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大脑MRI检查结果和认知功能的关系:动脉粥样硬化风险的社区研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 49-50页

作者： Mosley Jr. T.H. Knopman D.S. Catellier D.J. 张殿增 Department of Medicine (Geriatrics) University of Mississippi Medical Center 2500 North State Street Jackson MS 39216-4505 United States Dr.

Objective: To examine the association between prevalent cerebral abnormalitie s identified on MRI and cognitive functioning in a predominantly middle- aged, population- based study cohort. Methods: Cerebral MRI was performed on 1,538 in dividuals (aged 55 to 72) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) co hort, with no history of stroke or TIA, at study sites in Forsyth County, NC, an d Jackson, MS. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs)- , ventricular size, and su lcal size were graded by trained neuroradiologists on a semiquantitative, 10- p oint scale. Cognitive functioning was assessed using the Delayed Word Recall Tes t (DWRT), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Word Fluency Test (WFT). Re sults: High ventricular grade was independently associated with significantly lo wer scores on the DWRT and DSST and greater risk (odds ratio [OR] 2.32, 95% co nfidence interval [CI] 1.51 to 3.56) of impaired scores (i.e., < 10th percentile ) on the DWRT. High sulcal grade was associated with a modest decrement in score s on the DWRT. The presence of coexisting high grade WMHs and silent infarcts wa s independently associated with lower scores on all cognitive tests and greater risk of impaired functioning on the DSST (OR 2.91, 95% CI: 1.23 to 6.89) and W FT (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.03 to 5.08). The presence of two or more high- grade ab normalities was as sociated with increased risk of impaired functioning on all cognitive tests ( DWRT: OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.40 to 3.55; DSST: OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.76; WFT: OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.49) independent of multiple covariates and silent i nfarcts. Conclusion: Common changes in brain morphology are associated with dimi nished cognitive functioning in middle- aged and young- elderly individuals.

关键词：认知功能 MRI检查结果社区研究队列研究异常发生率中央沟放射科医师流畅度无症状点量表

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评定量表是大学教师评价的重要工具

高等教育研究 1988年第2期 92-96页

作者：陈孝大华东师范大学研究生

根据美国70年代和80年代对各大学系主任的调查,美国大多数公私立大学在评价教师时使用的是评定量表(Rating Scales)。美国10所名牌大学评价其教师时也是使用评定量表。据了解,国内在进行大学教师评价试点时也是使用评定量表。什么是评... 详细信息

根据美国70年代和80年代对各大学系主任的调查,美国大多数公私立大学在评价教师时使用的是评定量表(Rating Scales)。美国10所名牌大学评价其教师时也是使用评定量表。据了解,国内在进行大学教师评价试点时也是使用评定量表。什么是评定量表?为什么评价大学教师要如此借重于评定量表?评价大学教师的评定量表有哪些种类?如何编制评价大学教师的评定量表?本文试图对此作些评介。

关键词：大学教师编制学业成绩评定量表心理量表领域点量表教师评价

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成就动机与中学生流畅体验关系的研究

福建教育 2016年第44期24卷 43-44页

作者：何克强福州市第十中学

成就动机是一个人对于自己所认为重要的或有价值的事情乐意去做,并力求获得成功的一种内在动力。在运动心理学中,流畅状态是运动经验中的重要部分,优秀运动员在训练或比赛中的某些时段内会体验流畅状态。澳大利亚学者Jackson认为流畅状... 详细信息

成就动机是一个人对于自己所认为重要的或有价值的事情乐意去做,并力求获得成功的一种内在动力。在运动心理学中,流畅状态是运动经验中的重要部分,优秀运动员在训练或比赛中的某些时段内会体验流畅状态。澳大利亚学者Jackson认为流畅状态是指伴随着运动员的技能与所要求的挑战相符的心理状态,是运动员全身心地投入比赛中出现的一种积极的体验状态,并将其界定为一种最佳体验状态。

关键词：运动心理学成就动机动作难度心理状态负相关自主感完成质量多因素方差分析点量表显著性差异

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好人与帅哥,谁会抱得美人归?

大众心理学 2016年第9期 41-42页

作者：李欧华中师范大学心理学院

在这个看脸的世界,长得不帅还能找到理想的对象吗？我们通常会赋予相貌以非常高的权重。但是别灰心,在俘获女性芳心这件事儿上,有一件＂法宝＂连颜值也得甘拜下风。近日一项研究发现,如果男性身上带有明显的利他品质,那么这种品质就能... 详细信息

在这个看脸的世界,长得不帅还能找到理想的对象吗？我们通常会赋予相貌以非常高的权重。但是别灰心,在俘获女性芳心这件事儿上,有一件＂法宝＂连颜值也得甘拜下风。近日一项研究发现,如果男性身上带有明显的利他品质,那么这种品质就能有效弥补其在颜值上的不足。所谓利他,指的是一种能使别人获得方便或好处,而自己却没有任何回报的助人行为。

