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Enhanced removal of antibiotic resistance genes during chicken manure composting after combined inoculation of Bacillus subtilis with biochar

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第1期135卷 274-284页

作者： Zewen Wu Luan Zhang Hao Lin Shungui Zhou Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China School of Environmental science and Engineering Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and RemediationHubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology Wuyi UniversityWuyishan 354300China

This study explored the combined effects of Bacillus subtilis inoculation with biochar on the evolution of bacterial communities,antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)during the composting of chicken *** results showed that *** inoculation combined with biochar increased bacterial abundance and diversity as well as prolonged the compost thermophilic *** organic matter biodegradation and facilitated the organic waste compost humification process,reduced the proliferation of ARGs by altering the bacterial *** and Actinobacteriota were the main resistant bacteria related to ARGs and *** decrease in ARGs and MGEs was associated with the reduction in the abundance of related host *** inoculation with *** and the addition of biochar could promote nutrient transformation,reduce the increase in ARGs and MGEs,and increase the abundance of beneficial soil taxa.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance gene Bacillus subtilis Bacterial community Biochar Composting

Evolution and conservation genetics of pangolins

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 426-441页

作者： Tongtong GU Jingyang HU Li YU State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

Pangolins(Pholidota,Manidae)are classified as an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered mammal due to their unique morphology(nail-like scales and a myrmecophagous diet)and being the victim of heavy poaching and worldwide *** such,pangolins serve as a textbook example for studying the special phenotypic evolutionary adaptations and conservation genetics of an endangered *** years have demonstrated significant advancements in the fields of molecular genetics and genomics,which have translated to a series of important research achievements and breakthroughs concerning the evolution and conservation genetics of *** review comprehensively presents the hitherto advances in phylogeny,adaptive evolution,conservation genetics,and conservation genomics that are related to pangolins,which will provide an ample understanding of their diversity,molecular adaptation mechanisms,and evolutionary *** addition,we highlight the priority of investigating species/population diversity among pangolins and suggest several avenues of research that are highly relevant for future pangolin conservation.

关键词： adaptive evolution conservation genetics conservation genomics pangolins phylogeny

Dynamics and vibration reduction performance of asymmetric tristable nonlinear energy sink

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 389-406页

作者： Hongyan CHEN Youcheng ZENG Hu DING Siukai LAI Liqun CHEN School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Center of MechanoinformaticsShanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina

With its complex nonlinear dynamic behavior,the tristable system has shown excellent performance in areas such as energy harvesting and vibration suppression,and has attracted a lot of *** this paper,an asymmetric tristable design is proposed to improve the vibration suppression efficiency of nonlinear energy sinks(NESs)for the first *** proposed asymmetric tristable NES(ATNES)is composed of a pair of oblique springs and a vertical ***,the three stable states,symmetric and asymmetric,can be achieved by the adjustment of the distance and stiffness asymmetry of the oblique *** governing equations of a linear oscillator(LO)coupled with the ATNES are *** approximate analytical solution to the coupled system is obtained by the harmonic balance method(HBM)and verified *** vibration suppression efficiency of three types of ATNES is *** results show that the asymmetric design can improve the efficiency of vibration reduction through comparing the chaotic motion of the NES oscillator between asymmetric steady *** addition,compared with the symmetrical tristable NES(TNES),the ATNES can effectively control smaller structural *** other words,the ATNES can effectively solve the threshold problem of TNES failure to weak ***,this paper reveals the vibration reduction mechanism of the ATNES,and provides a pathway to expand the effective excitation amplitude range of the NES.

