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3d visualization of hydraulic fractures using micro-seismic monitoring:Methodology and application

Petroleum 2022年第1期8卷 92-101页

作者： Chenghua Ou Chenggang Liang Zhaoliang Li Li Luo Xiao Yang State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Jiqing Operation Area of PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Branch Fukang831511China Exploration and development Research Institute of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Branch Dunhuang736200China Southwest Branch of China Petroleum Group Logging Co. Ltd.Chongqing400021China Southwest Research Institute of dongfang Geophysical Exploration Co. Ltd.Chengdu610051China

In this paper,a new 3d visualization technical method was developed for hydraulic fractures using micro-seismic monitoring.This technical method consists of four steps:i.interpret the geologic hydraulic fracture model based on seismic source location data from micro-seismic monitoring;ii.develop a hydraulic fracture indication model,relying on the 3d spatial freeze-frame of micro-seismic monitoring sources from hydraulic fracturing;iii.construct a hydraulic fracture density model using the intensity from the micro-seismic monitoring;and iv.implement a 3d visualization of the hydraulic fractures,relying on the spatial constraints of the density model,the hydraulic fracture indication model,and the properties of the hydraulic fractures.This proposed technical method was used to produce 3d visualizations of the hydraulic fractures in well X in the Jiao reservoir,China,and the 3d visualizations of the distribution,development,extent and cutting relationships of hydraulic fractures were successfully realized.The results show that this technical method can be used as a practical and reliable approach to characterize hydraulic fractures.

关键词： 3d visualization Micro-seismic monitoring Hydraulic fracture Jiao reservoir Reservoir modelling

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VT3d:a visualization toolbox for 3d transcriptomic data

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第9期50卷 713-719页

作者： Lidong Guo Yao Li Yanwei Qi Zhi Huang Kai Han Xiaobin Liu Xin Liu Mengyang Xu Guangyi Fan College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdaoShandong 266555China BGI-Shenzhen ShenzhenGuangdong 518083China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China

data visualization empowers researchers to communicate their results that support scientific reasoning in an intuitive way.Three-dimension(3d)spatially resolved transcriptomic atlases constructed from multi-view and high-dimensional data have rapidly emerged as a powerful tool to unravel spatial gene expression patterns and cell type distribution in biological samples,revolutionizing the understanding of gene regulatory interactions and cell niches.However,limited accessible tools for data visualization impede the potential impact and application of this technology.Here we introduce VT3d,a visualization toolbox that allows users to explore 3d transcriptomic data,enabling gene expression projection to any 2d plane of interest,2d virtual slice creation and visualization,and interactive 3d data browsing with surface model plots.In addition,it can either work on personal devices in standalone mode or be hosted as a web-based server.We apply VT3d to multiple datasets produced by the most popular techniques,including both sequencing-based approaches(Stereo-seq,spatial transcriptomics,and Slide-seq)and imaging-based approaches(MERFISH and STARMap),and successfully build a 3d atlas database that allows interactive data browsing.We demonstrate that VT3d bridges the gap between researchers and spatially resolved transcriptomics,thus accelerating related studies such as embryogenesis and organogenesis processes.The source code of VT3d is available at https://***/BGI-Qingdao/VT3d,and the modeled atlas database is available at http://***/vt3d_example.

关键词： Spatially resolved transcriptomics Stereo-seq Spatial transcriptomics MERFISH 3d visualization data sharing Virtual slice

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Phenotyping of poplar seedling leaves based on a 3d visualization method

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第6期11卷 145-151页

作者： Chunhua Hu Pingping Li Zhou Pan School of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Biology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

In plant research,there is a demand for non-destructive and non-invasive trait measurement methods for phenotyping that can be used to accurately analyze various aspects of plants,such as stem length,leaf area,and leaf inclination.In this study,a method for measuring the leaf geometric characteristics of poplar seedlings based on 3d visualization via the use of time-of-flight(ToF)and digital cameras was proposed.Firstly,the average distance density function method was applied to process outliers of leaves.Secondly,to improve the accuracy of data fitting,a specific method using the angle of adjacent two-point normal vectors was introduced to filter redundant data,kept essential sample values as the control points,and then used the control points to fit the leaf surface based on non-uniform rational B-splines(NURBS).At the same time,NURBS was used to fit the trunk according to its control points and an iterative method to fit the other branches.Finally,3d visualization of poplar seedlings was achieved,and leaf traits,including leaf width,leaf length,leaf area,and leaf inclination angle,were calculated.To obtain accurate results,multiple experiments were conducted including assessments of poplar seedlings exhibiting normal growth and those grown under water shortage.The results of the proposed method were compared with the real values of the leaves.The RMSE for leaf width,leaf length,leaf area,and leaf angle were 0.18 cm,0.21 cm,1.14 cm^(2),and 1.97°,respectively.The results proved that this approach could be used to accurately measure the leaf characteristics of poplar seedlings via visualization.

