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Base editors:development and applications in biomedicine

Frontiers of Medicine 2023年第3期17卷 359-387页

作者： Yanhui Liang Fangbing Chen Kepin Wang Liangxue Lai China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative BiologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineCentre for Regenerative Medicine and HealthHong Kong Institute of Science and InnovationGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU015)Guangzhou 510530China Sanya Institute of Swine Resource Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory AnimalsSanya 572000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine Wuyi UniversityJiangmen 529020China

Base editor(BE)is a gene-editing tool developed by combining the CRISPR/Cas system with an individual deaminase,enabling precise single-base substitution in DNA or RNA without generating a DNA double-strand break(DSB)or requiring donor DNA templates in living cells.Base editors offer more precise and secure genome-editing effects than other conventional artificial nuclease systems,such as CRISPR/Cas9,as the DSB induced by Cas9 will cause severe damage to the genome.Thus,base editors have important applications in the field of biomedicine,including gene function investigation,directed protein evolution,genetic lineage tracing,disease modeling,and gene therapy.Since the development of the two main base editors,cytosine base editors(CBEs)and adenine base editors(abes),scientists have developed more than 100 optimized base editors with improved editing efficiency,precision,specificity,targeting scope,and capacity to be delivered in vivo,greatly enhancing their application potential in biomedicine.Here,we review the recent development of base editors,summarize their applications in the biomedical field,and discuss future perspectives and challenges for therapeutic applications.

关键词： base editing CBE abe ADAR DdCBE disease model therapeutic application

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User Centric Block-Level Attribute Based Encryption in Cloud Using Blockchains

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 605-618页

作者： S.Godfrey Winster A.Siva Kumar R.Ramesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of ComputingCollege of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyChengalpattu603203India Department of Information Technology Sri Sai Ram Engineering CollegeChennai600044India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha Engineering CollegeChennai602105India

Cloud computing is a collection of distributed storage Network which can provide various services and store the data in the efficient manner.The advantages of cloud computing is its remote access where data can accessed in real time using Remote Method Innovation(RMI).The problem of data security in cloud environment is a major concern since the data can be accessed by any time by any user.Due to the lack of providing the efficient security the cloud computing they fail to achieve higher performance in providing the efficient service.To improve the performance in data security,the block chains are used for securing the data in the cloud environment.However,the traditional block chain technique are not suitable to provide efficient security to the cloud data stored in the cloud.In this paper,an efficient user centric block level Attribute Based Encryption(UCBL-abe)scheme is presented to provide the efficient security of cloud data in cloud environment.The proposed approach performs data transaction by employing the block chain.The proposed system provides efficient privacy with access control to the user access according to the behavior of cloud user using Data Level Access Trust(DLAT).Based on DLAT,the user access has been restricted in the cloud environment.The proposed protocol is implemented in real time using Java programming language and uses IBM cloud.The implementation results justifies that the proposed system can able to provide efficient security to the data present in and cloud and also enhances the cloud performance.

关键词： Cloud blockchain data security abe block-level

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Development of plant cytosine base editors with the Cas12a system

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1451-1457页

作者： Huanhuan Wang Jing Liang Like Chen Bufang Deng Dongfang Gu Xiaoshuang Liu Shan Jin Rongfang Xu Ruiying Qin Yitong Zhu Liangxia Zhao Dourong Kou Yanjun Chen Yingli Jiang Juan Li Pengcheng Wei College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036AnhuiChina Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui Province Rice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230031AnhuiChina

Base editors of the Cas9 system have been widely used for precise nucleotide substitution in crops. In this study, Cas12a was applied to construct plant cytosine base editors(CBEs). The main elements of Cas12aCBEs were engineered and their efficiency was evaluated in stably transformed rice cells. An optimized ttCas12a-hyA3Bctd editor, consisting of a LbCas12a variant carrying catalytic inactive D832A and temperature-tolerance D156R double mutations, a truncated human APOBEC3B deaminase, a human RAD51 single-stranded DNA-binding domain, and double copies of UGI, outperformed other Cas12aCBEs in base editing efficiency. In T0transgenic rice plants, ttCas12a-hyA3Bctd edited an average of42.01% and a maximum of 68.75% of lines at six genomic targets. A-to-G conversions were generated in rice by an adenine base editor with a similar architecture to the optimized CBE. Our results provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility of robust and efficient plant Cas12a base editing systems, which could be useful for precise crop breeding.

