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Effects of herbicide butachlor application on the growth of periphytic biofilms and nitrogen loss in paddy systems

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 211-221页

作者： Yanhui ZHAO Mingjun LEI Liandong JING Fan XIA Meixia YAN Jiantong LIU Yonghong WU Yunli WU Chenxi WU Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific research Center Yangtze Basin Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecological and EnvironmentWuhan 430010China College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China state Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China state Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The application of butachlor as an herbicide in paddy fields is widely practiced,aiming to increase rice yield by directly or indirectly influencing the paddy *** biofilms,which form at the soil-water interface in paddy fields,are complex bioaggregates that play an important role in nitrogen (N) *** objective of this study was to investigate the effect of butachlor on periphytic biofilm growth and N cycling under both light and dark conditions in the *** results revealed that butachlor application hindered the growth of periphytic biofilms and led to the dominance of Cyanobacteria as the primary prokaryotes,while inhibiting the development of eukaryotic ***,the application of butachlor reduced the richness and diversity of prokaryotes,but increased those of eukaryotes in periphytic *** light treatments exhibited higher total N loss because light favored periphytic biofilm growth and enhanced ammonium (NH_(4)^(+)) assimilation and ***,butachlor application resulted in the increased retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N and nitrate (NO_(3)^(-))-N and an increase in N loss via *** abundances of functional genes encoding enzymes such as ammonia monooxygenase,nitrite reductase,and nitrous oxide reductase were increased by butachlor application,favoring nitrification and denitrification ***,the results suggest that butachlor application leads to an increase in total N loss mainly through denitrification in paddy systems,particularly in the presence of periphytic ***,the results may provide valuable insights into the changes in periphytic biofilm growth and N cycling induced by butachlor,and future studies can further explore the potential implications of these changes in paddy soils.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacteria amoA denitrification denitrifying bacteria nirK nitrification nitrogen cycling nosZ volatilization

High Efficiency Formamidinium-Cesium Perovskite-Based Radio-Photovoltaic Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 164-171页

作者： Runlong Gao Rui Chen Pengying Wan Xiao Ouyang Qiantao Lei Qi Deng Xinyu Guan Guangda Niu Jiang Tang Wei Chen Zonghao Liu Xiaoping Ouyang Linyue Liu Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen University state Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Microelectronics Xi’an Jiaotong University Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and Technology Beijing Normal University

Radio-photovoltaic cell is a micro nuclear battery for devices operating in extreme environments,which converts the decay energy of a radioisotope into electric energy by using a phosphor and a photovoltaic *** phosphors with high light yield and good environmental stability have been developed,but the performance of radio-photovoltaic cells remains far behind expectations in terms of power density and power conversion efficiency,because of the poor photoelectric conversion efficiency of traditional photovoltaic converters under low-light conditions.

关键词： formamidinium-cesium perovskite phosphor photovoltaic converter power conversion efficiency radio-photovoltaic cell

Highlights of mainstream solar cell efficiencies in 2023

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 8-15页

作者： Wenzhong SHEN Yixin ZHAO Feng LIU Institute of Solar Energy and Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control(Ministry of Education)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This article continues our highlights last two years[1,2]on the highest independently confirmed mainstream(silicon,perovskite,and organic)solar cell efficiencies in *** world record power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the single-junction silicon and perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells has reached over 27%and close to 34%,respectively,in *** have also witnessed the rapid mass-production development of the silicon passivating contact and silicon back contact solar cells,as well as further progress with perovskite solar cells(PSCs).

关键词： perovskite mainstream fir

In-situ polymerized PEO-based solid electrolytes contribute better Li metal batteries:Challenges,strategies,and perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 548-571页

作者： Zhihui Jia Yong Liu Haoming Li Yi Xiong Yingjie Miao Zhongxiu Liu Fengzhang Ren School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Materials Science&Processing TechnologyHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023HenanChina Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023HenanChina

Polyethylene oxide(PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs)with good electrochemical stability and excellent Li salt solubility are considered as one of the most promising SPEs for solid-state lithium metal batteries(SSLMBs).However,PEO-based SPEs suffer from low ionic conductivity at room temperature and high interfacial resistance with the electrodes due to poor interfacial contact,seriously hindering their practical *** an emerging technology,in-situ polymerization process has been widely used in PEO-based SPEs because it can effectively increase Li-ion transport at the interface and improve the interfacial contact between the electrolyte and ***,we review recent advances in design and fabrication of in-situ polymerized PEO-based SPEs to realize enhanced performance in *** merits and current challenges of various SPEs,as well as their stabilizing strategies are ***,various in-situ polymerization methods(such as free radical polymerization,cationic polymerization,anionic polymerization)for the preparation of PEO-based SPEs are *** addition,the application of in-situ polymerization technology in PEO-based SPEs for adjustment of the functional units and addition of different functional filler materials was systematically discussed to explore the design concepts,methods and working ***,the challenges and future prospects of in-situ polymerized PEO-based SPEs for SSLMBs are also proposed.

