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从协同增效角度看组合物实施例和对比例的撰写

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专利代理 2024年第2期 87-92页

作者：蒋亮珠应小波上海科盛知识产权代理有限公司上海200030

协同增效的事实认定是化学组合物领域专利实质审查中重要的一步,文章通过两个具体案例探讨了如何通过实施例和对比例来证明组合物确实产生了协同增效。发明人在设置协同实验时,一般需在保持组合物总用量不变的情况下,对比含有全部关键... 详细信息

协同增效的事实认定是化学组合物领域专利实质审查中重要的一步,文章通过两个具体案例探讨了如何通过实施例和对比例来证明组合物确实产生了协同增效。发明人在设置协同实验时,一般需在保持组合物总用量不变的情况下,对比含有全部关键组分或仅含其中一种或几种关键组分的效果,同时,在效果验证时,应尽可能详实描述实验的具体过程和结果,并保留原始实验数据记录。

关键词：化学组合物协同实验协同增效创造性

Increased working voltage of hexamine-coated porous carbon for supercapacitors

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Science Bulletin 2015年第18期60卷 1587-1597页

作者： Stephanie L.Candelaria Guozhong Cao Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington

Highly porous carbon, both unmodified and hexamine-coated on the pore surfaces, is tested at high working voltages in organic electrolyte for supercapacitors in order to enhance the energy density and power density.Sol–gel processing allows for excellent control of the porous structure and chemical composition of carbon,resulting in a material with high surface area and a low level of impurities. This porous carbon can be modified using a simple solution-based method to enhance capacitance. Increasing the working voltage from 2.0 to 3.0 V significantly improves performance for both unmodified and hexamine-coated carbon. The energy density and power density increase at higher working voltage, and under certain conditions, the capacitance increases as well.Cyclic stability is also investigated, with hexamine-coated carbon retaining more of its initial capacitance than unmodified carbon at all working voltages.

关键词：超级电容器工作电压乌洛托品多孔碳高能量密度功率密度有机电解液化学组合物

Sources and migration path of chemical compositions in a karst groundwater system during rainfall events

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第20期58卷 2488-2496页

作者： YANG PingHeng YUAN DaoXian YE XuChun XIE ShiYou CHEN XueBin LIU ZiQi School of Geographical Sciences Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Ministry of Education Southwest University The Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Physical and chemical dynamics at Jiangjia Spring (JJS), the outlet of the Qingmuguan karst groundwater system in Chongqing, were monitored in situ during rainfall events to acquire a series of high-resolution data. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to identify the sources of chemical compositions in the karst groundwater. The coefficients of variations (CVs) of the physical and chemical data of JJS were utilized to interpret the migration path of the chemical compositions. The results showed that water-rock interactions, agricultural activities, and soil erosion were the main sources of the groundwater chemical compositions. Ions of potassium, sodium, nitrate, chloride and phosphate from agricultural activities together with ions of calcium, magnesium, strontium and bicarbonate derived from carbonate dissolution appear to be stored and regulated by the karst unsaturated zone in features such as fissures, pores and solution cracks. The concentrations of the ions remained relatively stable and they showed low CVs owing to their migration by diffuse flow to recharge the underground river. In contrast, concentrations of ions such as total iron, total manganese and aluminum from soil erosion were unstable and showed high CVs owing to their migration by overland flow to recharge the underground river directly via sinkholes. During heavy rainfall events, the nutrients from agricultural activities and sediment from soil erosion could quickly impair the aquatic ecosystem and pose serious threats to water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce management of the ecological system for better control of the influx of mass nutrients into the karst aquifer system.

关键词：地下水系统水化学成分迁移路径事件岩溶降雨水生生态系统化学组合物

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中国专利集锦（六）

天然产物分离 2005年第3期3卷 33-38页

高喜树碱类化合物及其制备方法和用途；一种高效分离制备高纯度紫杉醇半合成前体的方法；通过选择性胼解多种紫杉烷制备10-DABⅢ的有性方法；抗恶性肿瘤南柴胡萃取物的制备方法；用于治疗癌的新草本化学组合物。

关键词：中国专利制备方法碱类化合物化学组合物分离制备恶性肿瘤半合成紫杉醇

Spectroscopic Analysis of Structural Transformation in Biodiesel Oxidation

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2013年第3期15卷 28-32页

作者： Wu Jiang Chen Boshui Fang Jianhua Wang Jiu Department of Petrochemistry Logistical Engineering University

