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快速干湿气候振荡与中国古代大规模社会动荡（英文）

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science Bulletin 2024年第3期 314-318页

作者：孟先强张灿李根程鉴如蔡洁刘一兰霍利倪振宇张恩楼 State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth science University of California Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University

Climate conditions have long been acknowledged as a pivotal factor shaping regional productivity and influencing available resources,consequently playing an important role in driving social changes throughout human history [1-3].In ancient East Asia,the chinese agrarian civilization emerged around 4000 years ago in northern China,the region termed the"Central Plains".This region faced recurrent episodes of large-scale social unrest,profoundly impacting the societal structure and dynastic cycles [4].These episodes were marked by extended civil peasant uprisings and/or incursions from northern nomadic tribes,often spanning decades to centuries [5].Both the agrarian societies in the Central Plains and the husbandry-based nomadic tribes in the vast northern grasslands,characterized by semi-arid and semi-humid climates,were notably sensitive to climate variations [6].

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Urban Chemical Industrial Cluster Area Restructuring and Determinants: A Case Study of a Typical Old Chemical Industry Area Along the Yangtze River, China

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chinese Geographical science 2022年第2期32卷 237-250页

作者： ZOU Hui DUAN Xuejun JIN Tingting nanjing institute of geography and limnology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

China is in a transitional period between urban renewal and industrial *** this period,the focus has been on the suburbanization of enterprises and land transformation in old industrial areas,particularly areas with chemical industries.A life cycle theoretical framework was established to develop chemical industrial zones in the context of urban expansion and land function *** long-term historical processes and mechanisms that transformed a typical old chemical industry area along the Yangtze River,Yanziji Area of nanjing City were unveiled and comparatively *** study found that the entire life cycle of the case study area was formed through the combined action of different influencing *** industrial location factors played important roles during the rise and continuity of the chemical industry zone,while unconventional environmental regulations and government policies drove its decline and *** the transformation of the old chemical zone,the renewal and redevelopment of industrial land into higher-value residential land is a key link determining the feasibility of government fund compensation and the circulation of *** findings demonstrate that regional control and environmental regulation play crucial roles in determining the location of polluting industries and the renewal of urban industrial *** research enhances the understanding of the development history and reconstruction of chemical industry clusters and plots within megacities at a finer geographic scale.

关键词： industrial land chemical industry zone urban renewal industrial suburbanization old chemical industry area

Spatiotemporal Variation of Riverine Nutrients in a Typical Hilly Watershed in Southeast China Using Multivariate Statistics Tools

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Journal of Mountain science 2015年第4期12卷 983-998页

作者： NIE Xiao-fei LI Heng-peng JIANG Jia-hu DIAO Ya-qin LI Peng-cheng State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences

The water quality of lakes can be degraded by excessive riverine *** water quality generally varies depending on region and season because of the spatiotemporal variations in natural factors and anthropogenic *** water quality measurements of eight water quality variables were analyzed for two years at 16 sites of the Tianmuhu *** variables were examined using hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) and factor analysis/principal component analysis(FA/PCA) to reveal the spatiotemporal variations in riverine nutrients and to identify their potential *** revealed three geographical groups and three *** drainages comprising towns and large villages were the most polluted, six drainages comprising widely distributed tea plantations and orchards were moderately polluted, and eight drainages without the factors were the least *** river was most polluted in June when the first heavy rain(daily rainfall > 50 mm) occurs after fertilization and the number of rainy days is most(monthly number of rainy days > 20 days).Moderate pollution was observed from October to May, during which morethan 60% of the total nitrogen fertilizer and all of the phosphorus fertilizer are applied to the cropland, the total manure is applied to tea plantations and orchards, and a monthly rainfall ranging from 0 mm to 164 mm *** remaining months were characterized by frequent raining(i.e., number of rainy days per month ranged from 5 to 24) and little use of fertilizers, and were thus least ***/PCA identified that the greatest pollution sources were the runoff from tea plantations and orchards,domestic pollution and the surface runoff from towns and villages, and rural sewage, which had extremely high contributions of riverine nitrogen, phosphorus,and chemical oxygen demand, *** tea plantations and orchards promoted by the agricultural comprehensive development(ACD) were not environmentally *** nitrog

关键词：河流水质时空变化小流域营养盐中国东南部统计工具湖泊水质水系污染

Industrial and Agricultural Effects on Water Environment and Its Optimization in Heavily Polluted Area in Taihu Lake Basin, China

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chinese Geographical science 2013年第2期23卷 203-215页

作者： ZHAO Haixia YOU Bensheng DUAN Xuejun Stewart BECKY JIANG Xiaowei State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences White Clay Editorial Newark College of Territorial Resources and Tourism Anhui Normal University

