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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1779-1780页

作者： Thomas A.Ryan David A.Tumbarello Institute of Systems Molecular&Integrative BiologyFaculty of Health&Life SciencesNuffield WingSherrington BuildingUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Biological Sciences Life Science Building 85University of SouthamptonHighfield CampusSouthamptonUK

Mitochondria are well known for their function in energy production;however they also play a crucial role in phospholipid transfer, inflammation, calcium balance and cell death, positioning them as a central regulator of cellular homeostasis. The cell therefore relies on quality control mechanisms to limit mitochondrial damage and the production of harmful reactive oxygen species(ROS).

关键词： homeostasis damage limit

The capsid revolution

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第11期15卷 1-11页

作者： Ian A.Taylor Ariberto Fassati Macromolecular Structure Laboratory The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK Division of Infection and Immunity University College LondonLondon WC1E 6JFUK Institute of Immunity and Transplantation University College LondonLondon NW32PPUK

Lenacapavir,targeting the human immunodeficiency virus type-1(HIV-1)capsid,is the first-in-class antiretroviral drug recently approved for clinical *** development of Lenacapavir is attributed to the remarkable progress in our understanding of the capsid protein made during the last few *** little more than a component of the virus shell to be shed early during infection,the capsid has been found to be a key player in the HIV-1 life cycle by interacting with multiple host factors,entering the nucleus,and directing ***,we describe the key advances that led to this‘capsid revolution’.

关键词： HIV-1 capsid CPSF6 Lenacapavir integration IP6 nucleus reverse transcription

Accuracy of a new rapid diagnostic test for urinary antigen detection and assessment of drug treatment in opisthorchiasis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 79-90页

作者： Chanika Worasith Jiraporn Sithithaworn Phattharaphon Wongphutorn Chutima Homwong Kanoknan Khongsukwiwat Anchalee Techasen Kulthida Y.Kopolrat Watcharin Loilome Nisana Namwat Bandit Thinkamrop Chaiwat Tawarungruang Attapol Titapun Thewarach Laha Ross H.Andrews Simon D.Taylor‑Robinson Paiboon Sithithaworn Department of Adult Nursing Faculty of NursingKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Biomedical Science Program Graduate SchoolKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Faculty of Public Health Kasetsart University Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province CampusSakon NakhonThailand Department of Systems Biosciences and Computational Medicine Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Khon Kaen University Phenome Centre Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Faculty of Public HealthKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Depart‑ment of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand Faculty of Medicine St Mary’s CampusImperial College LondonLondonUK Division of Digestive Health Department of Surgery and Can‑cerImperial College LondonLondonUK

Background Screening for opisthorchiasis,a parasitic worm infection affecting many millions of people in Southeast Asia,has traditionally relied on faecal egg examination such as the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique(FECT)and Kato-Katz *** the urinary enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)has been used more recently,we developed a urinary antigen-based rapid diagnostic test(RDT)to simplify diagnosis and as a point-of-care testing(POCT)and field applications for surveillance and control of *** A urinaryOpisthorchis viverrini(OV)-RDT was developed using immunochromatographic methodology with a specific monoclonal antibody against *** diagnostic performance of the urinary OV-RDT was compared to that of quantitative faecal FECT and urinary antigen ELISA(n=493).Cross-reactivities of urinary OV-RDT with other helminthiases coexisted *** were determined(n=96).A field trial in the application of urinary OV-RDT was compared with urinary antigen ELISA at baseline screening and assessment of drug treatment outcomes in opisthorchiasis(n=1629).The McNemar chi-square,Kruskal-Wallis and Cohen’s kappa coefficient(κ-value)tests were used for statistical *** Urinary OV-RDT had sensitivity of 94.2%and specificity of 93.2%,compared to faecal *** OV-RDT had high diagnostic agreement(Kappa=0.842-0.874,P0.8,P<0.0001)between urinary OV-RDT and urinary antigen *** cure rates of opisthorchiasis at 1 month post-praziq

关键词： Liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini Urinary antigen detection Urinary Opisthorchis viverrini rapid diagnosis test Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique

Identification of the preferentially targeted proteins by carbamylation during whole lens incubation by using radio-labelled potassium cyanate and mass spectrometry

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2010年第2期3卷 104-111页

作者： John J Harding Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology University of OxfordJohn Radcliffe HospitalHeadingtonOxfordUK

AIMTo attempt to identify the primary targets of carbamylation in bovine lenses incubated under physiological condition.

