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Printed elastic membranes for multimodal pacing and recording of human stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes

npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 109-116页

作者： Markos Athanasiadis Dzmitry Afanasenkau Wouter Derks Christoph Tondera Francesca Murganti Volker Busskamp Olaf Bergmann Ivan R.Minev Biotechnology Center(BIOTEC) Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering(CMCB)Technische Universität Dresden01307 DresdenGermany Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden(CRTD) Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering(CMCB)Technische Universität Dresden01307 DresdenGermany Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Karolinska InstitutetSE-17177 StockholmSweden Present address:Universitätsklinikum Bonn University of BonnBonnGermany Present address:Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of SheffieldMappin StreetSheffield S13JDUK These authors contributed equally:Markos Athanasiadis Dzmitry AfanasenkauWouter Derks

Bioelectronic interfaces employing arrays of sensors and bioactuators are promising tools for the study,repair and engineering of cardiac *** are typically constructed from rigid and brittle materials processed in a cleanroom *** outstanding technological challenge is the integration of soft materials enabling a closer match to the mechanical properties of biological cells and *** we present an algorithm for direct writing of elastic membranes with embedded electrodes,optical waveguides and microfluidics using a commercial 3D printing system and a palette of silicone *** proof of principle,we demonstrate interfacing of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs),which are engineered to express *** demonstrate electrical recording of cardiomyocyte field potentials and their concomitant modulation by optical and pharmacological stimulation delivered via the *** work contributes a simple prototyping strategy with potential applications in organ-on-chip or implantable systems that are multi-modal and mechanically soft.

关键词： recording modal closer

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Geoecological parameters indicate discrepancies between potential and actual forest area in the forest-steppe of Central Mongolia

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 735-754页

作者： Michael Klinge Choimaa Dulamsuren Florian Schneider Stefan Erasmi Uudus Bayarsaikhan Daniela Sauer Markus Hauck Department of Physical Geography Institute of GeographyUniversity of GöttingenGoldschmidtstraBe 537077 GöttingenGermany Applied Vegetation Ecology Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Str.479106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Farm Economics Thünen InstituteBundesallee 6338116 BraunschweigGermany Department of Biology School of Arts and SciencesNational University of MongoliaBaga toiruu 47Sukhbaatar duuregUlaanbaatarMongolia

Background:Forest distribution in the forest-steppe of Mongolia depends on relief,permafrost,and climate,and is highly sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic *** fires and logging decreased the forest area in the forest-steppe of *** intention of this study was to identify the geoecological parameters that control forest distribution and living-tree biomass in this semi-arid *** on these parameters,we aimed to delineate the area that forest might potentially occupy and to analyse the spatial patterns of actual and potential tree ***:We used a combination of various geographic methods in conjunction with statistical analyses to identify the key parameters controlling forest *** several field campaigns,we mapped tree biomass and ecological parameters in a study area within the Tarvagatai Nuruu National Park(central Mongolia).Forest areas,topographic parameters and vegetation indices were obtained from remote sensing *** correlations between forest distribution and living-tree biomass on one hand,and topographic parameters,climate data,and environmental conditions on the other hand,were used to delineate the area of potential forest distribution and to estimate total living-tree biomass for this ***:Presence of forest on slopes was controlled by the factors elevation,aspect,slope,mean annual precipitation,and mean growing-season *** these factors allowed for estimation of potential forest area but was less suitable for tree-biomass *** significant differences in mean living-tree biomass existed between sites exposed to different local conditions with respect to forest fire,exploitation,and soil *** biomass was reduced at forest edges(defined as 30m wide belt),in small fragmented and in large forest *** biomass in the study area was 20×10^(9) g(1,086 km^(2) forest area),whereas the potential tree biomass would reach up to 65×10^(9)

关键词： Biomass Fire Forest-steppe Geoecological factors Mongolia Permafrost

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Vitality variation and population structure of a riparian forest in the lower reaches of the Tarim River,NW China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第3期29卷 742-753页