关键词： In-situ polymerization Polyethylene oxide Solid polymer electrolytes Lithium metal anodes

Magnetocaloric effect and phase transition critical behavior of La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.9Co0.1O3 compound synthesized under the high pressure

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Tungsten 2024年第03期6卷 621-632页

作者： Jing Zhao Lei Gao Jian-Jun Zhao Wei Wei Hui-Qin Yun Ru Xing Huai-Jin Ma Xiang Jin Luo-Meng Chao School of Physical Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials for Higher Education in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Baotou Teachers' College National Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource research and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths School of Physics and Electronic Information Inner Mongolia Normal University College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology

In this study,a novel method is proposed for producing perovskite rare-earth manganese oxide magnetic refrigeration materials that exhibit superior properties compared to similar *** maximum magnetic entropy change values for this sample are 1.44 and 3.75 J·kg-1·K-1for magnetic fields of 2 and 7 T,***,its relative cooling power has been calculated to be 101.96 and 404.78 J·kg-1,indicating good *** results were obtained using the sample synthesized under a pressure of 4 GPa,and the sample has undergone a second phase *** critical behavior of the sample fits well with the mean field *** different magnetic fields,there is a significant overlap between the values of the maximum magnetic entropy change and the temperature-averaged entropy change,indicating that the refrigeration performance of the sample after high pressure can approach its maximum capability.

关键词： High-pressure synthesis Magnetocaloric effect Relative cooling power Magnetic phase transition

Layer-Valley Hall Effect under Inversion and Time-Reversal Symmetries

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第6期41卷 88-97页

作者：赵交交刘贵斌陈鹏姚裕贵张广宇杜罗军 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and DevicesInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics&Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Schoolof Microelectronics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Hall effects have been the central paradigms in modern physics,materials science and practical applications,and have led to many exciting breakthroughs,including the discovery of topological Chern invariants and the revolution of metrological resistance *** date,the Hall effects have mainly focused on a single degree of freedom(Do F),and most of them require the breaking of spatial-inversion and/or time-reversal *** we demonstrate a new type of Hall effect,i.e.,layer-valley Hall effect,based on a combined layer-valley Do F characterized by the product of layer and valley *** layer-valley Hall effect has a quantum origin arising from the layer-valley contrasting Berry curvature,and can occur in nonmagnetic centrosymmetric crystals with both spatial-inversion and time-reversal symmetries,transcending the symmetry constraints of single Do F Hall effect based on the constituent layer or valley ***,the layer-valley Hall effect is highly tunable and shows a W-shaped pattern in response to the out-of-plane electric ***,we discuss the potential detection approaches and material-specific design principles of layer-valley Hall *** results demonstrate novel Hall physics and open up exotic paradigms for new research direction of layer-valleytronics that exploits the quantum nature of the coupled layer-valley DoF.

关键词： quantum Inversion curvature

Recent progress in the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils:A short review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 842-854页

作者： Qiuyan Shen Yongxing Ba Peng Zhang Jiangfeng Song Bin Jiang Fusheng Pan National Engineering research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Magnesium and magnesium alloy foils have great potential for application in battery anodes,electromagnetic shielding,optics and acoustics,and biology because of their excellent specific damping,internal dissipation coefficients,magnetic and electrical conductivities,as well as high theoretical specific ***,magnesium alloys exhibit poor deformation ability due to their hexagonal close-packed crystal *** magnesium and magnesium alloy foils with thicknesses of less than 0.1 mm is difficult because of surface oxidation and grain growth at high temperatures or severe anisotropy after cold rolling that leads to *** methods have been applied to prepare magnesium alloy *** include warm rolling,cold rolling,accumulative roll bonding,electric plastic rolling,and on-line heating *** of magnesium and magnesium alloy foils during preparation,such as edge cracks and breakage,are important factors for ***,the current status of the research on magnesium and magnesium alloy foils is summarized from the aspects of foil preparation,defect control,performance characterization,and application *** advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods and defect(edge cracks and breakage)mechanisms in the preparation of foils are identified.

