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Role of Carbon Substrates Added in the Transformation of Surplus nitrate to Organic nitrogen in a Calcareous Soil

Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 205-212页

作者： QIU Shao-Jun JU Xiao-Tang J.InGWERSEn GUO Zi-De C.F.STAnGE R.BISHARAT T.STRECK P.CHRISTIE ZHAnG Fu-Suo College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant nutrition and Fertilizer Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation University of Hohenheim Federal Institute for Geosciences and natural Resources Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute

Excessive amounts of nitrate have accumulated in many soils on the north China Plain due to the large amounts of chemical n fertilizers or manures used in combination with low carbon inputs. We investigated the potential of different carbon substrates added to transform soil nitrate into soil organic n （SOn）. A 56-d laboratory incubation experiment using the 15n tracer （K15nO3） technique was carried out to elucidate the proportion of SOn derived from accumulated soil nitrate following amendment with glucose or maize straw at controlled soil temperature and moisture. The dynamics and isotopic abundance of mineral n （nO3 and nH4＋） and SOn and greenhouse gas （n20 and CO2） emissions during the incubation were investigated. Although carbon amendments markedly stimulated transformation of nitrate to newly formed SOn, this was only a substitution effect of the newly formed SOn with native SOn because SOn at the end of the incubation period was not significantly different （P 〉 0.05） from that in control soil without added C. At the end of the incubation period, amendment with glucose, a readily available C source, increased nitrate immobilization by 2.65 times and total n20-n emission by 33.7 times, as compared with maize straw amendment. Moreover, the differences in SOn and total n20-n emission between the treatments with glucose and maize straw were significant （P 〈 0.05）. However, the total n20-n emission in the straw treatment was not significantly （P ~ 0.05） greater than that in the control. Straw amendment may be a potential option in agricultural practice for transformation of nitrate n to SOn and minimization of n20 emitted as well as restriction of nO3-n leaching.

关键词： available C source carbon amendments greenhouse gases n immobilization 15n tracer

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Decreased Soil nitrification Rate with Addition of Biochar to Acid Soils

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第10期18卷 1932-1934页

作者： Shiyu LI Xiangshu DOnG Dandan LIU Li LIU Feifei HE School of Agriculture Yunnan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Yunnan Agricultural University

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mixed biochar on the nitrification rate in acidic soils. A15 n tracer experiment with(15 nH4)2 SO4 was conducted to determine the nitrification rates of 4 acidic agricultural soils with p H 4.03-6.02 in Yunnan Province, Southern China. The accumulation of15 n-nO3-and nitrification rates decreased with the addition of biochar at the end of incubation, suggesting that biochar could be a nitrification inhibitor in acidic fertilized soil. nitrification rates in soil with p H 4.03 were evidently lower than those in soil with p H 4.81-6.02 with or without biochar. Decreased nitrification rates were detected in the acidic soils with biochar. Soil p H controlled nitrification more than biochar in certain strongly acidic soils.

关键词： nitrification rate Biochar 15n tracer Acidic soil

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