The deteriorating water quality in the Taihu Lake Basin has attracted widespread attention for many years, and is correlated with a sharp increase in the quantity of pollutant discharge such as agricultural fertilizers and industrial wastewater. In this study, several factors were selected for evaluating and regionalizing the water environmental capacity by ArcGIS spatial analysis, including geomorphologic characteristics, water quality goals, water body accessibility, water-dilution channels, and current water quality. Then, the spatial optimization of agriculture and industry was adjusted through overlay analysis, based on the balance between industrial space and water environmental capacity. The results show that the water environmental capacity gradually decreases from the west to the east, in contrast, the pollution caused by industrial and agricultural clustering is distributes along Taihu Lake, Gehu Lake and urban districts. The analysis of the agricultural space focuses on optimizing key protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and the shores of Gehu Lake, optimally adjusting the second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the urban areas of Changzhou and Wuxi cities. The analysis of industrial space focuses on optimizing the downtowns of Changzhou and Wuxi cities, optimally adjusting key protected areas and second protected areas of the Taihu Lake Basin, and generally adjusting the south and southwest of Gehu Lake. Lastly, some schemes of industrial and agricultural layouts and policies for the direction of industrial and agricultural development were proposed, reflecting a correlation between industry and agriculture and the water environment.

关键词：水环境容量优化调整太湖流域工业废水农业化肥重污染区中国污染物排放量

Spatial correlations between urbanization and river water pollution in the heavily polluted area of Taihu Lake Basin, China

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2013年第4期23卷 735-752页

作者：赵海霞段学军 Becky STEWART 尤本胜蒋晓威 State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology CAS Nanjing 210008 China Scientific Editor White Clay Editorial Newark DE 19711 USA College of Territorial Resources and Tourism Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241003 Anhui China

Water pollution in the Taihu Lake Basin has been the focus of attention in China and abroad for a long time, due to its position in the forefront of urban development in China. Based on data gathering and processing from 84 monitoring sections in this heavily polluted area, this study first analyzes spatial patterns of urbanization and the distribution of river water pollution, and then uses the GeoDa bivariate spatial autocorrelation model to investigate the spatial correlation between urbanization and river water pollution at the scale of township units. The results show that urbanization has adverse impacts on water pollution, and the influence varies in different levels of development areas. The urban township units have the highest level of urbanization and highest pollution, but the best water quality; the suburban units have lower level of urbanization, but higher pollution and worse water quality; however the rural units have the lowest level of urbanization and lowest pollution, mainly affected by upstream pollution, but worst water quality. Lastly, urban and rural planning committees, while actively promoting the process of development in the region, should gradually resolve the issue of pollution control lagging behind urban life and urban develop- ment, giving priority to construction of centralized sewage treatment facilities and associated pipeline network coverage in the rural areas and suburban areas.

关键词： urbanization river water pollution spatial correlation heavily polluted area

3种入侵和本地沉水植物形态和生理性状对螺类牧食的响应

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第3期15卷 571-580页

作者： Xiaolong Huang Jinlei Yu Baohua Guan Hongmin Xie Shuailing Liu Hu He Kuanyi Li State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Jiangsu Jiangda Eco technology Co. Ltd.Wuxi 214135China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityWanzhou 404000China

沉水植物水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana)已成为中国太湖流域的优势入侵水生植物。与外来物种的原产地环境相比,引入地新环境中存在的专食性天敌较少。外来物种可能会逃避其原产地环境中的天敌牧食,又因为它们的适口性相对较差,从而导致在... 详细信息

沉水植物水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana)已成为中国太湖流域的优势入侵水生植物。与外来物种的原产地环境相比,引入地新环境中存在的专食性天敌较少。外来物种可能会逃避其原产地环境中的天敌牧食,又因为它们的适口性相对较差,从而导致在引入地外来物种通常比本地物种遭受的牧食者影响更低(天敌逃逸假说)。本研究的目的是比较水盾草与共生的本地沉水植物对本地牧食者的响应。我们进行了一个中宇宙尺度实验,研究了水盾草和两种共生的本地沉水植物黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)和穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)对两种本地广食性腹足纲螺类萝卜螺(Radix swinhoei)和环棱螺(Sinotaia quadrata)的牧食响应。记录了它们的形态性状指标(总生物量、冠根比和相对生长率)和生理性状指标(叶片总非结构性碳、木质素和纤维素)。研究结果表明,环棱螺对3种沉水植物性状指标的影响较少。随着本地广食性螺类萝卜螺数量的增加,黑藻和穗花狐尾藻大部分植物性状发生了改变,而水盾草的植物性状表现出相对稳定的趋势。水盾草对萝卜螺的牧食更具抵抗力,这与天敌逃逸假说的假设一致。这一发现说明牧食性螺类促进了水盾草的入侵,这可能会改变沉水植物群落中的物种组成。

