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Direct and Indirect Role of Toll-Like Receptors in T Cell Mediated Immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2004年第4期1卷 239-246页

作者： Mousa Komai-Koma Division of Immunology Infection and InflammationUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG 6NT.UK

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognition receptors that play an important role in protective immunity against infection and *** act as central integrators of a wide variety of signals,responding to diverse agonists of microbial *** of Toll-like receptors by microbial products leads to signaling pathways that activate not only innate,but also adaptive immunity by APC dependent or independent *** evidence revealed that TLR signals played a determining role in the skewing of na(?)ve T cells towards either Th1 or Th2 *** of Toll-like receptors also directly or indirectly influences regulatory T cell ***,TLRs are required in both immune activation and immune *** of TLRs has significantly enhanced our understanding of innate and adaptive immune responses and provides novel therapeutic approaches against infectious and inflammatory *** & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(4):239-246.

关键词： Toll-like receptor adaptive immunity Th1 Th2 regulatory T cell

A study of the influence of genetic variance and sex on the density and thickness of the calvarial bone in collaborative cross mice

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动物模型与实验医学(英文) 2023年第4期6卷 355-361页

作者： Uriel Kaspersky Roei Levy Aysar Nashef Fuad A.Iraqi Yankel Gabet Department of Anatomy and Anthropology Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv69978Israel Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Baruch Padeh medical centerPoriyaIsrael

Background:Bone microarchitecture is affected by multiple genes,each having a small effect on the external *** is thus challenging to characterize the genes and their specific effect on bone thickness and *** purpose of this study was to assess the heritability and the genetic variation effect,as well as the sex effect on the calvarial bone thickness(***)and calvarial porosity(%PoV)using the Collaborative Cross(CC)mouse ***:In the study we examined the parietal bones of 56 mice from 9 lines of CC *** parameters were evaluated using microcomputed tomography(μCT)and included *** and%*** then evaluated heritability,genetic versus environmental variance and the sex effect for these ***:Our morphometric analysis showed that *** and%PoV are both significantly different among the CC lines with a broad sense heritability of 0.78 and 0.90,*** sex effect within the lines was significant in line IL111 and showed higher values of *** and%PoV in females compared to *** line IL19 there was a borderline sex effect in *** in which males showed higher values than ***:These results stress the complexity of sex and genotype interactions controlling *** and%PoV,as the skeletal sexual dimorphism was dependent on the genetic *** study also shows that the CC population is a powerful tool for establishing the genetic effect on these traits.

关键词： calvarial porosity(%PoV) calvarial thickness(Ca.Th) collaborative cross mouse population diploe heritability sex effect

Novel Bismuth Nanotubes

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Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第12期19卷 1785-1787页

作者：苏长荣李家明等 DepartmentofPhysics CenterforAtomicandMolecularNanosciencesTsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084 DepartmentofPhysics CenterforAtomicandMolecularNanosciencesTsinghuaUniversityBeijing10

Theoretical investigations show that bismuth nanotubes are semiconductors for all diameters. For small diameter bismuth nanotubes, the band structures and bandgaps vary strongly with the strong hybridization effect. When the diameters are larger than 18Å, the bandgaps of Bi (n,n) and (n,0) nanotubes approach 0.63eV, corresponding to the bandgap of bismuth sheet at the Γ point. Thus, bismuth nanotubes are expected to be a potential semiconductor nanomaterial in future nanoelectronics.

关键词： Nanotubes

Efficient Diode-Pumped Passively Q-Switched Nd-GdVO4 Lasers

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Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第12期19卷 1808-1810页

作者： Liu Jie Jia Yu-Lei Yang Ji-Min Du Juan He Jing-Liang Laboratory of Modern Optics Shandong Normal University Ji'nan 250014

An efficient diode-pumped Nd:GdVO4 laser passively Q-switched by a Cr4+:YAG has been developed as a saturable absorber. A KTP crystal is used for the extra-cavity second-harmonic generation and a BBO crystal for the sum frequency mixing. The green output power is 172mW at incident pump power of 8W. The ultraviolet (UV) output power is measured to be 20mW at the same pump power. The peak power of the UV laser is 143W with the pulse repetition rate of 14kHz and pulse width of 10ns.

关键词： Pulse repetition rate

Color-selective holographic retroreflector array for sensing applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 241-249页

作者： Rajib Ahmed Ali K Yetisen Seok Hyun Yun Haider Butt Microengineering and Nanotechnology Laboratory School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine Massachusetts General HospitalCambridgeMA 02139USA Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Corner cube retroreflectors(CCRs)have applications in sensors,image processing,free space communication and wireless *** ability to construct low-loss wavelength filters embedded in CCRs can enable the development of wavelength multiplexing,tunable lasers and photonic integrated *** we created an~10-μm-thick holographic corner cube retroreflector(HCCR)array that acted as a color-selective wavelength filter and diffracted light at broad ***-resolved spectral measurements showed that the Bragg peak of the diffracted light from the HCCR array could be tuned from 460 to 545 nm by varying the incident *** HCCR array also exhibited a wavelength-selective tuning capability based on the rotation angle in the visible *** projected holographic images with the rotational property in the far *** utility of the HCCR was demonstrated as optical temperature and relative humidity sensors that produced a visible colorimetric response for rapid diagnostics.

