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Elevated CO_(2) increases soil redox potential by promoting root radial oxygen loss in paddy field

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 11-20页

作者： Jie Li Han Zhang Wenyi Xie Cheng Liu Xiaoyu Liu Xuhui Zhang Lianqing Li Genxing Pan Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soil redox potential(Eh)plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil nutrients.Whereas its effect soil process and nutrients'availability under elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming has seldom been investigated.Thus,in this study,a field experiment was used to elucidate the effect of elevated CO_(2) concentration and warming on soil Eh,redox-sensitive elements and root radial oxygen loss(ROL).We hypothesized elevated CO_(2) and warming could alter soil Eh by promoting or inhibiting ROL.We found that soil Eh in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that of non-rhizosphere.Elevated CO_(2) enhanced soil Eh by 11.5%,which corresponded to a significant decrease in soil Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)concentration.Under elevated CO_(2),the concentration of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)decreased by 14.7%and 13.7%,respectively.We also found that elevated CO_(2) altered rice root aerenchyma structure and promoted rice root ROL.Under elevated CO_(2),rice root ROL increased by 79.5%and 112.2%for Yangdao 6 and Changyou 5,respectively.Warming had no effect on soil Eh and rice root ROL.While warming increased the concentration of Mn^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)by 4.9%and 19.3%,respectively.There was a significant interaction between elevated CO_(2) and warming on Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).Under elevated CO_(2),warming had no effect on the concentration of Fe^(2+)but decreased Mn^(2+)concentration significantly.Our study demonstrated that elevated atmospheric CO_(2) in the future could increase soil Eh by promoting rice root ROL,which will alter some soil nutrients'availability,such as Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).

关键词： Atmospheric CO_(2)enrichment Global warming Soil redox potential FACE Rice root aerenchyma

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Determination of global geodetic parameters using satellite laser ranging to Galileo,GLONASS,and BeiDou satellites

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 240-257页

作者： Xingxing Li Jiaqing Lou Yongqiang Yuan Jiaqi Wu Keke Zhang School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079HubeiChina

The new Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)satellites,including GLONASS,Galileo,and BeiDou system,are equipped with Laser Retroreflector Arrays(LRA)to support Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)tracking,which contributes to the estimation of global geodetic parameters.In this study,we estimate the global geodetic parameters using the SLR observations to GNSS satellites and also investigate the effects of different data processing strategies on the estimated Earth Rotation Parameters(ERP),geocenter motion,and terrestrial scale.The results indicate that setting range bias parameters for each satellite-station pair can effectively account for the satellite-specific biases induced by LRAs,leading to smaller Root Mean Square Errors(RMSE)of the post-fit SLR residuals.Furthermore,estimating the range biases for each satellite-station pair improves the accuracy of the estimated station coordinates and ERP.We also examine the impact of different arc lengths on the estimates of ERP,geocenter motion,and terrestrial scale.The results show that extending arc length can significantly reduce the formal error of ERP.The 7-day strategy produces the smallest RMSEs of 473 microarcseconds and 495 microarcseconds for the estimated X-and Y-component of pole coordinates,and 52 microseconds for length-of-day,respectively.However,the estimated geocenter motion is less affected by the arc length,even the shortest 1-day arc strategy can capture the seasonal variations of geocenter motion in Z component.For scale estimation,extending the arc length notably improves the accuracy of the estimated station coordinates and scale,but this advantage becomes less noticeable in longer arcs.The 7-day solution also obtains the closet scale results compared to ITRF2014,with the RMSE of 2.10×10^(–9).

关键词： Satellite laser ranging GNSS Geodetic parameters Earth rotation parameters Geocenter motion Terrestrial scale

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Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 103-116页

作者： Ru Huang Chenxi Xu Jussi Grießinger Xiaoyu Feng Haifeng Zhu Achim Bräuning National Institute of Natural Hazards Beijing 100085People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 100044People’s Republic of China Institute of Geography Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary programs.The rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive review.This study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope research.Overall,1475 publications were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection for 1974-2023.The findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since 1974.From 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per year.However,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per year.Likewise,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences(423),the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest,Snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat Sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular topics.Since 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing attention.Based on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are summarized.This study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

关键词： Tree rings Stable isotopes Web of Science Bibliometric

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Transcription factor OsSPL10 interacts with OsJAmyb to regulate blast resistance in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 301-307页

作者： Zaofa Zhong Lijing Zhong Xiang Zhu Yimin Jiang Yihong Zheng Tao Lan Haitao Cui College of Life Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

Transcription factors(TFs)play essential roles in transcriptional reprogramming during activation of plant immune responses to pathogens.OsSPL10(SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like10)is an important TF regulating trichome development and salt tolerance in rice.Here we report that knockout of OsSPL10 reduces whereas its overexpression enhances rice resistance to blast disease.OsSPL10 positively regulates chitin-induced immune responses including reactive oxygen species(ROS)burst and callose deposition.We show that OsSPL10 physically associates with OsJAmyb,an important TF involved in jasmonic acid(JA)signaling,and positively regulates its protein stability.We then prove that OsJAmyb positively regulates resistance to blast.Our results reveal a molecular module consisting of OsSPL10 and OsJAmyb that positively regulates blast resistance.