关键词：水生植物生物入侵水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana) 天敌逃逸假说太湖流域植物-牧食者关系

In-situ observations of internal dissolved heavy metal release in relation to sediment suspension in lake Taihu, China

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2020年第11期32卷 120-131页

作者： Tingfeng Wu Guangwei Zhu Jianghai Chen Tengteng Yang State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research institute Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200434China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Despite laboratory experiments that have been performed to study internal heavy metal release,our understanding of how heavy metals release in shallow eutrophic lakes remains limited for lacking in-situ *** study used automatic environmental sensors and a water sampling system to conduct high-frequency in-situ observations(1-hr intervals)of water environmental variables and to collect water samples(3-hr intervals),with which to examine the release of internal heavy metals in Lake Taihu,*** conditions of disturbance by strong northerly winds,sediment resuspension in both the estuary area and the lake center caused particulate heavy metal ***,the patterns of concentrations of dissolved heavy metals in these two areas were *** concentrations of dissolved Se and Mo increased in both areas,indicating that release of internal dissolved Se and Mo is triggered by sediment *** concentrations of dissolved Ni,Zn,As,Mn,Cu,V,and Co tended to increase in the estuary area but decrease in the lake *** different trends between these two areas were controlled by pH and cyanobacteria,which are related to *** the strong northerly winds,the decrease in concentrations of dissolved heavy metals in the lake center was attributable primarily to absorption by the increased suspended solids,and to growth-related assimilation or surface adsorption by the increased *** findings of this study suggest that,short-term changes of environmental conditions are very important in relation to reliable monitoring and risk assessment of heavy metals in shallow eutrophic lakes.

关键词： Heavy metals Sediment suspension Process observation Eutrophication

Temporal Stability of Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity Measured by Electromagnetic Induction Techniques

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Journal of Mountain science 2014年第1期11卷 98-109页

作者： LIAO Kai-hua ZHU Qing James DOOLITTLE State Key Laboratory of Lake science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences USDA-NRCS National Soil Survey Center

Assessing and managing the spatial variability of hydropedological properties are important in environmental,agricultural,and geological *** spatial variability of soil apparent electrical conductivity(ECa) measured by electromagnetic induction(EMI) techniques has been widely used to infer the spatial variability of hydrological and pedological *** this study,temporal stability analysis was conducted for measuring repeatedly soil ECa in an agricultural landscape in *** temporal stability was statistically compared with the soil moisture,terrain indices(slope,topographic wetness index(TWI),and profile curvature),and soil properties(particle size distribution,depth to bedrock,Mn mottle content,and soil type).Locations with great and temporally unstable soil ECa were also associated with great and unstable soil moisture,*** ECa were greater and more unstable in the areas with great TWI(TWI > 8),gentle and concave slope(slope 0.2).Soil ECa exponentially increased with depth to bedrock,and soil profile silt and Mn mottle contents(R2= 0.57),quadratically(R2 = 0.47),and linearly(R 2 = 0.47),*** ECa was greater and more unstable in Gleysol and Nitosol soils,which were distributed in areas with low elevation( 3 m),and fluctuated water table(shallow in winter and spring but deep in summer and fall).In contrast,Acrisol,Luvisol,and Cambisol soils,which are distributed in the upper slope areas,had lower and more stable soil *** these observations,we concluded that the temporal stability of soil ECa can be used to interpret the spatial and temporal variability of these hydropedological properties.

关键词： Geophysics Pedology Soil hydrology Soil water content

A high-resolution climatic change since the Late Glacial Age inferred from multi-proxy of sediments in Qinghai Lake

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science China Earth sciences 2005年第6期48卷 742-751页

作者： Ryo Matsumoto Geology institute Tokyo University Tokyo 113 Japan

Based on multi-proxy analysis of pollen, carbonate, TOC, TN and δ13C of organic matters, a high-resolution climatic evolution of Qinghai Lake since the Late Glacial Age is recon-structed. The results indicate that the boundary between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Glacial Age is at about 18.2 *** BP. The warm and wet period, which began at about 15.4 *** BP, culminated at 7.4 *** BP and came to its end at about 4.5 *** BP. After that, the climate gradually became cold and dry. The multi-proxy analysis indicates that the climate fluc-tuated greatly during the transitional period from the Late glacial Age to the Holocene, and this is in good accordance with that reflected by deep sea cores of North Atlantic, ice cores of Greenland, lake sediments in Europe, loess sequences and Guliya ice core in China. The cli-matic evolutional characteristic of the Qinghai Lake since the Late Glacial Age shows that the driving force of the East-Asia Monsoon correlates with solar radiation on the ten-thousand-year scale.

关键词： Qinghai Lake, Late-Glacial Age to Holocene, multi-proxy analysis, high-resolution, palaeoclimate.