关键词： magnesium alloy foil rolling defect performance application

The late Early-Paleozoic granitic magmatism in Northwestern Fujian, China: constraints on intraplate orogeny in the South China block

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 134-149页

作者： WanLi Gao ZongXiu Wang Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological ScienceBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction of Ministry of Natural Resources Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China

The Early Paleozoic tectono-thermal event was a significant orogenic activity during the Phanerozoic era,which had a profound impact on the early crust of the South China Block(SCB) and established the foundation for later tectonic *** Wuyi-Yunkai orogenic belt in Southeastern China was extensively exposed to Early Paleozoic magmatism,the genetic mechanism of which remains *** shed light on this issue,detailed petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic studies were carried out on two granitoids,namely the Yuntongshan pluton and the Gaoqiao pluton,identified in the central *** U-Pb chronology of the Yuntongshan and Gaoqiao bodies yielded ages of437±4 Ma(MSWD=2.2) and 404±2 Ma(MSWD=12),respectively,indicating that they were emplaced during the Early Silurian and Early Devonian *** granitoids are primarily composed of biotite-granite and biotite-monzonitic-granites,with high concentrations of S_(i)O_(2)(73.59-75.91 wt%),K_(2)O+Na_(2)O(8.31-8.73wt%),and low contents of MgO,CaO,Cr,*** are classified as high-K calc-alkaline and weakly metaluminous-strongly peraluminous S-type *** granitoids are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) and depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREEs) and high field strength elements(HFSEs) with arc *** εHf(t) values of-3.3 to-15.4 with two-stage Hf model ages ranging from 2829 to 1644 Ma,combined with the presence of Neoproterozoic inherited zircons,suggest that the primary magma of these granitoids was derived from the partial melting of Neoproterozoic crust with a Paleoproterozoic crustal model *** findings,combined with the spatio-temporal distribution of regional magmatism,reveal that the late Early-Paleozoic granitoids formed in the intraplate orogenic background originating from the subduction of the proto-Tethys Ocean and proto-Pacific Ocean around the margin of the east Gondwana supercontinent.

关键词： Late Early-Paleozoic Granites Intraplate orogeny Cathysian block Zircon U-Pb-Hf Isotopic composition

Influence of cerium and yttrium addition on strength and electrical conductivity of pure aluminum alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 600-611,I0006页

作者： Guojian Lin Lu Li Zhengwei Guo Xianjun Jia Xiao Wang Zhentao Yuan Guoxing Zhang Yun Zhan Quan Shan Zulai Li Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China research Center for Analysis and Measurement Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China City College Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650051China

To develop pure aluminum alloys with high conductivity and strength, Al-0.2Ce and Al-0.2Ce-0.1Y alloys were prepared by rolling and annealing processes in this study. The effects of trace rare earth elements on the strength and electrical conductivity of the pure aluminum alloys were investigated. It is revealed that the addition of Ce and Y to pure aluminum can effectively enhance the strength and electrical conductivity of the alloys. In Al-0.2Ce, the addition of Ce can effectively refine the grain size of a-Al, with an average grain size of 90.68 μm in the as-cast state. The grain size of the alloy is further reduced to 87.55 μm by the simultaneous addition of Y. The synergistic addition of Ce and Y changes the properties of the alloy. The addition of Ce and Y also produces the Al_(11)Ce_(3) and Al_(3)Y second phases, which have coherent relationship with a-Al. The two-dimensional mismatch degree was calculated to be only 4.43%and 0.85%, respectively, which can provide a certain amount of nucleation substrate for a-Al in the incubation stage. The interfacial match between the L1_(2)structure of Al_(3)Y and a-Al was calculated using first-principles simulations. The results indicate that Al_(3)Y has a strong bonding effect with a-Al. Nanoscale second phases at grain boundaries can be effective in reducing resistivity due to dislocation *** second phases with better matching interfaces to the substrate have no positive effect on the scattering motion of electrons.

关键词： Pure aluminum Rare earths Impurity purification First-principles calculations Strength-conductivity contradiction