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A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTairE supersite

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Block Incremental Dense Tucker Decomposition with Application to Spatial and Temporal Analysis of air quality Data

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 319-336页

作者： SangSeok Lee HaeWon Moon Lee Sael Department of Artificial Intelligence Ajou UniversitySuwon-si16499Korea Department of Software and Computer Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon-si16499Korea

How can we efficiently store and mine dynamically generated dense tensors for modeling the behavior of multidimensional dynamic data?Much of the multidimensional dynamic data in the real world is generated in the form of time-growing *** example,air quality tensor data consists of multiple sensory values gathered from wide locations for a long *** data,accumulated over time,is redundant and consumes a lot ofmemory in its raw *** need a way to efficiently store dynamically generated tensor data that increase over time and to model their behavior on demand between arbitrary time *** this end,we propose a Block IncrementalDense Tucker Decomposition(BID-Tucker)method for efficient storage and on-demand modeling ofmultidimensional spatiotemporal *** that tensors come in unit blocks where only the time domain changes,our proposed BID-Tucker first slices the blocks into matrices and decomposes them via singular value decomposition(SVD).The SVDs of the time×space sliced matrices are stored instead of the raw tensor blocks to save *** modeling from data is required at particular time blocks,the SVDs of corresponding time blocks are retrieved and incremented to be used for Tucker *** factor matrices and core tensor of the decomposed results can then be used for further data *** compared our proposed BID-Tucker with D-Tucker,which our method extends,and vanilla Tucker *** show that our BID-Tucker is faster than both D-Tucker and vanilla Tucker decomposition and uses less memory for storage with a comparable reconstruction *** applied our proposed BID-Tucker to model the spatial and temporal trends of air quality data collected in South Korea from 2018 to *** were able to model the spatial and temporal air quality *** were also able to verify unusual events,such as chronic ozone alerts and large fire events.

关键词： Dynamic decomposition tucker tensor tensor factorization spatiotemporal data tensor analysis air quality

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Mapping air quality Using Remote Sensing Technology: A Case Study of Nairobi County

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Open Journal of air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： Quinto Juma Meltus Faith Njoki Karanja Geospatial Engineering Department The University of Nairobi (UoN) Nairobi Kenya Data Management Modeling and Geoinformation Unit (DMMG) International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) Nairobi Kenya

Nairobi County experiences rapid industrialization and urbanization that contributes to the deteriorating state of air quality, posing a potential health risk to its growing population. Currently, in Nairobi County, most air quality monitoring stations use low-cost, inaccurate monitors prone to defects. The study’s objective was to map Nairobi County’s air quality using freely available remotely sensed imagery. The air Pollution Index (API) formula was used to characterize the air quality from cloud-free Landsat satellite images i.e., Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI from Google Earth Engine. The API values were computed based on vegetation indices namely NDVI, TVI, DVI, and the SWIR1 and NIR bands on the QGIS platform. Qualitative accuracy assessment was done using sample points drawn from residential, industrial, green spaces, and traffic hotspot categories, based on a passive-random sampling technique. In this study, Landsat 5 API imagery for 2010 provided a reliable representation of local conditions but indicated significant pollution in green spaces, with recorded values ranging from -143 to 334. The study found that Landsat 7 API imagery in 2002 showed expected results with the range of values being -55 to 287, while Landsat 8 indicated high pollution levels in Nairobi. The results emphasized the importance of air quality factors in API calibration and the unmatched spatial coverage of satellite observations over ground-based monitoring techniques. The study recommends the recalibration of the API formula for characteristic regions, exploring newer satellite sensors like those onboard Landsat 9 and Sentinel 2, and involving key stakeholders in a discourse to develop a suitable Kenyan air quality index.

关键词： air quality air Pollution Index (API) Satellite Imagery Vegetation Indices Nairobi County

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Atmospheric Pollutants in a Commercial Region of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil: Integration of Health, Environment and Economy in Urban Planning to Improve air quality

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 92-112页

作者： Mônica Giovana Alves Cardoso Ratts Brenna Kessy Silva Lima Gilvan Ribeiro dos Santos Fladimir de Lima Gondim Rinaldo Santos Araújo Mona Lisa Moura de Oliveira Francisco Sales Ávila Cavalcante Daniel Silveira Serra Science and Technology Center State University of Cear&#225 Cear&#225 Brazil Department of Chemistry and Environment Federal Institute of Cear&#225 Cear&#225 Brazil Center of Technological Sciences State University of Cear&#225 Cear&#225 Brazil

The accelerated growth of the vehicular fleet, the modernization of large urban centers, and the few adjustments to the road network in Fortaleza have intensified the problems of traffic and emissions of atmospheric pollutants, highlighting the necessity for strategic urban planning initiatives to address the escalating issues of traffic and pollution. With the objective of analyzing the indices of concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and estimating how these levels can affect human health, this work consists of a study of the analysis of air quality in the intense trade region of Fortaleza. For this, the analysis zone was divided into three perimeters (Major - Medium - Minor), where each perimeter was analyzed at 7 am, 12 noon and 5 pm. Concentrations of the type of O3, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), CO2 and HCHO were collected. Our results demonstrate that most of the analyses are within the limits of current legislation;however, at certain times and perimeters, the analyses of CO2 and HCHO exceeded the established limits. In view of the above, we conclude that public policies to control air quality are necessary to reduce the damage to human health and the environment caused by pollutants.