关键词： NURBS poplar seedling 3d visualization leaf geometrical characteristics

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damage evolution of rock-encased-backfill structure under stepwise cyclic triaxial loading

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 597-615页

作者： Xin Yu Yuye Tan Weidong Song John Kemeny Shengwen Qi Bowen Zheng Songfeng Guo Key Laboratory of Shale Gas and Geoengineering Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100089China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100089China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines(Ministry of Education of China) University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China department of Mining and Geological Engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ86721USA

Rock-encased-backfill(RB)structures are common in underground mining,for example in the cut-andfill and stoping methods.To understand the effects of cyclic excavation and blasting activities on the damage of these RB structures,a series of triaxial stepwise-increasing-amplitude cyclic loading experiments was conducted with cylindrical RB specimens(rock on outside,backfill on inside)with different volume fractions of rock(VF=0.48,0.61,0.73,and 0.84),confining pressures(0,6,9,and 12 MPa),and cyclic loading rates(200,300,400,and 500 N/s).The damage evolution and meso-crack formation during the cyclic tests were analyzed with results from stress-strain hysteresis loops,acoustic emission events,and post-failure X-ray 3d fracture morphology.The results showed significant differences between cyclic and monotonic loadings of RB specimens,particularly with regard to the generation of shear microcracks,the development of stress memory and strain hardening,and the contact forces and associated friction that develops along the rock-backfill interface.One important finding is that as a function of the number of cycles,the elastic strain increases linearly and the dissipated energy increases exponentially.Also,compared with monotonic loading,the cyclic strain hardening characteristics are more sensitive to rising confining pressures during the initial compaction stage.Another finding is that compared with monotonic loading,more shear microcracks are generated during every reloading stage,but these microcracks tend to be dispersed and lessen the likelihood of large shear fracture formation.The transition from elastic to plastic behavior varies depending on the parameters of each test(confinement,volume fraction,and cyclic rate),and an interesting finding was that the transformation to plastic behavior is significantly lower under the conditions of 0.73 rock volume fraction,400 N/s cyclic loading rate,and 9 MPa confinement.All the findings have important practical implications on the ability of backfill to support underground ex

关键词： Rock and backfill Triaxial cyclic loading Volume fraction damage evolution 3d visualization

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Web-based visualization of large 3d urban building models

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International Journal of digital Earth 2014年第1期7卷 53-67页

作者： Liqiang Zhang Chunming Han Liang Zhang Xiaokun Zhang Jonathan Li State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina The Center for Earth Observation and digital Earth Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina department of Computer Science Beijing Electronic Science and Technology InstituteBeijingChina department of Geography and Environmental Management Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooCanada

Adaptive rendering of large urban building models has become an important research issue in three-dimensional(3d)geographic information system(GIS)applications.This study explores a way for rendering web-based 3d urban building models.A client-server hybrid rendering approach is presented for large 3d city models,stored on a remote server through a network.The approach combines an efficient multi-hierarchical building representation with a novel image-based method,3d image impostor generated on demand by a remote server.This approach allows transferring complex scenes progressively while keeping high visualization quality.We also evaluated the rendering and data transferring performance of the proposed approach.

关键词： urban building models progressive transmission client-server hybrid 3d visualization

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Intelligent 3d garment system of the human body based on deep spiking neural network

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第1期6卷 43-55页

作者： Minghua JIANG Zhangyuan TIAN Chenyu YU Yankang SHI Li LIU Tao PENG Xinrong HU Feng YU School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province for Clothing Information Wuhan 430200China

Background Intelligent garments,a burgeoning class of wearable devices,have extensive applications in domains such as sports training and medical rehabilitation.Nonetheless,existing research in the smart wearables domain predominantly emphasizes sensor functionality and quantity,often skipping crucial aspects related to user experience and interaction.Methods To address this gap,this study introduces a novel real-time 3d interactive system based on intelligent garments.The system utilizes lightweight sensor modules to collect human motion data and introduces a dual-stream fusion network based on pulsed neural units to classify and recognize human movements,thereby achieving real-time interaction between users and sensors.Additionally,the system incorporates 3d human visualization functionality,which visualizes sensor data and recognizes human actions as 3d models in real time,providing accurate and comprehensive visual feedback to help users better understand and analyze the details and features of human motion.This system has significant potential for applications in motion detection,medical monitoring,virtual reality,and other fields.The accurate classification of human actions contributes to the development of personalized training plans and injury prevention strategies.Conclusions This study has substantial implications in the domains of intelligent garments,human motion monitoring,and digital twin visualization.The advancement of this system is expected to propel the progress of wearable technology and foster a deeper comprehension of human motion.

关键词： Intelligent garment system Internet of things Human action recognition deep learning 3d visualization

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Research on 3d visualization design system of hydraulic culvert

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Computer Aided drafting,design and Manufacturing 2016年第4期26卷 1-4页

作者： Wang Ziru Zhang Fan Qiu Bing Wang Gongyan Ma Baiyu School of Hydraulic Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China College of Landscape Architecture Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China.

