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Probing nickelate superconductors at atomic scale: A STEM review

CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 2-11页

作者： Lei, Yihan Wang, Yanghe Song, Jiahao Ge, Jinxin Wu, Dirui Zhang, Yingli Li, Changjian Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mat Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Southern Univ Sci & Technol Guangdong Prov Key Lab Funct Oxide Mat & Devices Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

The discovery of nickelate superconductors, including doped infinite-layer (IL) nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd), layered square-planar nickelate Nd6Ni5O12, and the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase La3Ni2O7, has spurred immense interest in fundamental research and potential applications. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has proven crucial for understanding structure-property correlations in these diverse nickelate superconducting systems. In this review, we summarize the key findings from various modes of STEM, elucidating the mechanism of different nickelate superconductors. We also discuss future perspectives on emerging STEM techniques for unraveling the pairing mechanism in the "nickel age" of superconductivity.

关键词： scanning transmission electron microscopy superconductivity epitaxial thin films nickelates 68.37.ma 74.25.Dw 81.30.Dz 79.20.Uv LANIO3 PEROVSKITE REDUCED FORMS RECONSTRUCTION INTERFACE

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Electronic structure engineering of transition metal dichalcogenides for boosting hydrogen energy conversion electrocatalysts

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 13-28页

作者： Hao, Bing Guo, Jingjing Liu, Peizhi Guo, Junjie Taiyuan Univ Technol Key Lab Interface Sci & Engn Adv Mat Minist Educ Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China

Electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is an appealing strategy to reduce carbon emissions and generate renewable fuels. This promising process, however, is limited by its sluggish reaction kinetics and high-cost catalysts. The two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have presented great potential as electrocatalytic materials due to their tunable bandgaps, abundant defective active sites, and good chemical stability. Consequently, phase engineering, defect engineering and interface engineering have been adopted to manipulate the electronic structure of TMDCs for boosting their exceptional catalytic performance. Particularly, it is essential to clarify the local structure of catalytically active sites of TMDCs and their structural evolution in catalytic reactions using atomic resolution electron microscopy and the booming in situ technologies, which is beneficial for exploring the underlying reaction mechanism. In this review, the growth regulation, characterization, particularly atomic configurations of active sites in TMDCs are summarized. The significant role of electron microscopy in the understanding of the growth mechanism, the controlled synthesis and functional optimization of 2D TMDCs are discussed. This review will shed light on the design and synthesis of novel electrocatalysts with high performance, as well as prompt the application of advanced electron microscopy in the research of materials science.

关键词： TMDCs STEM hydrogen energy conversion active site identification 68.37.ma 88.30.-k 71.23.-k 73.22.-f EVOLUTION PERFORmaNCE

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Revealing the microstructures of metal halide perovskite thin films via advanced transmission electron microscopy

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 30-41页

作者： Yan, Yanfa Univ Toledo Dept Phys & Astron Toledo OH 43606 USA Univ Toledo Astron & Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercia Toledo OH 43606 USA

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are excellent semiconductors that have led to breakthroughs in applications in thin-film solar cells, detectors, and light-emitting diodes due to their remarkable optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance. However, the performance and stability of MHP-based devices are significantly influenced by their microstructures including the formation of defects, composition fluctuations, structural inhomogeneity, etc. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for direct observation of microstructure at the atomic-scale resolution and has been used to correlate the microstructure and performance of MHP-based devices. In this review, we highlight the application of TEM techniques in revealing the microstructures of MHP thin films at the atomic scale. The results provide critical understanding of the performance of MHP devices and guide the design of strategies for improving the performance and stability of MHP devices.

关键词： perovskite defect inhomogeneity transmission electron microscopy 68.35.Dv 68.37.Lp 68.37.ma 68.37.Og BEAM-INDUCED TRANSFORmaTIONS SOLAR-CELLS EFFICIENT PHASE FORmaMIDINIUM STABILITY LAYER

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