作者： Maierdang Keyimu Umut Halik Florian Betz Choimaa Dulamsuren Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology College of Resources and Environmental ScienceXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China Faculty of Mathematics and Geography Catholic University of Eichstatt-Ingolstadt85072 EichstattGermany Department of Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant SciencesGeorg August University of Gottingen37073 GottingenGermany

Since 2000, the Chinese government has implemented emergency water diversion measures to restore the damaged riparian forest ecosystem with dominant tree species Euphrat poplar(Populus euphratica Oliv.)at the lower reaches of the Tarim River. In the present study, comparative analysis of variations in the vitality of P. euphratica trees were made using 2005 and 2010 data to illustrate the revitalization process of riparian forest. Poplar trees within 300 m of the riverbed were positively revitalized, while the vitality of trees farther than 300 m from the river decreased. Population structure was studied to demonstrate the development of poplar community. In the first belt, the class structure for the diameter at breast height(DBH) of P. euphratica fit a logistic model, and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th belt curve fittings were close to a Gaussian model; in other plots they were bimodal. Cluster analysis of the composition of the DBH class of poplar trees demonstrated that those within 16–36 cm DBH were the most abundant(58.49% of total) in study area, under 16 cm of DBH were second(31.36%), and trees >40 cm DBH were the least abundant(10.15%). More than 80% of the trees were young and medium-sized, which means that the poplar forest community in the vicinity of the lower Tarim River is at a stable developmental stage. The abundance of juvenile trees of P. euphratica in the first and second measuring belts was 12.13% in 2005 and increased to 25.52% in 2010, which means that the emergency water transfer had a positive impact on the generation of young P. euphratica trees in the vicinity of the river.

关键词： Lower Tarim River Riparian forest ecosystem Populus euphratica Vitality Population structure Diameter at breast height

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Variability of fuel consumption and CO_(2) emissions of a gasoline passenger car under multiple in-laboratory and on-road testing conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 266-276页

作者： Boya Zhou Liqiang He Shijian Zhang Rui Wang Luowei Zhang Mengliang Li Yu Liu Shaojun Zhang Ye Wu Jiming Hao China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300300China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution ControlTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

An increasing divergence regarding fuel consumption(and/or CO_(2)emissions) between realworld and type-approval values for light-duty gasoline vehicles(LDGVs) has posed severe challenges to mitigating greenhouse gases(GHGs) and achieving carbon emissions peak and neutrality. To address this divergence issue, laboratory test cycles with more real-featured and transient traffic patterns have been developed recently, for example, the China Lightduty Vehicle Test Cycle for Passenger cars(CLTC-P). We collected fuel consumption and CO_(2)emissions data of a LDGV under various conditions based on laboratory chassis dynamometer and on-road tests. Laboratory results showed that both standard test cycles and setting methods of road load affected fuel consumption slightly, with variations of less than 4%. Compared to the type-approval value, laboratory and on-road fuel consumption of the tested LDGV over the CLTC-P increased by 9% and 34% under the reference condition(i.e., air conditioning off, automatic stop and start(STT) on and two passengers). On-road measurement results indicated that fuel consumption under the low-speed phase of the CLTC-P increased by 12% due to the STT off, although only a 4% increase on average over the entire cycle. More fuel consumption increases(52%) were attributed to air conditioning usage and full passenger capacity. Strong correlations(R2> 0.9) between relative fuel consumption and average speed were also identified. Under traffic congestion(average speed below 25 km/hr), fuel consumption was highly sensitive to changes in vehicle speed. Thus,we suggest that real-world driving conditions cannot be ignored when evaluating the fuel economy and GHGs reduction of LDGVs.