关键词： carbamylation cyanate cataract identification lens mass spectrometry post-translational modification ξ-crystallin

Between the Living and the Dead： Trauma Medicine and Forensic Medicine in the Mid-Qing

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Frontiers of History in China 2015年第1期10卷 38-73页

作者： Yi-Li Wu EAST medicine University of Westminster London W1W 6UW UK

This paper analyzes the influence of forensic medicine on therapeutic medicine through a case study of Qian Xiuchang and Hu Tingguang, two Chinese doctors who specialized in treating traumatic injuries. During the early nineteenth century, both men compiled medical treatises that sought to improve on a scholarly model of ＂rectifying bones＂ articulated in 1742 by the Imperially-Compiled Golden Mirror of the Medical Lineage. Both texts also incorporated information from forensic medicine, including official inquest diagrams and checklists promulgated by the Qing government. I show that they drew on these forensic materials to help address two interlinked medical issues： understanding the effects of injury on different parts of the body, and clarifying the location and form of the body＇s bones. Overall, I suggest that the exchange of ideas between the realm of therapeutic medicine and forensic medicine was an important epistemological strategy that doctors and officials alike employed to improve their knowledge of the material body.

关键词： forensics trauma medicine Qing medicine bone-setting QianXiuchang Hu Tingguang Yuzuan Yizong jinjian Xi yuan jilu

气候变化情景下中国因高温造成的劳动生产力损失预估

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Science Bulletin 2023年第22期68卷 2827-2837,M0006页

作者：程亮亮谷魁英赵亮王会滨纪思翰刘钊黄建斌陈艺丹高学杰徐影王灿罗勇蔡闻佳宫鹏梁万年黄存瑞 School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmosphere Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Linkong Economics and Management Beijing Institute of Economics and ManagementBeijing 100102China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100084China Climate Change Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Earth Sciences and Department of Geography University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Institute of Healthy Chin1 Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

气候变化背景下,高温会影响职业人群的工作效率并造成劳动生产力损失.本研究基于区域气候模式并采用本土化的暴露-反应函数,预估了未来气候变化情景下中国因高温造成的劳动时间损失.研究发现,与基线期的213亿小时高温相关劳动时间损失相... 详细信息

气候变化背景下,高温会影响职业人群的工作效率并造成劳动生产力损失.本研究基于区域气候模式并采用本土化的暴露-反应函数,预估了未来气候变化情景下中国因高温造成的劳动时间损失.研究发现,与基线期的213亿小时高温相关劳动时间损失相比,到21世纪末在RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下,损失将分别增加-17.8%、10.8%及121.1%.损失主要集中在华南、华中和华东地区,其中广东与河南将占到全国总损失的四分之一.因为这些区域的温度将更高、人口更密集、户外工作者在总人群中的比例较大.与RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景相比,若能实现1.5℃温控目标,将分别能够避免11.8%、33.7%和53.9%的劳动时间损失,相当于避免了全中国21世纪中叶的0.1%、0.6%及1.4%的年均GDP损失.本研究显示未来气候变化会给中国造成严重的热相关劳动生产力损失,并强调亟需采取因地制宜的气候减缓及适应策略以保护职业人群健康.本研究对其他与中国相似的发展中国家同样具有重要意义.

关键词： Climate change Heat stress Labor Work hours lost Occupational health

Feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions against infectious diseases among crisis-affected populations: a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 8-26页

作者： Jonathan A.Polonsky Sangeeta Bhatia Keith Fraser Arran Hamlet Janetta Skarp Isaac J.Stopard Stéphane Hugonnet Laurent Kaiser Christian Lengeler Karl Blanchet Paul Spiegel World Health Organization GenevaSwitzerland Institute of Global Health Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologyImperial College LondonLondonUK Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics Imperial College LondonLondonUK Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Geneva Centre of Humanitarian Studies University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Center for Humanitarian Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreUSA

Background:Non-pharmaceutical interventions(NPIs)are a crucial suite of measures to prevent and control infectious disease *** being particularly important for crisis-affected populations and those living in informal settlements,who typically reside in overcrowded and resource limited settings with inadequate access to healthcare,guidance on NPI implementation rarely takes the specific needs of such populations into *** therefore conducted a systematic scoping review of the published evidence to describe the landscape of research and identify evidence gaps concerning the acceptability,feasibility,and effectiveness of NPIs among crisis-affected populations and informal ***:We systematically reviewed peer-reviewed articles published between 1970 and 2020 to collate available evidence on the feasibility,acceptability,and effectiveness of NPIs in crisis-affected populations and informal *** performed quality assessments of each study using a standardised *** analysed the data to produce descriptive summaries according to a number of categories:date of publication;geographical region of intervention;typology of crisis,shelter,modes of transmission,NPI,research design;study design;and study ***:Our review included 158 studies published in 85 peer-reviewed *** research used low quality study *** acceptability,feasibility,and effectiveness of NPIs was highly context *** general,simple and cost-effective interventions such as community-level environmental cleaning and provision of water,sanitation and hygiene services,and distribution of items for personal protection such as insecticide-treated nets,were both highly feasible and ***,financial,and human resource constraints affected both the implementation and sustainability of *** engagement emerged as a strong factor contributing to the effectiveness of ***,measures that involve po