关键词： Cas12a Base editing Rice abe CBE

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Traceable and revocable CP-abe with shorter ciphertexts

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第11期59卷 230-232页

作者： Jianting NING Zhenfu CAO Xiaolei DONG Lifei WEI Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Key Lab for Trustworthy Computing East China Normal University College of Information Technology Shanghai Ocean University

Dear editor,As a sophisticated mechanism for secure finegrained access control on encrypted data,Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CPabe)is a highly promising solution for commercial applications such as cloud computing and social networks.However,there exists an important and practical issue in current CP-abe systems awaiting to solve.As a one-to-many encryption mechanism,the same ciphertexts will

关键词： abe high CP Traceable and revocable CP-abe with shorter ciphertexts

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Decentralized Attribute-Based Encryption and Data Sharing Scheme in Cloud Storage

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China Communications 2018年第2期15卷 138-152页

作者： Xiehua Li Yanlong Wang Ming Xu Yaping Cui College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University

In this paper, we consider the problems of data sharing between multiple distrusted authorities. Prior solutions rely on trusted third parties such as CAs, or are susceptible to collusion between malicious authorities, which can comprise the security of honest ones. In this paper, we propose a new multi-authority data sharing scheme – Decentralized Multi-Authority abe(DMA), which is derived from CP-abe that is resilient to these types of misbehavior. Our system distinguishes between a data owner(DO) principal and attribute authorities(AAs): the DO owns the data but allows AAs to arbitrate access by providing attribute labels to users. The data is protected by policy encryption over these attributes. Unlike prior systems, attributes generated by AAs are not user-specific, and neither is the system susceptible to collusion between users who try to escalate their access by sharing keys. We prove our scheme correct under the Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman(DBDH) assumption; we also include a complete end-to-end implementation that demonstrates the practical efficacy of our technique.

关键词：直接存储器存取 Diffie-Hellman 属性加密和数分散第三方 abe

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Adaptively Secure Attribute-Based Encryption Supporting Attribute Revocation

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China Communications 2012年第9期9卷 22-40页

作者： Wu Qiuxin Zhang Miao College of Science Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing 100192 P. R. China School of Computer Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 P. R. China

Attribute revocation is inevitable and also important for Attribute-Based Encryption (abe) in practice.However,little attention has been paid to this issue,and it remains one of the main obstacles for the application of abe.Most of existing abe schemes support attribute revocation work under indirect revocation model such that all the users' private keys will be affected when the revocation events occur.Though some abe schemes have realized revocation under direct revocation model such that the revocation list is embedded in the ciphertext and none of the users' private keys will be affected by revocation,they mostly focused on the user revocation that revokes the user's whole attributes,or they can only be proven to be selectively secure.In this paper,we first define a model of adaptively secure abe supporting the attribute revocation under direct revocation model.Then we propose a Key-Policy abe (KP-abe) scheme and a Ciphertext-Policy abe (CP-abe) scheme on composite order bilinear groups.Finally,we prove our schemes to be adaptively secure by employing the methodology of dual system encryption.

