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酒渣鼻和化妆品及外用药剂引起的接触性变态反应——回顾性分析了1995/2002年的多中心监测资料

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 48-49页

作者： Jappe U. Schnuch A. Uter W. 惠海英 Dept. of Dermatology and Venereology University of Heidelberg Vosstrasse 2 69115 Heidelberg Germany Dr.

The role of contact allergy in rosacea has rarely been investigated. In this retrospective study, 361 out of 76 697 patients tested and documented by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology between 1995 and 2002 had rosacea. Patch tests included standard series and constituents of cosmetics and topical medicaments. 118/361 had additionally been patch tested with their own cosmetics/medicaments. Positive reactions occurred to nickel (II) sulfate in 9.3% , fragrance mix in 8.8% , thimerosal in 6.9% , Myroxylon pereirae resin in 5.9% , potassium dichromate in 4.6% and propolis in 2.8% . Whereas rosacea patients had a significantly high er risk of contactallergy to propolis compared to the remaining patients, in an age- and sex- adjustedanalysis,contactallergy to nickel was significantly less frequent in this group. For Lyral., the risk was elevated, albeit not significantly. Only 2/329 patients were positive to neomycin sulfate and 1/100 to gentamicin sulfate, among the panel of (topical) antibiotics tested. Among 118 patients tested with their own products, 3 were tested to metronidazole, 1 reacting positively. Irritant or doubtful patch test reactions were provoked by various substances (vehicles, oxidants and preservatives of various creams), which might also be clinically important, considering the heightened sensitivity of rosaceous skin.

关键词：接触性变态反应斑贴试验监测资料阳性反应硫酸镍树脂反应皮肤病学硫柳汞新铃兰醛硫酸新霉素

经常使用睫毛染料导致对苯二胺接触性变态反应

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 44-45页

作者： Teixeira M. De Wachter L. Ronsyn E. Goossens A. 张路坤 Department of Dermatology Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenKapucijnenvoer 33B-3000Belgium Prof.

We present the case of a 30-year-old atopic lady with a known history of intolerance to several materials,including dark stockings,who developed a severe dermatitis on the eyelids and peri-orbital regions,as well as a conjunctivitis after having her eyelashes tinted by a beautician with a permanent black eyelash and eyebrow dye(Combinal,Dr Temt Laboratories,Austria).Patch tests revealed positive reactions to para-phenylenediamine(PPD),both diluted 0.01%and 1%in pet.,to the eyelash dye(tested semiopen as is)and to some of the azodyes *** permanent eyelash dye did contain PPD,the use of which is illegal but seems to be a common *** patient had most probably been sensitized through nylon stockings containing azo-dyes,with PPD itself cross-reacting to *** the growth in popularity of tattooing and permanent make-up,doctors should be aware of the new uses of this old ***,although many manufacturers have made great efforts to improve cosmetics concerning their safety,some of them remain uninformed about cosmetic legislation or do not respect it at *** many of these products are acquired via internet,lack of legislation about this shopping modality is also a serious problem.

关键词：接触性变态反应对苯二胺斑贴试验特应性体质眶周开放性测试致敏原阳性反应持久性中含

1995/2002间德国儿童和青少年接触性变态反应的发病率:结果来源于皮肤科网络和接触性皮炎研究组的信息

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 60-61页

作者： Heine G. Schnuch A. Uter W. Worm M. 党倩丽

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) affects approximately 7%of the general population. To evaluate the frequency of ACD in children,we analysed patch test results collected by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology between 1995 and 2002. Data of 285 children (6-12 year) and 2175 adolescent patients (13-18 year) were analysed to determine the frequency of sensitization to the 30 most common contact allergens,adjusting for age and sex. As control group,we defined adult patients (60-66 year,n=7904). The top allergens in children were thimerosal,gentamicin sulphate,nickel-II-sulphate,ammoniated mercury,cobalt-II-chloride,fragrance mix,bufexamac,Compositae mix,propylene glycol and turpentine. The overall proportion of sensitized patients according to the patch test results was 52.6%in the children group compared to 49.7%in the adolescent group. These findings were similar in the adult group at 52.2%. The detailed analysis regarding sex,occupation,atopy,site of eczema and age showed distinct patterns in each group indicating age-specific exposures. Atopy-related diseases were more common in children compared to adults. On the basis of the data of this study,the relationship between atopy and the risk of development of ACD,at least in children,needs further investigation.