关键词： Immunity Jasmonate Oryza sativa OsSPL10 Transcription factor

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Anomalous thermal expansion and enhanced magnetocaloric effect in <001>-textured MnxFe5–xSi3alloys

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2263-2274页

作者： Yong Gong Xue-Fei Miao Tapas Samanta Chris Taake Jun Liu Feng-Jiao Qian Yan-Yan Shao Yu-Jing Zhang Qing-Yong Ren Luana Caron Feng Xu MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Bielefeld University College of Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fu¨r Materialien und Energie

The development of zero and negative therma expansion （i.e.,ZTE and NTE） materials is of crucial importance to the control of undesirable thermal expansion for high-precision devices.In the present work,ZTE and NTE were obtained in directionally-solidified MnxFe5–xSi3alloys with a strongtexture,in striking contrast to positive thermal expansion in their isotropic counterparts Magnetometry and in-situ X-ray diffraction （XRD） measurements were performed to uncover the origin of the anomalous thermal expansion.Magnetic measurements indicate a strong easy-plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy in the textured samples,where the magnetic moments are aligned within the ab plane of the hexagonal structure Temperature-dependent XRD on the x=1 sample reveals a ZTE character in the ab plane that is coupled to a ferromagnetic transition.As a result,the macroscopic ZTE(～0.22×10–6K-1) in the x=1 sample can be attributed to the microscopic magneto volume effect within the ab plane,which is realized by the introduction of the-textured microstructure.Besides,the competition between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic exchange coupling leads to NTE in textured x=1.5 and 2 samples.Additionally,textured x=1 sample displays enhanced magnetocaloric properties as compared to the conventional counterparts with randomly-oriented grains.Consequently this work demonstrates a new strategy toward the exploration of anomalous thermal expansion properties as well as the enhancement of magnetocaloric properties for materials with a strong magnetocrystalline anisotropy.

关键词： MnFe 4 Si 3 Magnetocaloric effect Magnetic phase transition Negative thermal expansion

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Orbit and clock products for quad-system satellites with undifferenced ambiguity fixing approach

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 125-139页

作者： Jiaqi Wu Xingxing Li Yongqiang Yuan Keke Zhang Xin Li Jiaqing Lou Yun Xiong School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079China Hubei Luojia Laboratory 129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079China german Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ Telegrafenberg14473PotsdamGermany Technische Universitat Berlin(TUB) Straße Des 17.Juni10623BerlinGermany

Integer Ambiguity Resolution(IAR)can significantly improve the accuracy of GNSS Precise Orbit Determination(POD).Traditionally,the IAR in POD is achieved at the Double Differenced(DD)level.In this contribution,we develop an Un-Differenced(UD)IAR method for Global Positioning System(GPS)+BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)+Galileo navigation satellite system(Galileo)+Global'naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema(GLONASS)quad-system POD by calibrating UD ambiguities in the raw carrier phase and generating the so-called carrier range.Based on this method,we generate the UD ambiguity-fixed orbit and clock products for the Wuhan Innovation Application Center(IAC)of the International GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System(iGMAS).One-year observations in 2020 from 150 stations are employed to investigate performance of orbit and clock products.Notably,the UD Ambiguity Resolution(AR)yields more resolved integer ambiguities than the traditional DD AR,scaling up to 9%,attributable to its avoidance of station baseline formation.Benefiting from the removal of ambiguity parameters,the computational efficiency of parameter estimation undergoes a substantial 70%improvement.Compared with the float solution,the orbit consistencies of UD AR solution achieve the accuracy of 1.9,5.2,2.8,2.1,and 2.7 cm for GPS,BeiDou-2 Navigation Satellite System(BDS-2),BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System(BDS-3),Galileo,and GLONASS satellites respectively,reflecting enhancements of 40%,24%,54%,34%,and 42%.Moreover,the standard deviations of Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)residuals are spanning 2.5–3.5 cm,underscoring a comparable accuracy to the DD AR solution,with discrepancies below 5%.A notable advantage of UD AR lies in its capability to produce the Integer Recovered Clock(IRC),facilitating Precise Point Positioning(PPP)AR without requiring additional Uncalibrated Phase Delay(UPD)products.To assess the performance of quad-system kinematic PPP based on IRC,a network comprising 120 stations is utilized.In comparison to the float solution,the IR

