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Real-time,single-particle chemical composition,volatility and mixing state measurements of urban aerosol particles in southwest China

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 361-371页

作者： Luyao Chen Junke Zhang Jiaqi Li Xiaojuan Huang Yuzheng Xiang Jing Chen Tingru Pan Wei Zhang Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China School of Atmospheric sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China sichuan Environmental Monitoring Center Chengdu 610074China

To investigate the volatility of atmospheric particulates and the evolution of other particulate properties(chemical composition,particle size distribution and mixing state)with temperature,a thermodenuder coupled with a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer was used to conduct continuous observations of atmospheric fine particles in Chengdu,southwest *** of their complex sources and secondary reaction processes,the average mass spectra of single particles contained a variety of chemical components(including organic,inorganic and metal species).When the temperature rose from room temperature to280℃,the relative areas of volatile and semi-volatile components decreased,while the relative areas of less or non-volatile components ***(>80%)nitrate and sulfate existed in the form of NH_(4)NO_(3)and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),and their volatilization temperatures were50–100℃and 150–280℃,*** contribution of biomass burning(BB)and vehicle emission(VE)particles increased significantly at 280℃,which emphasized the important role of regional biomass burning and local motor vehicle emissions to the core of *** the increase in temperature,the particle size of the particles coated with volatile or semi-volatile components was reduced,and their mixing with secondary inorganic components was significantly *** formation of K-nitrate(KNO_(3))and K-sulfate(KSO_(4))particles was dominated by liquid-phase processes and photochemical reactions,*** KNO_(3)and BB particles is the key to improving *** new results are helpful towards better understanding the initial sources,pollution formation mechanisms and climatic effects of fine particulate matter in this megacity in southwest China.

关键词： Atmospheric fine particles TD-SPAMS Chemical composition Volatility Mixing state

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Evaluating transient behaviour of large-scale photovoltaic systems during lightning events using enhanced finite difference time domain method with variable cell size approach

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High Voltage 2024年第3期9卷 636-647页

作者： Ibrahim Hetita Diaa-Eldin A.Mansour Yang Han Ping Yang Congling Wang Mohamed M.F.Darwish Matti Lehtonen Amr S.Zalhaf School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)ChengduChina Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt Electrical Power and Machines Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEgypt-Japan University of Science and TechnologyAlexandriaEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation School of Electrical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland

Photovoltaic(PV)arrays are usually installed in open areas;hence,they are vulnerable to lightning strikes that can result in cell degradation,complete damage,service disruption,and increased maintenance *** a result,it is imperative to develop an effective and efficient lightning protection system by evaluating the transient behaviour of PV arrays during lightning *** aim is to evaluate the transient analysis of large-scale PV systems when subjected to lightning strikes using the finite difference time domain(FDTD)*** overvoltages are calculated at various points within the mounting *** optimise the FDTD method's execution time and make it more suitable for less powerful hardware,a variable cell size approach is ***,larger cell dimensions are used in the earthing system and smaller cell dimensions are used in the mounting *** FDTD method is utilised to calculate the temporal variation of transient overvoltages for large-scale PV systems under different scenarios,including variations in the striking point,soil resistivity,and the presence of a metal *** results indicate that the highest transient overvoltages occur at the striking point,and these values increase with the presence of a PV metal frame as well as with higher soil ***,a comparison is performed between the overvoltage results obtained from the FDTD approach and the partial element equivalent circuit(PEEC)method at the four corner points of the mounting systems to demonstrate the superior accuracy of the FDTD ***,a laboratory experiment is conducted on a small-scale PV system to validate the simulation *** calculated overvoltages obtained from the FDTD and PEEC methods are compared with the measured values,yielding a mean absolute error of 5%and 11%for the FDTD and PEEC methods,respectively,thereby confirming the accuracy of the FDTD simulation model.

关键词： transient behaviour finite

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Flexible MXene/sodium alginate composite fabric with high structural stability and oxidation resistance for electromagnetic interference shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5326-5335页

作者： Hao-Wen Zhang Lu-Yao Yang Meng-Lin Huang Ming-Hua Cheng Zhe-Sheng Feng Fanbin Meng Zifeng Lin Yan Wang School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China College of Materials science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Wearable electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding fabrics with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance,oxidation resistance,and structural stability are highly demanded for the rapid development of electronic devices and wireless *** are metallic conductive materials with exceptional EMI shielding properties,but they are prone to oxidation in air and have poor structural stability and durability on fabric ***,we present a one-step assembly method to fabricate fabrics coated with MXenes and polymeric sodium alginate(SA)composite(MXene-SA).SA protects MXenes from oxidation and forms a stable interlayer structure by bonding to *** MXene-SA coated fabrics are breathable and flexible,and have a low sheet resistance of 2.12±0.08Ω/sq and a high EMI shielding performance of 37.05 dB at X-band,which is comparable to the best 42.31 ***,the MXene-SA coated fabrics exhibit high structural stability and oxidation resistance under various conditions of sonication disintegration,mechanical abuse,chemical corrosion,and humidity,compared to pure MXenes coated *** believe that the wearable and high-performance MXene-SA fabrics have great potential for the next generation of ultra-portable and wearable EMI shielding products.