关键词： asymmetric nonlinear energy sink(NES) tristable vibration control po-tential barrier

Multifunctional photothermal hydrogels: Design principles, various functions, and promising biological applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第10期35卷 53-62页

作者： Zikang Hu Hengjie Zhang Zhengqiu Li Tianbao Zhao Zhipeng Gu Qijuan Yuan Baoshu Chen School of Materials science and Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China College of Polymer science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Photothermal hydrogels with excellent photo responsive and thermal conversion ability had attract a great deal of attention from researchers to explore their biological *** review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of photothermal hydrogels,focusing on their design principles,various functions,and biological ***,several classifications of photothermal hydrogels were given according to different photothermal agents(metal,metal sulfide/oxide,MXene,carbon-based,dyes,black phosphorus,and polymer)utilized in hydrogel *** photothermal conversion mechanism and hydrogel fabrication were also discussed in ***,the relationship between their photothermal conversion property and functions,together with some indispensable property such as biocompatibility,adhesion,mechanical properties,and self-healing properties was fully ***,the ap-plications of photothermal hydrogels in the biomedical(i.e.,wound healing,antibacterial treatments,con-trolled drug release,bone repair,and tumor treatment)was ***,the future opportunities and challenges of photothermal hydrogels were *** believe that this review could provide a new horizon for further preparation of photothermal hydrogels,and could promote their applications in widerfields.

关键词： Photothermal agents Photothermal conversion Multifunctional hydrogels Wound healing Tissue repair

Nano-effect enhanced cooperative luminescence of Yb^(3+) clusters in bulk materials

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 473-478,I0002页

作者： Daguang Li Jiahao Cui Yanhui Dong Hao Cui Dan Zhao Weiping Qin State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

In order to improve the multi-ion cooperative transition, we proposed and exploited a novel nanoscale effect, namely the nanoshell effect in bulk materials. Based on the effect, an optimal material structure was designed by coating the surfaces of Ca F_(2):Yb^(3+)micron size particles with ZrO_(2). An about 2 times higher intensity of cooperative luminescence is observed upon laser excitation at 980 nm. Dynamical analysis exhibits that the novel effect plays a key role in improving the performance of cooperative transitions. Our results also suggest that the nanoshell effect in bulk materials is likely to be significant in some special cases, which have not been reported yet in the literature.

关键词： Yb^(3+)cluster ZrO_(2) Nanoshell Enhancement Cooperative luminescence Rare earths

Power transfer efficiency in an air-breathing radio frequency ion thruster

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 430-438页

作者：黄高煌李宏高飞王友年 Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ionand Electron Beams(Ministry of Education)School of PhysicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China College of Physical science and Technology Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China

Due to a series of challenges such as low-orbit maintenance of satellites, the air-breathing electric propulsion has got widespread attention. Commonly, the radio frequency ion thruster is favored by low-orbit missions due to its high specific impulse and efficiency. In this paper, the power transfer efficiency of the radio frequency ion thruster with different gas compositions is studied experimentally, which is obtained by measuring the radio frequency power and current of the antenna coil with and without discharge operation. The results show that increasing the turns of antenna coils can effectively improve the radio frequency power transfer efficiency, which is due to the improvement of Q factor. In pure N_2 discharge,with the increase of radio frequency power, the radio frequency power transfer efficiency first rises rapidly and then exhibits a less steep increasing trend. The radio frequency power transfer efficiency increases with the increase of gas pressure at relatively high power, while declines rapidly at relatively low power. In N_(2)/O_(2) discharge, increasing the N_(2) content at high power can improve the radio frequency power transfer efficiency, but the opposite was observed at low power. In order to give a better understanding of these trends, an analytic solution in limit cases is utilized, and a Langmuir probe was employed to measure the electron density. It is found that the evolution of radio frequency power transfer efficiency can be well explained by the variation of plasma resistance, which is related to the electron density and the effective electron collision frequency.

关键词： radio frequency ion thruster inductively coupled plasma power transfer efficiency analytic solution

FPGA and computer-vision-based atom tracking technology for scanning probe microscopy

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 76-85页

作者：俞风度刘利王肃珂张新彪雷乐黄远志马瑞松郇庆 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China ACME (Beijing) Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 101407China Key Laboratory for Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Atom tracking technology enhanced with innovative algorithms has been implemented in this study,utilizing a comprehensive suite of controllers and software independently developed *** an on-board field-programmable gate array(FPGA)with a core frequency of 100 MHz,our system facilitates reading and writing operations across 16 channels,performing discrete incremental proportional-integral-derivative(PID)calculations within 3.4 *** upon this foundation,gradient and extremum algorithms are further integrated,incorporating circular and spiral scanning modes with a horizontal movement accuracy of 0.38 *** integration enhances the real-time performance and significantly increases the accuracy of atom *** tracking achieves an equivalent precision of at least 142 pm on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)surface under room temperature atmospheric *** applying computer vision and image processing algorithms,atom tracking can be used when scanning a large *** techniques primarily consist of two algorithms:the region of interest(ROI)-based feature matching algorithm,which achieves 97.92%accuracy,and the feature description-based matching algorithm,with an impressive 99.99%*** implementation approaches have been tested for scanner drift measurements,and these technologies are scalable and applicable in various domains of scanning probe microscopy with broad application prospects in the field of nanoengineering.