关键词： Fuel consumption CO_(2)emissions Light-duty gasoline vehicle(LDGV) Real driving

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The Density of Noncontiguous Degrees*

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Science China Mathematics 1993年第11期36卷 1308-1316页

作者：丁德成 Department of Mathematics Nanking University Nanking 210008 PRC

In this paper, we prove that every p-generic r.e. degree is noncontiguous, and then, by the density of p-generic degrees, the noncontiguous degrees are dense in the r.e. degrees.

关键词： p-generic noncontiguous density wtt-topped wtt-bottomed.

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Perspectives in restoration: storage and pretreatments of seeds for better germination of Sudanian savanna-woodland species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 773-778页

作者： S.D.Dayamba P.Savadogo S.Diawara L.Sawadogo World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) West and Central Africa Regional Office - Sahel Node World Agroforestry Centre & International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRAF-ICRISAT) West and Central Africa Region-Sahel Node De'partement Productions Forestie`res Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles

Insufficient knowledge of the germination ecology of local species is one of the main constraints to restoration of degraded rural lands. We tested seeds from fourteen Sudanian savanna species targeted for restoration for their response to two different pretreatments（conventional and prolonged acid pretreatments） and two different storage conditions（ambient room conditions and refrigerator at 4 C）. For 6 of the studied species, longer soaking in sulphuric acid significantly improved germination rates and also reduced the germination time of some species. Storage condition, in general did not affect germination rates except for two species where cool storage depressed germination. The practical implication is that, for the species tested, when mature seeds are collected for plantation in the upcoming rainy season, there is no need to invest in infrastructure and energy for storing in cold *** study also revealed that in general when seeds are stored in ambient conditions from the time of collection up to seeding time, although germination rate does not increase, germination time is shortened and this could be of great interest in synchronizing germination in real field conditions.

关键词： germination restoration plantation ambient mature stored ecology degraded shortened longer

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From Persistent Identifiers to Digital Objects to Make Data Science More Efficient

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Data Intelligence 2019年第1期1卷 6-21页

作者： Peter Wittenburg Max Planck Computing and Data Facility Gießenbachstraße 285748 GarchingGermany

Data-intensive science is reality in large scientific organizations such as the Max Planck Society,but due to the inefficiency of our data practices when it comes to integrating data from different sources,many projects cannot be carried out and many researchers are *** about 80%of the time in data-intensive projects is wasted according to surveys we need to conclude that we are not fit for the challenges that will come with the billions of smart devices producing continuous streams of data-our methods do not *** experts worldwide are looking for strategies and methods that have a potential for the *** first steps have been made since there is now a wide agreement from the Research Data Alliance to the FAIR principles that data should be associated with persistent identifiers(PID)and metadata(MD).In fact after 20 years of experience we can claim that there are trustworthy PID systems already in broad *** is argued,however,that assigning PIDs is just the first *** we agree to assign PIDs and also use the PID to store important relationships such as pointing to locations where the bit sequences or different metadata can be accessed,we are close to defining Digital Objects(DOs)which could indeed indicate a solution to solve some of the basic problems in data management and *** addition to standardizing the way we assign PIDs,metadata and other state information we could also define a Digital Object Access Protocol as a universal exchange protocol for DOs stored in repositories using different data models and data *** could also associate a type with each DO and a set of operations allowed working on its content which would facilitate the way to automatic processing which has been identified as the major step for scalability in data science and data industry.A globally connected group of experts is now working on establishing testbeds for a DO-based data infrastructure.

关键词： Big data Data management Persistent identifiers Digital objects Data infrastructure Data intensive science

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Modelling soil erodibility in mountain rangelands of southern Kyrgyzstan

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Pedosphere 2020年第4期30卷 443-456页

作者： Maksim KULIKOV Udo SCHICKHOFF Alexander GRONGROFT Peter BORCHARDT Centrum für Erdsystemforschung und Nachhaltigkeit(CEN) Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityInstitute of GeographyUniversity of HamburgHamburg D-20146(Germany) Centrum für Erdsystemforschung und Nachhaltigkeit(CEN) Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityInstitute of Soil ScienceUniversity of HamburgHamburg D-20146(Germany)