关键词： Bragg gratings corner cube retroreflectors diffraction optics holography sensors

A Meta-Analysis of the Genome-Wide Association Studies on Two Genetically Correlated Phenotypes Suggests Four New Risk Loci for Headaches

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Phenomics 2023年第1期3卷 64-76页

作者： Weihua Meng Parminder S.Reel Charvi Nangia Aravind Lathika Rajendrakumar Harry L.Hebert Qian Guo Mark J.Adams Hua Zheng Zen Haut Lu Me Research Team Debashree Ray Lesley A.Colvin Colin N.A.Palmer Andrew M.McIntosh Blair H.Smith Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China Division of Population Health and Genomics Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolUniversity of DundeeDundee DD24BFUK Division of Psychiatry Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH105HFUK Department of Anaesthesiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Darussalam andMe Inc.SunnyvaleCA 94086USA Department of Epidemiology Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biostatistics Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA

Headache is one of the commonest complaints that doctors need to address in clinical *** genetic mechanisms of different types of headache are not well understood while it has been suggested that self-reported headache and self-reported migraine were genetically *** this study,we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)on the self-reported headache phenotype from the UK Biobank and the self-reported migraine phenotype from the 23andMe using the Unified Score-based Association Test(metaUSAT)software for genetically correlated phenotypes(N=397,385).We identified 38 loci for headaches,of which 34 loci have been reported before and four loci were newly *** LDL receptor related protein 1(LRP1)-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6(STAT6)-Short chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase family 9C member 7(SDR9C7)region in chromosome 12 was the most significantly associated locus with a leading p value of 1.24×10^(-62)of *** One Cut homeobox 2(ONECUT2)gene locus in chromosome 18 was the strongest signal among the four new loci with a p value of 1.29×10^(-9)of *** study demonstrated that the genetically correlated phenotypes of self-reported headache and self-reported migraine can be meta-analysed together in theory and in practice to boost study power to identify more variants for *** study has paved way for a large GWAS meta-analysis involving cohorts of different while genetically correlated headache phenotypes.

关键词： Headache Migraine Unified Score-based Association Test Correlated phenotypes Meta-analysis Genome-wide association study

Roles for the VCP co-factors Npl4 and Ufd1 in neuronal function in Drosophila melanogaster

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第10期44卷 493-501页

作者： Dwayne J.Byrne Mark J.Harmon Jeremy C.Simpson Craig Blackstone Niamh C. O'Sullivan UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science UCD Conway Institute University College Dublin Dublin 4 Ireland UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research University College Dublin Dublin 4Ireland Cell Biology Section Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

The VCP-Ufd1-Npl4 complex regulates proteasomal processing within cells by delivering ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for *** in VCP are associated with two neurodegenerative diseases,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS） and inclusion body myopathy with Paget＇s disease of the bone and frontotemporal dementia（IBMPFD）,and extensive study has revealed crucial functions of VCP within *** contrast,little is known about the functions of Npl4 or Ufd1 in *** neuronalspecific knockdown of Npl4 or Ufd1 in Drosophila melanogaster,we infer that Npl4 contributes to microtubule organization within developing motor ***,Npl4 RNAi flies present with neurodegenerative phenotypes including progressive locomotor deficits,reduced lifespan and increased accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 homolog（TBPH）.Knockdown,but not overexpression,of TBPH also exacerbates Npl4 RNAi-associated adult-onset neurodegenerative *** contrast,we find that neuronal knockdown of Ufd1 has little effect on neuromuscular junction（NMJ） organization,TBPH accumulation or adult *** findings suggest the differing neuronal functions of Npl4 and Ufd1 in vivo.

关键词： Proteasome TDP-43 accumulation Neurodegeneration Drosophila

Oxford Nanopore MinION Sequencing and Genome Assembly

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2016年第5期14卷 265-279页

作者： Hengyun Lu Francesca Giordano Zemin Ning National Centre of Gene Research Chinese Academy of Sciences the wellcome trust Sanger Institute Wellcome Genome Campus

The revolution of genome sequencing is continuing after the successful secondgeneration sequencing （SGS） technology. The third-generation sequencing （TGS） technology, led by Pacific Biosciences （PacBio）, is progressing rapidly, moving from a technology once only capable of providing data for small genome analysis, or for performing targeted screening, to one that promises high quality de novo assembly and structural variation detection for human-sized genomes. In 2014, the MinION, the first commercial sequencer using nanopore technology, was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies （ONT）. MiniON identifies DNA bases by measuring the changes in electrical conductivity generated as DNA strands pass through a biological pore. Its portability, affordability, and speed in data production makes it suitable for real-time applications, the release of the long read sequencer MiniON has thus generated much excitement and interest in the genomics community. While de novo genome assemblies can be cheaply produced from SGS data, assem- bly continuity is often relatively poor, due to the limited ability of short reads to handle long repeats. Assembly quality can be greatly improved by using TGS long reads, since repetitive regions can be easily expanded into using longer sequencing lengths, despite having higher error rates at the base level. The potential of nanopore sequencing has been demonstrated by various studies in genome surveillance at locations where rapid and reliable sequencing is needed, but where resources are limited.

关键词： Third-generation sequencing Oxford nanopore MiniON-device De novo assembly Structural variations Molecular clinical diagnostics

Synthetic lethal approaches to target cancers with loss of PTEN function

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2511-2527页

作者： Ayse Ertay Rob MEwing Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene and has a role in inhibiting the oncogenic AKT signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3 ) into phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2 ). The function of PTEN is regulated by different mechanisms and inactive PTEN results in aggressive tumor phenotype and tumorigenesis. Identifying targeted therapies for inactive tumor suppressor genes such as PTEN has been challenging as it is difficult to restore the tumor suppressor functions. Therefore, focusing on the downstream signaling pathways to discover a targeted therapy for inactive tumor suppressor genes has highlighted the importance of synthetic lethality studies. This review focused on the potential synthetic lethality genes discovered in PTEN-inactive cancer types. These discovered genes could be potential targeted therapies for PTEN-inactive cancer types and may improve the treatment response rates for aggressive types of cancer.

关键词： Cancer PTEN Synthetic lethality Tumour suppressor gene WDHD1