关键词： Multi-GNSS Precise orbit determination Integer recover clock Undifferenced ambiguity resolution iGMAS innovation application center

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Stable ultraviolet ultrafast laser based on all-polarizationmaintaining fiber femtosecond laser

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第3期22卷 76-82页

作者：田昊朱喆林巍李子豪温俊鹏修昊范怡衡韦池一韦小明杨中民 School of Physics and Optoelectronics/State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied TechniquesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Research Institute of Future Technology South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

We report a high-stability ultrafast ultraviolet(UV)laser source at 352 nm by exploring an all-fiber,all-polarizationmaintaining(all-PM),Yb-doped femtosecond fiber laser at 1060 nm.The output power,pulse width,and optical spectrum width of the fiber laser are 6 W,244 fs,and 17.5 nm,respectively.The UV ultrashort pulses at a repetition rate of 28.9 MHz are generated by leveraging single-pass second-harmonic generation in a 1.3-mm-long BiB_(3)O_(6)(BIBO)and sum frequency generation in a 5.1-mm-long BIBO.The maximum UV output power is 596 mW.The root mean square error of the output power of UV pulses is 0.54%.This laser,with promising stability,is expected to be a nice source for frontier applications in the UV wavelength window.

关键词： all-polarization-maintaining fiber ultrafast fiber laser UV laser

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Cell metabolism pathways involved in the pathophysiological changes of diabetic peripheral neuropathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 598-605页

作者： Yaowei Lv Xiangyun Yao Xiao Li Yuanming Ouyang Cunyi Fan Yun Qian Department of Orthopedics Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration ShanghaiChina Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiChina College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus.Elucidating the pathophysiological metabolic mechanism impels the generation of ideal therapies.However,existing limited treatments for diabetic peripheral neuropathy expose the urgent need for cell metabolism research.Given the lack of comprehensive understanding of energy metabolism changes and related signaling pathways in diabetic peripheral neuropathy,it is essential to explore energy changes and metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy to develop suitable treatment methods.This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanism of diabetic peripheral neuropathy from the perspective of cellular metabolism and the specific interventions for different metabolic pathways to develop effective treatment methods.Various metabolic mechanisms(e.g.,polyol,hexosamine,protein kinase C pathway)are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,and researchers are looking for more effective treatments through these pathways.

关键词： cell metabolism diabetic peripheral neuropathy peripheral nerve injury protein kinase C pathway reactive oxygen species.

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Polarization control of above-threshold ionization spectrum in elliptically polarized two-color laser fields

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 136-144页

作者：金发成杨慧慧宋晓红李飞杜玲玲薛红杰魏丽敏白悦刘浩翔王兵兵杨玮枫 Faculty of Science Xi'an Aeronautical InstituteXi'an 710077China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570288China Center for Theoretical Physics Hainan UniversityHaikou 570288China Laboratory of Optical Physics Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Science Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

We study the above-threshold ionization(ATI)process of atoms exposed to fundamental and high-frequency lasers with arbitrary ellipticity by applying the frequency-domain theory.It is found that the angular-resolved ATI spectrum is sensitive to ellipticities of two lasers and emitted angles of the photoelectron.Particularly for the photon energy of the highfrequency laser more than atomic ionization potential,the width of plateau tends to a constant with increasing ellipticity of fundamental field,the dip structure disappears with increasing ellipticity of the high-frequency field.With the help of the quantum channel analysis,it is shown that the angular distribution depends mainly on the ellipticity of high-frequency field in the case that its frequency is high.Moreover,one can see that the maximal and minimal energies in quantum numerical results are in good agreement with the classical prediction.Our investigation may provide theoretical support for experimental research on polarization control of ionization in elliptically polarized two-color laser fields.

关键词： above-threshold ionization two-color laser polarization control

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Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 6-20页

作者： Xiu-Yun Zhao De-En Xu Ming-Lei Wu Ji-Chuan Liu Zi-Ling Shi Quan-Hong Ma Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Institute of Neuroscience&Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxiJiangsu ProvinceChina

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular activities.Endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and proteostasis.In this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular requirements.We also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.In summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve disorders.This review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： autophagy endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum autophagy endoplasmic reticulum quality control system endoplasmic reticulum receptors endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation neurodegeneration neurodegenerative disease selective autophagy unfolded protein response

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