关键词： MXenes electromagnetic interference shielding fabric one-step assembly

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Copper-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatizing amination of 2-naphthols:Csp^(2)–N coupling via 1,3-reductive elimination

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science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2694-2700页

作者： Aying Yihuo Maoping Pu Zheng Tan Jibang Liao Jiuqi Tan Qi-Lin Zhou Xiaohua Liu Xiaoming Feng Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Frontiers Science Centerfor New Organic MatterNankai UniversityTianjin300071China

An efficient catalytic asymmetric dearomatizing amination of 2-naphthols and phenols catalyzed by N,N′-dioxide-copper(I)complex as a chiral catalyst was presented.A variety of optically activeβ-naphthalenone compounds with a nitrogen-containing quaternary carbon stereocenter were obtained with high yield and enantioselectivity under mild reaction *** studies indicated that this Csp^(2)–N dearomatizing coupling proceeds via 1,3-reductive elimination of phenolate-Cu~Ⅲ-amino intermediate in five-membered ring transition *** origin of enantioselectivity has also been elucidated based on density functional theory calculations.

关键词： asymmetric catalysis amination dearomatization copper catalysis coupling reaction

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Aerodynamic Super-Repellent Surfaces

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 115-122页

作者： Fanfei Yu Jinlong Yang Ran Tao Yao Tan Jinpei Wang Dehui Wang Longquan Chen Zuankai Wang Xu Deng Institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054P.R.China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077P.R.China School of Physics.University of Electronic science and technology of China Chengdu 610054P.R.China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region 999077P.R.China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110P.R.China

Repelling liquid drops from engineering surfaces has attracted great attention in a variety of *** achieve efficient liquid shedding,delicate surface textures are often introduced to sustain air pockets at the liquid-solid ***,those surfaces are prone to suffer from mechanical failure,which may bring reliability issues and thus limits their ***,inspired by the aerodynamic Leidenfrost effect,we present that impacting drops are directionally repelled from smooth surfaces supplied with an exogenous air *** theoretical analysis reveals that the synchronized nonwetting and oblique bouncing behavior is attributed to the aerodynamic force arising from the air *** versatility and practicability of our approach allow for drop repellency without the aid of any surface wettability treatment and also avoid the consideration of mechanical stability issues,which thereby provides a promising candidate for the applications that necessitate liquid shedding,e.g.,resolve the problem of tiny raindrop adhesion on the automobile side window during driving.

关键词： thereby driving attributed

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Superhydrophobic Surface-Assisted Preparation of Microspheres and Supraparticles and Their Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 110-138页

作者： Mengyao Pan Huijuan Shao Yue Fan Jinlong Yang Jiaxin Liu Zhongqian Deng Zhenda Liu Zhidi Chen Jun Zhang Kangfeng Yi Yucai Su Dehui Wang Xu Deng Fei Deng Institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731People’s Republic of China School of Materials science and Engineering Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110People’s Republic of China Pharmaceutical Glass Co.Ltd Zibo 256100People’s Republic of China Department of Nephropathy School of MedicineSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduPeople’s Republic of China Department of Nephrology Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Jinniu HospitalChengdu Jinniu District People’s HospitalChengduPeople’s Republic of China

Superhydrophobic surface(SHS) has been well developed, as SHS renders the property of minimizing the water/solid contact interface. Water droplets deposited onto SHS with contact angles exceeding 150°, allow them to retain spherical shapes, and the low adhesion of SHS facilitates easy droplet collection when tilting the substrate. These characteristics make SHS suitable for a wide range of applications. One particularly promising application is the fabrication of microsphere and supraparticle materials. SHS offers a distinct advantage as a universal platform capable of providing customized services for a variety of microspheres and supraparticles. In this review, an overview of the strategies for fabricating microspheres and supraparticles with the aid of SHS, including cross-linking process, polymer melting,and droplet template evaporation methods, is first presented. Then, the applications of microspheres and supraparticles formed onto SHS are discussed in detail, for example, fabricating photonic devices with controllable structures and tunable structural colors, acting as catalysts with emerging or synergetic properties, being integrated into the biomedical field to construct the devices with different medicinal purposes, being utilized for inducing protein crystallization and detecting trace amounts of analytes. Finally,the perspective on future developments involved with this research field is given, along with some obstacles and opportunities.

