erosion depth and neutralization depth are less than those of conventional concrete.

关键词： steel fiber reinforced concrete acid rain neutralization depth erosion depth

Control strategy for sulfur dioxide and acid rain pollution in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 385-393页

作者： HAO Ji ming, WANG Shu xiao, LIU Bing jiang, HE Ke bin (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.E\|mail:hjm\|den@***) 清华大学北京 100084

Several factors, namely, coal dominated primary energy mix, extensive economic development mode, inefficient energy utilization, and the imperfect environmental regulations, result in the serious urban sulfur dioxide pollution and large scale sulfate type acid precipitation in China. In 1995, China′s sulfur dioxide emissions reached 23.70 Mt, and the areas affected by acid rain accounted for 40% of the territory. Chinese government accords considerable importance to the sulfur dioxide and acid rain contamination. New sets of environmental friendly policies have been promulgated. But enforcement of laws and regulations on SO 2 emissions need to be further improved and broadened, especially those respond to market conditions. This paper focuses particular attention on the analysis of strategy, policies, and national actions which had or should be taken against sulfur dioxide emissions nationwide to achieve the environmental targets, on the basis of which gives the technical options in future.

关键词： sulfur dioxide acid rain control

Deterioration Mechanism of Concrete Subjected to acid rain Attack——An Experimental and Modeling Approach

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2022年第5期37卷 849-854页

作者： LI Beixing YUAN Xiaolu ZHANG Yaming ZHU Wenkai State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area Ministry of EducationChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China

The experimental and modeling approaches were taken to study the deterioration mechanism of concrete under acid rain *** specimens were prepared and exposed to the simulated acid rain *** neutralization depth of concrete was measured,and the mineralogical composition and microstructure of concrete were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The experimental results show that the degradation of concrete increases with the corrosion time and the decrease in pH value of acidic solution from 3.5 to *** was corroded by H~+ and SO_4^(2-)in acid rain,producing gypsum and leading to the neutralization of *** acid rain exposure also resulted in the decomposition of hydration products of cement,such as C-S-H and ettringite,forming the main corrosion products of gypsum and SiO_(2)·nH_(2)*** on the second Fick diffusion law,a model was developed to describe the deterioration mechanism of concrete exposed to acid rain mathematically,coupling the diffusion of reactive ions and the corrosion *** simulation results and the experimental results were compared and discussed.

关键词： acid rain deterioration mechanism concrete modeling

Ecophysiological Effect of La-Gly on Soybean Harmed by acid rain

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Journal of Rare Earths 1999年第1期17卷 78-81页

作者：黄晓华周青曹玉华彭方晴金进邵爱华 Department of Biology Suzhou Railway Teachers College Suzhou 215009 China

Spraying soybean seedlings with 30 mg·L -1 La-Gly apparently reduces the harm of pH 2 5 acid rain to the plants. The results show that this is related to many physiological reactions, for example the La-Gly increases both the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, decreases the content of malond ialdehyde, reduces the cell membrane permeability, and keeps the stability of pH value and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction ability of the cell juice of soybean seedlings etc.

关键词： Rare earths La-Gly Soybean seedlings acid rain