关键词：男人不坏性偏好进化心理学其在雷利部分解释点量表演化均衡恋爱关系伍斯特

退伍军人事务部低视力视觉功能调查表的心理测试性能

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 37-37页

作者： Stelmack J.A. Szlyk J.P. Stelmack T.R. 王媛 Blind Rehabilitation Center (124) Edward Hines Hospital Hines IL 60141 United States

PURPOSE. To describe psychometric properties of a self- report questionnaire, the Veterans Affairs (VA) Low- Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire (LV VFQ- 48), which was designed to measure the difficulty visually impaired persons have performing daily activities and to evaluate low- vision outcomes. METHODS. The VA LV VFQ- 48 was administered by telephone interview to subjects with visual acuity ranging from near normal to total blindness at five sites in the VA and private sector. Rasch analysis with the Andrich rating scale model was applied to difficulty ratings from 367 subjects, to evaluate measurement properties of the instrument. RESULTS. High intercenter correlations for item measure estimates (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICCAbstract=0.97) justified pooling the data from these sites. The person measure fit statistics (mean square residuals) confirm that the data fit the assumptions of the model. The item measure fit statistics indicate that responses to 19% of the items were confounded by factors other than visual ability. The separation reliabilities for pooled data (0.94 for persons and 0.98 for items) demonstrate that the estimated measures discriminate persons and items well along the visual ability dimension. ICCs for test- retest data (0.98 for items and 0.84 for persons) confirm temporal stability. Subjects used the rating categories in the same way at all five centers. Ratings of slight and moderate difficulty were used interchangeably, suggesting that the instrument could be modified to a 4- point scale including not difficult, slightly/moderately difficult, extremely difficult, and impossible. Fifty additional subjects were administered the questionnaire with a 4- point scale to confirm that the scale was used in the same way when there were four rather than five difficulty ratings. CONCLUSIONS. The VA LV VFQ- 48 is valid and reliable and has the range and precision necessary to measure visual ability of low- vision patients with modera

关键词：低视力视觉功能心理测试事务部测量项目视敏度组内相关系数临床环境点量表评定量表

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非英语专业大学生英语学习自主性调查与分析

时代文学（下半月） 2007年第5期 53-53页

作者：孔莹李景环石家庄经济学院外国语学院

1、调查方法本研究采用书面问卷调查方式,问卷的设计参考了Spratte et al(2002);高鹏、张学忠(2005)。考虑到非英语专业学生的特点,问卷采用中文,分5个部分,前四部分全部采用里克特5点量表,区分了"很不同意"(=5)、"不同意"(=4)、"没有... 详细信息

1、调查方法本研究采用书面问卷调查方式,问卷的设计参考了Spratte et al(2002);高鹏、张学忠(2005)。考虑到非英语专业学生的特点,问卷采用中文,分5个部分,前四部分全部采用里克特5点量表,区分了"很不同意"(=5)、"不同意"(=4)、"没有明确看法"(=3)、"同意"(=2)、"非常同意"(=1)。第一部分在学习计划方面;第二部分针对学习方法和学习安排;第三部分主要在观点方面;第四部分是学习者对自己自主学习能力的认识;第五部分是开放式问题,要求参与调查者针对自己的情况简要做答。

关键词：大学生英语学习英语专业问卷调查方式开放式问题点量表策略教学大学英语改革语音室调查数据里克特

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疲劳是否是帕金森病患者独立而持久的症状

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 31-31页

作者： Alves G. Wentzel-Larsen T. Larsen J.P. 李一明 Department of Neurology Rogaland Central Hospital Postboks 8100 N-4068 Stavanger Norway Dr.

Objective: To evaluate if mental fatigue is a symptom that appears independen tly from other clinical features in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), and to study if fatigue is persistent over time in these patients. Methods: In 1993, 2 33 patients with PD were included in a community-based study of fatigue and fo llowed prospectively over 8 years. Fatigue was measured by a combination of a se ven-point scale and parts of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) at baseline a nd after 4 and 8 years. In addition, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was used t o evaluate fatigue in 2001. Population-averaged logistic regression models for correlated data were performed to study the relationship between fatigue and va rious demographic and clinical variables. Results: In patients who were followed throughout the 8-year study period, fatigue increased from 35.7% in 1993 to 42.9% in 1997 and 55.7% in 2001. Fatigue was related to disease progression , depression, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). However, the prevalence of fatigue in patients without depression and EDS remained high and increased from 32.1% to 38.9% during the study period. For about 44% of the patients wit h fatigue the presence of this symptom varied during the study period, as it was persistent in 56% of the patients with fatigue. Conclusions: The authors conf irmed the high prevalence of mental fatigue in patients with Parkinson disease ( PD). Fatigue is related to other non-motor features such as depression and exc essive daytime sleepiness, but cannot be explained by this comorbidity alone. In more than half of the patients mental fatigue is persistent and seems to be an independent symptom that develops parallel to the progressive neurodegenerative disorder of PD.

关键词：帕金森病郁症关联数神经元变性严重度诺丁汉点量表联合运用回归模型