The conventional 2d design method of culverts separated from 3d model cannot directly visualize the process of creating and renewal process. This paper explores graphics application framework of Open GL based on MFC, developing the 3d visualization system of hydraulic culvert. This system effectively integrats with building design, structural design and parametric design and image processing technology. The results can be shown by 3d visualization design.

关键词： hydraulic culvert parameterization Open GL MFC 3d visualization

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3d visualization and volume-based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using high resolution micro-CT

3D visualization and volume-based quantification of rice cha...

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第十九届中国作物学会学术年会

作者： Yi Su Lang-Tao Xiao College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural University

Rice quality research attracts attention worldwide. Rice chalkiness is one of the key indexes determining rice kernel quality. The traditional rice chalkiness measurement methods only use milled rice as materials and are mainly based on naked-eye observation or area-based two-dimensional(2 d) image analysis and the results could not represent the three-dimensional(3 d) characteristics of chalkiness in the rice kernel. These methods are neither in vivo thus are unable to analyze living rice seeds for high throughput screening of rice chalkiness phenotype. Here, we introduced a novel method for 3 d visualization and accurate volume-based quantification of rice chalkiness in vivo by using X-ray microcomputed tomography(micro-CT). This approach not only develops a novel volume-based method to measure the 3 d rice chalkiness index, but also provides a high throughput solution for rice chalkiness phenotype analysis by using living rice seeds. Our method could be a new powerful tool for rice chalkiness measurement, especially for high throughput chalkiness phenotype screening using living rice seeds. This method could be used in chalkiness phenotype identification and screening, and would greatly promote the basic research in rice chalkiness regulation as well as the quality evaluation in rice production practice.

关键词： rice chalkiness 3d visualization volume based quantification micro-CT in vivo analysis

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Pore structure characterization and seepage analysis of ionic rare earth orebodies based on computed tomography images

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2022年第2期32卷 411-421页

作者： Xianping Luo Yongbing Zhang Hepeng Zhou Kunzhong He Boyuan Zhang dongming Zhang Weijing Xiao National Innovation Center for Rare Earth Functional Material Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Key Laboratory of Ionic Rare Earth Resources development and Application Ministry of EducationJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining&Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine disaster dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Pore network structure of ore body is a diffusion channel of leaching agent solution that exerts a significant influence on seepage.The ore body structure,pore distribution,pore and throat size,and pore network characteristics of topsoil,weathered,and semiweathered layers of ionic rare earth ore in southern Jiangxi Province were explored in this study.The effect of leaching operation on the pore structure was investigated,and main factors affecting the seepage were analyzed.Results showed that the semiweathered layer presents a dense structure and a small number of unconnected pores.Pores of topsoil and weathered layers are mainly long and narrow column openings with some planar fractures.Even pore distribution and large size span were observed.Compared with the weathered layer,the topsoil layer demonstrates larger voids,smaller average pore volume and equivalent radius,and fewer coordination throats;however,the average equivalent radius of the throat in the topsoil layer is larger and largescale channels exist through ore body vertically.Hence,permeability of the topsoil layer is significantly higher than that of the weathered layer.Colloidal clay minerals migrate easily and the occurrence of silting in the small porosity blocks the throat and significantly decreases the permeability of the ore body in the leaching process.The equivalent radius of the throat is the key to the seepage.Reducing the migration of fine particles is an effective measure to protect the throat and shorten the leaching period.

关键词： Ionic rare earth ore CT scanning 3d visualization Pore characteristics Permeability

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Virtual-reality-based digital twin of office spaces with social distance measurement feature

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第1期4卷 55-75页

作者： Abhishek MUKHOPAdHYAY G S Rajshekar REddY KamalPreet Singh SALUJA Subhankar GHOSH Anasol PEÑA-RIOS Gokul GOPAL Pradipta BISWAS Indian Institute of Science BangaloreIndia BT Plc UK

Background Social distancing is an effective way to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Many students and researchers have already attempted to use computer vision technology to automatically detect human beings in the field of view of a camera and help enforce social distancing.However,because of the present lockdown measures in several countries,the validation of computer vision systems using large-scale datasets is a challenge.Methods In this paper,a new method is proposed for generating customized datasets and validating deep-learning-based computer vision models using virtual reality(VR)technology.Using VR,we modeled a digital twin(dT)of an existing office space and used it to create a dataset of individuals in different postures,dresses,and locations.To test the proposed solution,we implemented a convolutional neural network(CNN)model for detecting people in a limited-sized dataset of real humans and a simulated dataset of humanoid figures.Results We detected the number of persons in both the real and synthetic datasets with more than 90%accuracy,and the actual and measured distances were significantly correlated(r=0.99).Finally,we used intermittent-layer-and heatmap-based data visualization techniques to explain the failure modes of a CNN.Conclusions A new application of dTs is proposed to enhance workplace safety by measuring the social distance between individuals.The use of our proposed pipeline along with a dT of the shared space for visualizing both environmental and human behavior aspects preserves the privacy of individuals and improves the latency of such monitoring systems because only the extracted information is streamed.

关键词： Virtual environment digital twin 3d visualization Convolutional neural network Object detection Social distancing

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