关键词： Superhydrophobic surface Microspheres and supraparticles Photonic devices Catalysts Biomedical and trace detections

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Modification of plasma protein for bioprinting via photopolymerization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第8期35卷 486-490页

作者： Wenbi Wu Yinchu Dong Haofan Liu Xuebing Jiang Li Li Yi Zhang Maling Gou Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Chengdu OrganoidMed Medical Laboratory West China Health ValleyChengdu 610043China

Bioprinting is emerging as an advanced tool in tissue ***,there is still a lack of bioinks able to form hydrogels with desirable bioactivities that support positive cell *** this study,modified plasma proteins capable of forming hydrogels with multiple biological functions are developed as bioinks for digital light processing(DLP)*** Plasma-MA(BM)was synthesized via a one-pot method through the reaction between the fresh frozen plasma and methacrylic *** methacry-lated levels were observed to influence the physical properties of BM hydrogels including mechanical properties,swelling,and *** photo-crosslinked BM hydrogels can sustainedly release vascu-lar endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and exhibit positive biological effects on cell adhesion and prolifer-ation,and cell functionality such as tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs),and neurite elongation of rat pheochromocytoma cells(PC12).Meanwhile,BM hydrogels can also induce cell infiltration,modulate immune response,and promote angiogenesis in ***,the plasma bioinks can be used to fabricate customized scaffolds with complex structures through a DLP printing *** findings implicate that the modified plasma with growth factor release is a promising candidate for bioprinting in autologous and personalized tissue engineering.

关键词： Bioprinting Bioink Photopolymerization Plasma Growth factor

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Bi-level Multi-leader Multi-follower Stackelberg Game Model for Multi-energy Retail Package Optimization

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 225-237页

作者： Hongjun Gao Hongjin Pan Rui An Hao Xiao Yanhong Yang Shuaijia He Junyong Liu the College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China the Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power CompanyNanjing 211100China the Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In the competitive energy market,energy retailers are facing the uncertainties of both energy price and demand,which requires them to formulate reasonable energy purchasing and selling strategies for improving their competitiveness in this ***,the attractive multi-energy retail packages are the key for retailers to increase their ***,combined with incentive means and price signals,five types of multi-energy retail packages such as peak-valley time-of-use(TOU)price package and day-night bundled price package are designed in this paper for *** iterative interactions between retailers and end-users are modeled using a bi-level model of stochastic optimization based on multi-leader multi-follower(MLMF)Stackelberg game,in which retailers are leaders and end-users are *** make decisions to maximize the profit considering the conditional value at risk(CVaR)while end-users optimize the satisfaction of both energy comfort and ***,a distributed algorithm is proposed to obtain the Nash equilibrium of above MLMF Stackelberg game model while the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm and CPLEX solver are applied to solve the optimization model for each participant(retailer or end-user).Numeral results show that the designed retail packages can increase the overall profit of retailers,and the overall satisfaction of industrial users is the highest while that of residential users is the lowest after game interaction.

关键词： Conditional value at risk(CVaR) energy retailer multi-energy retail package design multi-leader multi-follower(MLMF)Stackelberg game satisfaction

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Real-time Operation Optimization in Active Distribution Networks Based on Multi-agent Deep Reinforcement Learning

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 886-899页

作者： Jie Xu Hongjun Gao Renjun Wang Junyong Liu the College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina

The increasing integration of intermittent renewable energy sources(RESs)poses great challenges to active distribution networks(ADNs),such as frequent voltage *** paper proposes a novel ADN strategy based on multiagent deep reinforcement learning(MADRL),which harnesses the regulating function of switch state transitions for the realtime voltage regulation and loss *** deploying the calculated optimal switch topologies,the distribution network operator will dynamically adjust the distributed energy resources(DERs)to enhance the operation performance of ADNs based on the policies trained by the MADRL *** to the model-free characteristics and the generalization of deep reinforcement learning,the proposed strategy can still achieve optimization objectives even when applied to similar but unseen ***,integrating parameter sharing(PS)and prioritized experience replay(PER)mechanisms substantially improves the strategic performance and *** framework has been tested on modified IEEE 33-bus,IEEE 118-bus,and three-phase unbalanced 123-bus *** results demonstrate the significant real-time regulation capabilities of the proposed strategy.

关键词： Reconfiguration active distribution network distributed energy resource real-time control deep reinforcement learning parameter sharing scalability

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High-throughput screening of single-atom catalysts confined in monolayer black phosphorus for efficient nitrogen reduction reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2360-2367页

作者： Xiao-Yan Li Manyi Duan Pengfei Ou Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

The discovery of metal-nitrogen centers as the active sites for electrolysis has aroused significant interest in utilizing single-atom catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).Properly designed nanostructured catalysts that strongly interact with nitrogen molecules(N_(2))can promote adsorption and activation,thereby resulting in efficient catalysts with high stability,activity,and *** this study,using density functional theory calculations,we selected monolayer black phosphorus(BP)as the substrate and screened a series of single-atom transition metals confined in tri-coordinated and tetra-coordinated active centers(without and with N dopants)to electro-catalyze *** a result,we have identified two promising candidates(Hf_(1)-N_(1)P_(2)-1 and Tc_(1)-N_(4)),which exhibit not only low overpotentials of 0.56 and 0.49 V but also high thermodynamic and electrochemical stability,as well as good selectivity towards NRR over the competing hydrogen evolution *** also demonstrate the ability of Hf_(1)-N_(1)P_(2)-1 and Tc_(1)-N_(4) to activate and hydrogenate N_(2) by donating electrons and regulating charge *** study not only predicts new BP-based promising catalysts but also provides guidance for the rational design of high-performance NRR electrocatalysts under ambient conditions.

关键词： N_(2) electroreduction reaction single-atom catalysts black phosphorus density functional theory high-throughput calculations

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