The oxidation behavior of three biodiesels of different origins,viz.rapeseed oil derived biodiesel,soybean oil derived biodiesel and waste oil based biodiesel,were tested on an oxidation tester.The chemical compositions of the biodiesels were characterized by gas chromatography.Thereafter,the structural transformation of fatty acid methyl ester(FAME)of the biodiesels was analyzed by an infrared spectrometer and an ultraviolet absorption spectrometer.The results demonstrated that the oxidation behavior of biodiesels of different origins was closely related to the composition and distribution of FAMEs.Higher concentration of unsaturated FAME with multi-double bonds exhibited poorer oxidation resistance.Furthermore,cis-trans isomerization transformation occurred in the unsaturated FAME molecules and conjugated double-bond produced during the oxidation process of biodiesel.Greater cis-trans variations corresponded to deeper oxidation degree.The higher the content of unsaturated FAME with multi-double bonds in a biodiesel,the more the conjugated double bonds was formed.

关键词：生物柴油氧化行为结构转变光谱分析脂肪酸甲酯共轭双键化学组合物气相色谱法

The Degradation and Pollution of Soils on the Territory of the Kovykta Gas Condensate Field

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2013年第2期3卷 131-137页

作者： Irina Aleksandrovna Belozertseva Laboratory of Geochemistry of Landscapes and Geography of Soil V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography Siberian Branch of theRussian Academy of Sciences Irkutsk 664033 Russia

In this paper, research results from the time interval 2002-2012 are used to give an account of the chemical composition of soils on the territory of the Kovykta gas condensate field. The findings presented provide a better understanding of the ecological state of soil cover, its resilience to anthropogenic impacts, and its possible disturbance caused by the drilling pad construction activity, and by the laying of geophysical profiles. An analysis of soil pollution for the study territory generally showed that the soils are polluted with chemical elements which refer to toxicity classes: Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Ba and Mn. High levels of oil products were detected near boreholes. Strong mineralization was recorded in the soil near borehole. It has a chloride-sodium chemical composition. As a result of the construction of foundation pits, recesses, ditches and earth embankments, the soil is totally destroyed, and rock outcrops show up. Disturbances of the sod cover due to road construction or even by all-terrain vehicles in these extreme conditions entail an accelerated development of linear erosion to form scours and gullies. Elimination of the canopy layer leads to an increase in surface heating, and to an acceleration of permafrost thawing. Swamping is accelerated on negative relief forms due to the increased entry of melt waters.

关键词：土壤退化土壤污染凝析气田地球物理剖面金化学组合物永久冻土层研究成果

Transmutations by Nanosecond Electromagnetic Impulses

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 211-217页

作者： Valeriy Vadlmovlch Krymskiy Vladimir Fedorovich Balakirev Natalia Valereyvna Plotnikova Energy Department South Ural State University Chelyabinsk 454080 Russia Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Separation of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ekaterinburg 620016 Russia Computer Engineering Control and Communication Department South Ural State University Chelyabinsk 454080 Russia

Some experiments on radiation of hydrocarbons and the alloys including Bismuth and Lead by power nanosecond electromagnetic pulses are described. The list of the used equipment and technique of experiments are given. The result of these experiences is change of a chemical composition of the irradiated samples in comparison with the initial ones. Conversion of part of Bismuth to Lead is observed. The hypothesis of such changes is made.

关键词：电磁脉冲纳秒碳氢化合物化学组合物实验技术

Analysis of Chemical Components of Longjing Teas Prepared Using Various Tea Varieties

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茶叶 2013年第4期39卷 264-266页

作者： Mei-Juan Wu Qiang Miao Jian-Hua Chen Guo-Fang Yang Zhi-Cheng Xu Fuyang Gaoqiao Agricultural Service Center Fuyang Agriculture Bureau Fuyang Xindeng Agriculture Office

Longjing tea is a famous tea in China and it is major green tea products produced in Zhejiang Province.There are 3 kinds of Longjing tea(Xihu Longjing,Qiantang Longjing and Yuezhou Longjing) according to their producing areas.Qiantang Longjing tea in Fuyang City is usually produced using materials picked from tea varieties Longjing-43,Jiukeng and Wuniuzao.Chemical composition is important indicator for identifying quality and authenticity.Longjing tea samples were collected from tea gardens of tea varieties Longjing-43,Jiukeng and Wuniuzao were detected.It showed that chemical composition of tea samples prepared using the three varieties were quite similar.However,level of gallic acid decreased with picking time except for Wuniuzao,and caffeine and total catechins increased with increase in altitude.

关键词：化学成分分析茶树品种龙井茶茶叶化学组合物西湖龙井采摘时间茶产品

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丸粒配制

辽宁医药 2001年第1期16卷 41-41页

作者： Y·杜期尼美国宾夕法尼亚