关键词：接触性变态反应接触性变应原斑贴试验白降汞丁苯羟酸硫酸庆大霉素致敏率硫酸镍氯化钴二价

慢性静脉性腿部溃疡患者的接触性变态反应——慢性静脉功能不全的可能作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 46-47页

作者： Zmudzinska M. Czarnecka-Operacz M. Silny W. Kramer L. 罗素菊 Department of Dermatology University of Medical Sciences ul. Przybyszewskiego 49 Poznan 60-355 Poland

The purpose of this study was to evaluate frequency of contact allergy in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLU) and to estimate possible relationships between allergic contact reactions and characteristics of both chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and *** performed patch tests with the European standard series, antibiotics, glucocorticosteroids and ointment vehicles in 50 patients with CVLU. Patients underwent detailed CVI diagnostics using colour flow duplex ultrasound examination, ankle brachial pressure index determination and leg ulcers area measurement. Positive patch tests results were found in 80% and polyvalent allergy in 56% of patients. Statistically significant correlations were recorded between CVI and CVLU duration, CVLU duration and CVLU area and between CVI duration and polyvalent allergy frequency. Statistically significant differences were observed between coexistence of superficial and deep system insufficiency and CVLU duration, characteristics of contact allergic reactions and CVI duration, frequency of allergic contact reaction and presence or absence of long saphenous vein insufficiency, incidences of vein thrombosis and characteristics of contact allergic reactions as well as between characteristics of contact allergic reactions and both CVLU duration and area. Complex pathophysiological processes, including inflammatory reactions, in course of CVI may influence development of allergic contact reaction in CVLU patients.

关键词：接触性变态反应静脉性深静脉功能不全斑贴试验隐静脉多价变态反应软膏基质静脉血栓形成标准

化妆品说明书中接触性变态反应的顺从性:一种定性研究方案

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 26-26页

作者： Noiesen E. Larsen K. Agner T. 田中伟 Natl. Allerg. Res. Ctr. Consum. P. Department of Dermatology Gentofte Hospital 2900 Hellerup Denmark

Elimination of the allergen is an effective remedy in allergic contact dermatitis. When contact allergy to a preservative is diagnosed, the patient is instructed to read the labelling of contents and to avoid the use of products containing the allergens. The present study, using qualitative research methods, was performed to examine how socially different groups of patients handle everyday life with allergic contact dermatitis caused by preservatives in consumer products. 8 women were interviewed about reading the ingredient labelling on cosmetic products. Observational studies were carried out as well. The study illustrates that the patients experienced problems when trying to read the labelling of contents. The problems were related to social status and ranged from not being able to read the chemical names of the preservatives to doubting the accuracy of the ingredient labelling. The study indicates that non-compliance with instructions on reading the ingredient labelling is not only a question of patients’lack of knowledge, but also the result of patients not possessing the resources necessary to act in accordance with the medical instructions. The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to apply qualitative research methods to contact dermatitis. The study points out interesting observations about social status and resources in relation to compliance. Further research on this area is necessary to expose the extent of the problem.

关键词：接触性变态反应定性研究顺从性日常消费品性过敏产品说明产品成分社会地位救治措施医学指导

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关于人工甲的接触性变态反应的筛选

世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 47-47页

作者： Constandt L. Hecke E.V. Naeyaert J.-M. Goossens A. 惠海英 Dept. Dermatol. Allerg. Prof. S. University Hospital De Pintelaan 185 B- 9000 Ghent Belgium Dr.

27 patients (26 women and 1 man), all in contact with artificial nails, were tested for acrylic compounds, known to be present in nail cosmetics. The patch test results obtained in these patients demonstrated that 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate were the only 2 allergens needed to diagnose contact allergy to acrylic-containing nail cosmetics, except for 1 patient who reacted only to her nail preparation used and in which we were unable to identify the allergen. This concerns clearly a limited number of patients. The purpose was, however, to detect the most valuable allergen(s) to be used in a dermatologist’ s practice, in which not all possible allergens can be tested, in order to diagnose such cases.