Soil erosion in mountain rangelands in Kyrgyzstan is an emerging problem due to vegetation loss caused by overgrazing. It is further exacerbated by mountain terrain and high precipitation values in Fergana range in the south of Kyrgyzstan. The main objective of this study was to map soil erodibility in the mountainous rangelands of Kyrgyzstan. The results of this effort are expected to contribute to the development of soil erodibility modelling approaches for mountainous areas. In this study, we mapped soil erodibility at two sites, both representing grazing rangelands in the mountains of Kyrgyzstan and having potentially different levels of grazing pressure. We collected a total of 232 soil samples evenly distributed in geographical space and feature space. Then we analyzed the samples in laboratory for grain size distribution and calculated soil erodibility values from these data using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) K-factor formula. After that, we derived different terrain indices and ratios of frequency bands from ASTER GDEM and LANDSAT images to use as auxiliary data because they are among the main soil forming factors and widely used for prediction of various soil properties. Soil erodibility was significantly correlated with channel network base level (geographically extrapolated altitude of water channels), remotely sensed indices of short-wave infrared spectral bands, exposition, and slope degree. We applied multiple regression analysis to predict soil erodibility from spatially explicit terrain and remotely sensed indices. The final soil erodibility model was developed using the spatially explicit predictors and the regression equation and then improved by adding the residuals. The spatial resolution of the model was 30 m, and the estimated mean adjusted coefficient of determination was 0.47. The two sites indicated different estimated and predicted means of soil erodibility values (0.035 and 0.039) with a 0.05 significance level, which i

关键词： channel network base level K-factor LANDSAT RUSLE soil enhancement ratio soil mapping slope terrain

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Challenges in microRNAs’ targetome prediction and validation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1672-1677页

作者： Jesus Eduardo Rojo Arias Volker Busskamp Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD) Technische Universit?t Dresden

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small RNA molecules with important roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene *** recent years,the predicted number of miRNAs has skyrocketed,largely as a consequence of high-throughput sequencing technologies becoming *** dramatic increase in miRNA candidates poses multiple challenges in terms of data deposition,curation,and *** multiple databases containing miRNA annotations and targets have been developed,ensuring data quality by validating miRNA-target interactions requires the efforts of the research *** order to generate databases containing biologically active miRNAs,it is imperative to overcome a multitude of hurdles,including restricted miRNA expression patterns,distinct miRNA biogenesis machineries,and divergent miRNA-mRNA interaction *** the present review,we discuss recent advances and limitations in miRNA prediction,identification,and ***,we focus on the most enriched neuronal miRNA,miR-124,and its gene regulatory network in human neurons,which has been revealed using a combined computational and experimental approach.

关键词： miRNAs miRNA regulation miR-124 wTO analysis miRNA biogenesis miRNA prediction miRNA identification miRNA validation

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When horsetails became giants

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第18期57卷 2285-2288页

作者： FENG Zhuo ZIEROLD Thofid ROβLER Ronny Museum fur Naturkunde ChemnitzMoritzstraβe 2009111Germany Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Horsetails arose in the Late Devonian,evolved a greater diversity and forming fast growing bamboo-like thickets in the Carboniferous lowland swamp forest ***,the diversity of this group drastically declined during the Permian while the climate became more dynamic and *** only a single surviving genus exists,the herbaceous *** we report an exceptional large horsetail tree from the Early Permian Petrified Forest of *** fossil horsetail tree is assigned to Arthropitys bistriata (Cotta) *** is 15 m high and over 25 cm in diameter,with thick wood and at least 3 orders of woody branching system formed a big canopy,and is morphologically very comparable with the living woody higher *** suggests that the plasticity mechanism of Permian calamitaleans enabled novel growth strategies when they competed with the rising gymnosperms during the environmental changes.

关键词：木贼森林生态系统巨人早二叠世分支系统植物形态裸子植物环境变化

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