关键词： air quality Urban Planning Particulate Material Health Impacts

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air quality Predictions in Urban Areas Using Hybrid ARIMA and Metaheuristic LSTM

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 1271-1284页

作者： S.Gunasekar G.Joselin Retna Kumar G.Pius Agbulu Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyChennai603203TamilnaduIndia

Due to the development of transportation, population growth and industrial activities, air quality has become a major issue in urban areas. Poor air qualityleads to rising health issues in the human’s life in many ways especially respiratory infections, heart disease, asthma, stroke and lung cancer. The contaminatedair comprises harmful ingredients such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), and particulate matter of PM10, PM2.5, and an air quality Index (AQI).These pollutant ingredients are very harmful to human’s health and also leads todeath. So, it is necessary to develop a prediction model for air quality as regularon the basis of monthly or seasonaly. In this work, a new hybrid model for airquality prediction (AQP) is developed by using reed deer metaheuristic optimizedLong Short Term Memory (LSTM) Deep Learning network. To overcome thedrawback of the existing autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA) model, the residual errors are processed by using an optimized LSTMnetwork. The red deer optimization (RDO) is a new type of metaheuristic methodwhich is motivated by the mating behaviour of Red Deer. The proposed model isbetter in terms of all prediction performance parameters when compared withother models.

关键词： air quality prediction ARIMA RDO

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Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using a high-resolution model simulation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第4期16卷 47-57页

作者： Hengrui Tao Jia Xing Gaofeng Pan Jonathan Pleim Limei Ran Shuxiao Wang Xing Chang Guojing Li Fei Chen Junhua Li Aviation University of air Force Changchun 130022China School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Research Triangle Park Environmental Protection AgencyNC 27711USA East Remote Sensing Laboratory United States Department of AgricultureNC 20250USA Unit No.96941 of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100041China Unit No.31010 of Chinese People's Liberation Army Beijing 100081China

Anthropogenic heat emissions(AHE)play an important role in modulating the atmospheric thermodynamic and kinetic properties within the urban planetary boundary layer,particularly in densely populated megacities like *** this study,we estimate the AHE by using a Large-scale Urban Consumption of energY(LUCY)model and further couple LUCY with a high-resolution regional chemical transport model to evaluate the impact of AHE on atmospheric environment in *** areas with high AHE,the 2-m temperature(T_(2))increased to varying degrees and showed distinct diurnal and seasonal variations with maxima in night and *** increase in 10-m wind speed(WS_(10))and planetary boundary layer height(PBLH)exhibited slight diurnal variations but showed significant seasonal ***,the systematic continuous precipitation increased by 2.1 mm due to the increase in PBLH and water vapor in upper *** contrast,the precipitation in local thermal convective showers increased little because of the limited water ***,the PM_(2.5) reduced in areas with high AHE because of the increase in WS_(10) and PBLH and continued to reduce as the pollution levels *** contrast,in areas where prevailing wind direction was opposite to that of thermal circulation caused by AHE,the WS_(10) reduced,leading to increased PM_(2.5).The changes of PM_(2.5) illustrated that a reasonable AHE scheme might be an effective means to improve the performance of PM_(2.5) ***,high AHE aggravated the O_(3) pollution in urban areas due to the reduction in NO_(x).

关键词： Anthropogenic heat emissions LUCY High-resolution Meteorological parameters air quality

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Application of low-cost particulate matter sensors for air quality monitoring and exposure assessment in underground mines:A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第8期29卷 1475-1490页

作者： Nana A.Amoah Guang Xu Yang Wang Jiayu Li Yongming Zou Baisheng Nie Department of Mining Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMissouri 65401USA Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental EngineeringMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMissouri 65401USA Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55455USA China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Shenyang Research Institute Fushun 113122China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology Fushun 113122China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Exposure to mining-induced particulate matter(PM)including coal dust and diesel particulate matter(DPM)causes severe respirat-ory diseases such as coal workers’pneumoconiosis(CWP)and lung *** spatiotemporal resolution of current PM monitors causes miners to be exposed to unknown PM concentrations,with increased overexposure ***-cost PM sensors offer a potential solution to this challenge with their capability in characterizing PM concentrations with high spatiotemporal ***,their application in underground mines has not been *** the aim of examining the potential application of low-cost sensors in underground mines,a critical review of the present status of PM sensor research is *** working principles of present PM monitors and low-cost sensors are *** error sources are identified,and comprehensive calibration processes are presented to correct *** protocols are pro-posed to evaluate sensor performance prior to deployment,and the potential application of low-cost sensors is discussed.