关键词：接触性变态反应斑贴试验羟乙基性过敏异丁烯酸氰基丙烯酸酯致敏原临床医师

海洛因(二酯吗啡)引起的接触性变态反应及呼吸道/黏膜症状

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 44-44页

作者： Hogen Esch A.J. Van Der Heide S. Van Den Brink W. P.J. Coenraads 罗素菊 Dermatology UMCG POBox 30001 9700 RB Groningen Netherlands

After the start of heroin (diacetylmorphine)-assisted treatment to a selected group of chronic treatment-resistant heroin-dependent patients in the Netherlands,we reported about work-related eczema and positive patch tests to heroin in some nurses and nasal and respiratory complaints. To investigate the prevalence of heroin contact allergy,we started a questionnaire-based study with follow-up by allergological examinations. Of 120 questionnaires sent, 101 (84% ) was returned: 67 from nurses and 34 from other employees. Of 101 workers, 38 (38% ) had reported work-related complaints: 33 of 67 (49% ) nurses and 5 of 34 (15% ) other employees. Patch tests to heroin were performed in 24 nurses and were positive in 8 (33% ). All the 8 had eyelid or facial eczema and, in 6, accompanied by mucosal or respiratory complaints. The prevalence of heroin contact allergy in this study was 8% (8/101) among all employees and 12% (8/67) among nurses. Respiratory and mucosal complaints could not be ascribed to a contact allergy, and in these cases, serum was analysed for specific immunoglobulin E to heroin. A type 1 allergy to heroin could not be shown. These complaints are possibly due to the histamine-liberating effect of heroin, to atopic constitution, to a combination of these factors or less likely to other non-allergic factors.

关键词：接触性变态反应海洛因依赖斑贴试验二酯过敏性体质敏学组胺释放 Ⅰ型变态反应特异性

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乙二醛引发的职业性接触性变态反应

世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 42-42页

作者： Aalto-Korte K. MM. al. akel¨E.A. Huttunen et 潘敏 Section of Dermatology Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A FI-00250 Helsinki Finland

Glyoxal is a dialdehyde that is used as a disinfectant in health care and dentistry work. Allergic contact dermatitis from glyoxal has been described in these occupations. We analysed our patient data from 1998 to 2004 for allergic reactions to glyoxal. 20 patients had allergic reactions to glyoxal on patch testing. 5 of these patients worked in dentistry and 4 of them had present exposure to glyoxal. 9 patients were machinists without obvious exposure to glyoxal. A grinder with work-related facial dermatitis is described in detail. The chemical analysis of air samples from his workplace revealed 9.4-21 μg/m3 glyoxal. Glyoxal was also present in the used metal-working fluid, and apparently it had been formed during grinding. The remaining 6 patients worked in miscellaneous occupations and had no present exposure to glyoxal. Glyoxal is irritant on patch testing. Especially, solitary reactions to glyoxal 10%in aq. may be false-positive irritant reactions. 9 (45%) of our patients reacted to formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde. Glyoxal is an important allergen in dentistry and medical care, and we recommend it to be added to the antimicrobial patch test series. It also seems to be a ‘hidden’allergen in the metal industry.

关键词：接触性变态反应乙二醛斑贴试验面部皮炎空气样本金属加工液研磨过程刺激反应假阳性口腔医学

基因转录产物作为变态反应性接触性皮炎的潜在诊断指征

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 52-53页

作者： Hansen M.B Skov L MennéT Olsen J 谱敏 National Allergy Research Centre for Consumer Products Ledreborg Allé40 DK-2820 Gentofte Denmark

The standard procedure for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis is to perform a patch test. Because this has several disadvantages, the development of a new in vitro test system would be of immense value. Gene transcripts that distinguish allergies from non-allergies may have the potential to serve as the molecular basis for such a diagnostic tool. In this study, we use the microarray technology in the identification of differentially expressed genes in allergen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 3 chromium-allergic patients versus 3 healthy controls. Using an Affymetrix GeneChip., the gene expression was analysed in PBMC cultures grown with 100 μg/ml CrCl3 or in media alone for 24 hr. A total of 26 genes were differentially expressed by more than twofold (P < 0.01) in allergen-activated PBMCs from patients compared with controls. 18 of these were upregulated, whereas 8 were downregulated. The expression of 1 downregulated gene, CASP8, was also found specifically and significantly reduced in an expanded population including 4 additional chromium allergic patients and 1 additional control subject by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The expression of 2 upregulated genes, ETS2 and CISH, correlated with a high-proliferative response following CrCl3 exposure. Additionally, real-time RT-PCR analysis indicated that the same gene expression changes are valid for nickel allergies, potentially making the expression profile more widely available. The 26 differentially expressed genes identified in this study may potentially function as diagnostic markers for contact sensitivity.

关键词：接触性变态反应转录产物基因表达变化斑贴试验基因芯片分析外周血单核细胞过敏患者多聚酶链反应差异表达体外试验