关键词：安全属性加密技术自适应撤销 abe 私人密钥用户工作时

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Developing high-efficiency base editors by combining optimized synergistic core components with new types of nuclear localization signal peptide

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The Crop Journal 2020年第3期8卷 408-417页

作者： Feipeng Wang Chengwei Zhang Wen Xu Shuang Yuan Jinling Song Lu Li Jiuran Zhao Jinxiao Yang Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding Beijing Academy of Agriculture&Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated protein(Cas) system has been widely used for genome editing. In this system, the cytosine base editor(CBE) and adenine base editor(abe) allow generating precise and irreversible base mutations in a programmable manner and have been used in many different types of cells and organisms. However, their applications are limited by low editing efficiency at certain genomic target sites or at specific target cytosine(C) or adenine(A) residues. Using a strategy of combining optimized synergistic core components, we developed a new multiplex super-assembled abe(sabe) in rice that showed higher base-editing efficiency than previously developed abes. We also designed a new type of nuclear localization signal(NLS) comprising a FLAG epitope tag with four copies of a codon-optimized NLS(F4NLS^(r2)) to generate another abe named F4NLS-sabe. This new NLS increased editing efficiency or edited additional A at several target sites. A new multiplex super-assembled CBE(sCBE) and F4NLS^(r2) involved F4NLS-sCBE were also created using the same strategy. F4NLS-sCBE was proven to be much more efficient than sCBE in rice. These optimized base editors will serve as powerful genome-editing tools for basic research or molecular breeding in rice and will provide a reference for the development of superior editing tools for other plants or animals.

关键词： CBE abe NLS Developing high-efficiency base editors by combining optimized synergistic core components with new types of nuclear localization signal peptide

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τ-Access Policy:Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme for Social Network Based Data Trading

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China Communications 2021年第8期18卷 183-198页

作者： Shamsher Ullah Lan Zhang Muhammad Wasif Sardar Muhammad Tanveer Hussain School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072ShaanxiChina School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina Department of Electronics and Electrical Systems University of LahorePunjab54000Pakistan School of Science Department of MathematicsUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan.

The rapid development of social technology has replaced physical interaction in the trading market.The implication of this technology is to provide access to the right information at the right time.The drawback of these technologies is that the eavesdropper can remove the user from the network and can create proxy participants.In this paper,we discuss how a social network overcome and prevent these data trading issues.To maintain the security of data trading,we applied abe technique based on DBDH to secure data trading network.Our proposedτ-access policy scheme provides the best solution for the betterment of data trading network in terms of security.Inτ-access policy scheme,the users can encrypt and decrypt Private Transactions Information(PTI)using our proposedτ-access policy.The security properties ofτ-access policy are data confidentiality,data integrity,authenticity,non-repudiation,and unforgeability.The efficiency of our scheme is 77.73%,which is more suitable for data trading markets and trading strategies.

关键词： abe privacy integrity data trading PTI τ-access policy

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A Generic Construction of Ciphertext-Policy Attribute- Based Encryption Supporting Attribute Revocation

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China Communications 2014年第A1期11卷 93-100页

作者： WU Qiuxin CollegeofScience BeijingInformationScience&TechnologyUniversityBeijing100192PRChina

Attribute-based encryption is drawing more attention with its inherent attractive properties which are potential to be widely used in the newly developing cloud computing. However, one of the main obstacles for its application is how to revoke the attributes of the users, though some abe schemes have realized revocation, they mostly focused on the user revocation that revokes the user's whole attributes, or attribute revocation under the indirect revocation model such that all the users' private keys will be affected by the revocation. In this paper,we define the model of CP-abe supporting the attribute revocation under the direct revocation model, in which the revocation list is embed in the ciphertext and none of the users' private keys will be affected by the revocation process. Then we propose a generic construction, and prove its security with the decision q-BDHE assumption.

关键词：加密技术撤销属性密文通用私有密钥用户 abe

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Adaptively secure multi-authority attribute-based encryption with verifiable outsourced decryption

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第9期59卷 256-258页

作者： Kai ZHANG Jianfeng MA Jiajia LIU Hui LI School of Telecommunications Engineering Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University

Dear editor,Attribute-based encryption(abe)was first introduced by Sahai and Waters[1]where the decryption ability of a user is based on his attributes.Later,it was divided into ciphertext-policy abe(CP-abe)and key-po... 详细信息

关键词： GID SKS LSSS abe CPA

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