关键词： particulate matter low-cost sensors air quality underground mine sensor calibration

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Characterization of aircraft emissions and air quality impacts of an international airport

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第10期30卷 198-207页

作者： Xiaowen Yang Shuiyuan Cheng Jianlei Lang Ran Xu Zhe Lv Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional air Pollution Control Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081 China National Meteorological Center of CMA Beijing 100081 China

Beijing Capital International airport（ZBAA） is the world＇s second busiest airport. In this study, the emissions of air pollutants from aircraft and other sources at ZBAA in 2015 were estimated using an improved method, which considered the mixing layer height calculated based on aircraft meteorological data relay（AMDAR）, instead of using the height（915 m）recommended by ICAO. The yearly emissions of NOx, CO, VOCs, SO2, and PM2.5 at the airport were 8.76 × 10^3, 4.43 × 10^3, 5.43 × 10^2, 4.80 × 10^2, and 1.49 × 10^2 ton/year, respectively. The spatial–temporal distribution of aircraft emissions was systematically analyzed to understand the emission characteristics of aircraft. The results indicated that NOxwas mainly emitted during the take-off and climb phases, accounting for 20.5% and 55.5% of the total emissions. CO and HC were mainly emitted during the taxi phase, accounting for 91.6%and 92.2% of the total emissions. Because the mixing layer height was high in summer, the emissions of aircraft were at the highest level throughout the year. Based on the detailed emissions inventory, four seasons simulation using WRF-CMAQ model was performed over the domain surrounding the airport. The results indicated that the contribution to PM2.5 was relatively high in winter; the average impact was about 1.15 μg/m3 within a radius of1 km around the airport. Meanwhile, the near surroundings and southwest areas of the airport are the most sensitive to PM2.5.

关键词： Beijing Capital International airport aircraft Emission inventory air quality

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Urban air quality, meteorology and traffic linkages: Evidence from a sixteen-day particulate matter pollution event in December 2015, Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期29卷 30-38页

作者： Dongmei Hu Jianping Wu Kun Tian Lyuchao Liao Ming Xu Yiman Du Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua University Fujian Key Laboratory for Automotive Electronics and Electric Drive Fujian University of Technology

A heavy 16-day pollution episode occurred in Beijing from December 19, 2015 to January 3,2016. The mean daily AQI and PM2.5 were 240.44 and 203.6 μg/m^3. We analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of air pollutants, meteorology and road space speed during this period, then extended to reveal the combined effects of traffic restrictions and meteorology on urban air quality with observational data and a multivariate mutual information model. Results of spatiotemporal analysis showed that five pollution stages were identified with remarkable variation patterns based on evolution of PM2.5 concentration and weather conditions. Southern sites（DX, YDM and DS） experienced heavier pollution than northern ones（DL, CP and WL）. Stage P2 exhibited combined functions of meteorology and traffic restrictions which were delayed peak-clipping effects on *** information values of air quality–Traffic–Meteorology（ATM–MI） revealed that additive functions of traffic restrictions, suitable relative humidity and temperature were more effective on the removal of fine particles and CO than NO2.

关键词： Pollution event air quality Meteorology Traffic restrictions Mutual information

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Combining innovative science and policy to improve air quality in cities with refining and chemicals manufacturing： The case study of Houston, Texas, USA

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 293-304页

作者： David T. Allen University of Texas Austin Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Energy and Environmental Resources Austin TX 78759 USA

In Houston, a combination of urban emissions from a city of 4 million people, coupled with emissions from extensive petroleum refining and chemical manufacturing, leads to conditions for photochemistry that are unique in the United States, and historically, the city had experienced some of the highest ozone concentrations recorded in the United States. Large air quality field studies （the Texas air quality Studies or TexAQS I and II） were conducted to determine root causes of the high ozone concentrations. Hundreds of air quality investigators, from around the world, deployed instruments on aircraft, on ships, and at fixed ground sites to make extensive air quality measurements; detailed photochemical modeling was used to interpret and assess the implications of the measurements. The Texas air quality Studies revealed that both continuous and episodic emissions of light alkenes, which came to be called highly reactive volatile organic compounds, played a critical role in the formation of ozone and other photochemical oxidants in the region. Under- standing and quantifying the role of these emissions in regional air quality required innovations in characterizing emissions and in photochemical modeling. Reducing emissions required innovative policy approaches. These coupled scientific and policy innovations are described, and the result, substantially cleaner air for Houston, is documented. The lessons learned from the Houston air quality experience are relevant to cities with similar population and industrial profiles around the world.

关键词： ozone air quality highly reactive volatile organic compounds Houston

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