关键词： Disease outbreaks Communicable disease control Prevention & control Vulnerable populations Warfare and armed conflicts Disasters Relief work Poverty areas

Inhibition of IL-11 signalling extends mammalian healthspan and lifespan

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第7期46卷 1635-1635页

作者： Anissa A Widjaja Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program Duke–National University of Singapore Medical School Singapore Singapore National Heart Research Institute Singapore National Heart Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine School of Science China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing China MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences London UK Barts Heart Centre Barts Health NHS Trust London UK Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) Berlin Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany Institute of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London UK Bone Biology and Disease Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research Melbourne Victoria Australia Department of Medicine St Vincent’s Hospital The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia

For healthspan and lifespan,ERK,AMPK and mTORC1 represent critical pathways and inflammation is a centrally important *** we examined whether IL-11,a pro-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-6 family,has a negative effect on age-associated disease and *** mice age,IL-11 is upregulated across cell types and tissues to regulate an ERK-AMPK-mTORC1 axis to modulate cellular,tissue-and organismal-level ageing *** of Il11 or Il11ra1 protects against metabolic decline,multi-morbidity and frailty in old age.

关键词： inflammation mTORC1 life

On Splitting Training and Validation Set:A Comparative Study of Cross-Validation,Bootstrap and Systematic Sampling for Estimating the Generalization Performance of Supervised Learning

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2018年第3期2卷 249-262页

作者： Yun Xu Royston Goodacre School of Chemistry Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of ManchesterManchester M17DNUK Department of Biochemistry Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolBiosciences BuildingCrown StreetLiverpool L697ZBUK

Model validation is the most important part of building a supervised *** building a model with good generalization performance one must have a sensible data splitting strategy,and this is crucial for model *** this study,we con-ducted a comparative study on various reported data splitting *** MixSim model was employed to generate nine simulated datasets with different probabilities of mis-classification and variable sample *** partial least squares for discriminant analysis and support vector machines for classification were applied to these *** splitting methods tested included variants of cross-validation,bootstrapping,bootstrapped Latin partition,Kennard-Stone algorithm(K-S)and sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distances algorithm(SPXY).These methods were employed to split the data into training and validation *** estimated generalization performances from the validation sets were then compared with the ones obtained from the blind test sets which were generated from the same distribution but were unseen by the train-ing/validation procedure used in model *** results showed that the size of the data is the deciding factor for the qualities of the generalization performance estimated from the validation *** found that there was a significant gap between the performance estimated from the validation set and the one from the test set for the all the data splitting methods employed on small *** disparity decreased when more samples were available for training/validation,and this is because the models were then moving towards approximations of the central limit theory for the simulated datasets *** also found that having too many or too few samples in the training set had a negative effect on the estimated model performance,suggesting that it is necessary to have a good balance between the sizes of training set and validation set to have a reliable estimation of model *** a

关键词： Cross-validation Bootstrapping Bootstrapped Latin partition Kennard-Stone algorithm SPXY Model selection Model validation Partial least squares for discriminant analysis Support vector machines

Functional characterization of the NF-κB transcription factor gene REL2 from Anopheles gambiae

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Insect Science 2007年第3期14卷 175-184页

作者： NGO T. HOA LIANGBIAO ZHENG Yale University School of Medicine Epidemiology and Public Health 60 College Street New Haven CT 06520 USA

The REL2 gene plays an important role in innate immunity against both Gram （＋） and Gram （-） bacteria and malaria parasites in Anopheles gambiae, the main vector of malaria in Africa. Through alternative splicing, REL2 produces two protein products, REL2F （with a Rel-homology domain as well as an inhibitory ankyrin repeat region） and REL2S （without the ankyrin repeats）. In the immune-competent cell line SualB from An. gambiae, REL2 has been shown to be a key regulator for cecropin A （or CEC1）. The high level expression of CEC1 in SualB was postulated to be the result of constitutive activation of REL2F. Here we showed that REL2F is indeed processed, albeit at a low level, in the SualB cell line. The primary cleavage requires residue 678 （an aspartic acid）. Proteolytic cleavage of REL2F can be enhanced by challenge with bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, but not with fungus Beauveria bassiana. The inducible cleavage can be substantially reduced by RNA interference against PGRP-LC and CASPL1. Over-expression of REL2S or a constitutively active form of REL2F （REL2F380C or REL2F678） in An. gambiae cell line can further increase expression of CEC1 and other antimicrobial peptide genes. Over-expression of these constitutive active proteins in an immune naive cell line, MSQ43, from Anopheles stephensi, results in even more dramatic increased expression of antimicrobial peptides.

关键词： antimicrobial innate immunity malaria mosquito NF-κB