关键词： atom tracking FPGA computer vision drift measurement

Ultralong hydroxyapatite-based forward osmosis membrane for freshwater generation

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 37-49页

作者： Mohamed Gamal Gomaa Hamdy Maamoun Abdel-Ghafar Francesco Galiano Francesca Russo Alberto Figoli El-Sayed Ali Abdel-Aal Abdel-Hakim Taha Kandil Bahaa Ahmed Salah Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI) 11421 CairoEgypt Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan University11795 CairoEgypt Institute on Membrane Technology(CNR-ITM) 87036 RendeItaly

Increasing global water shortages are accelerating the pace of membrane manufacturing,which generates many environmentally harmful *** challenges need a radical rethink of developing innovative membranes that can address freshwater production without generating environmentally harmful *** work utilized the synthesized ultra-long hydroxyapatite(UHA)by the solvothermal method using the green solvent oleic acid in preparing UHA-based forward osmosis *** membranes were developed using different loading ratios of graphene oxide(GO)by vacuum-assisted filtration *** prepared GO/UHA membranes were identified using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron *** contact angle and pore size distribution were determined for the obtained GO/UHA *** obtained hierarchical porous structure in the prepared membranes with interconnected channels results in a stable water flux with reverse salt *** best water flux rate of 42±2 L·m^(–2)·h^(–1)was achieved using the 50 mg GO/UHA membrane,which is 3.3 times higher than the pristine membrane,and a reverse salt flux of 67 g·m^(-2)·h^(–1).The obtained results showed a promising capability of a new generation of sustainable inorganic-based membranes that can be utilized in freshwater generation by energy-efficient techniques such as forward osmosis.

关键词： forward osmosis ultra-long hydroxyapatite graphene oxide inorganic-based membrane

Identification of Motor Nuclei in the Medulla Oblongata of Carp for Biological Control

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 842-851页

作者： Yang Zhao Yong Peng Yudong Wen Lingjun Han Yanhong Yan Xueying Dong Hui Zhang Zheng Zhao Xiaoyue Liu School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Key Laboratory of National Defense of Mechanical Structure and Material science Under Extreme Conditions Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Institute of Marine science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Shijiazhuang University Shijiazhuang050035China

Brain-controlled technology is the key technology in biological control,and the corresponding relationship between animal brain nuclei and motor behavior is the *** purpose of this study was to explore the motor nuclei of the medulla oblongata in *** carps were subjected to electrical stimulation and chemical stimulation experiments,respectively,in the water-free state,and the effective chemical stimulation sites were injected with the pontamine sky blue *** brain tissue sections were obtained by paraffin tissue section technology and the neutral red staining *** comparing the positions of the brain nuclei shown in earlier studies,the motor nerve nuclei in the medulla oblongata were *** brain electrode was implanted into the motor nucleus of the medulla oblongata,and the underwater control experiment and behavioral tests were carried out with different electrical stimulation *** results showed that the abducens nucleus(NVI)was the motor nucleus that controls the ipsilateral steering,and the facial nucleus(NVII)was the motor nucleus that controls the forward *** adjusting the stimulation voltage and the stimulation pulse number,the carp can be stably controlled to achieve a left–right steering motion of 30°–180°and a forward motion of more than 80 cm/*** study indicated that the quantitative control of the steering and forward behavior of the carp can be achieved by electrical stimulation of the NVI and NVII,which provided a certain experimental basis for the accurate control of the carp robot.

关键词： Biological control Carp Medulla oblongata motor nucleus Electrical stimulation technique Chemical stimulation technique