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Long-term variations in runoff of the Syr Darya River Basin under climate change and human activities

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第1期13卷 56-70页

作者： Sanim BISSENBAYEVA Jilili ABUDUWAILI Assel SAPAROVA Toqeer AHMED State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty 050040Kazakhstan Institute of Geography Satbayev UniversityAlmaty 050010Kazakhstan Centre for Climate Research and Development COMSATS University IslamabadTarlai Kalan 45550Pakistan

In this study,we analyzed the hydrological and meteorological data from the Syr Darya River Basin during the period of 1930–2015 to investigate variations in river runoff and the impacts of climate change and human activities on river *** Syr Darya River,which is supplied by snow and glacier meltwater upstream,is an important freshwater source for Central Asia,as nearly half of the population is concentrated in this *** runoff in this arid region is sensitive to climate change and human ***,estimation of the climatic and hydrological changes and the quantification of the impacts of climate change and human activities on river runoff are of great concern and important for regional water resources *** long-term trends of hydrological time series from the selected 11 hydrological stations in the Syr Darya River Basin were examined by non-parametric methods,including the Pettitt change point test and Mann-Kendall trend *** was found that 8 out of 11 hydrological stations showed significant downward trends in river runof *** of river runoff variations occurred in the year around ***,during the study period(1930–2015),annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,and annual potential evapotranspiration in the river basin increased *** employed hydrological sensitivity method to evaluate the impacts of climate change and human activities on river runoff based on precipitation and potential *** was estimated that human activities accounted for over 82.6%–98.7%of the reduction in river runoff,mainly owing to water withdrawal for irrigation *** observed variations in river runoff can subsequently lead to adverse ecological consequences from an ecological and regional water resources management perspective.

关键词： river runoff variations water resources management land use/land cover changes Mann-Kendall trend test hydrological sensitivity analysis Aral Sea Central Asia

Octahedral silver oxide nanoparticles enabling remarkable SERS activity for detecting circulating tumor cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第3期65卷 561-571页

作者： Meng He Jie Lin Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru Xiawei Xu Yanying Li Yi Cao Yanping Xu Aiguo Wu Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and ApplicationCAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices&Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China

The detection of circulating tumor cells(CTCs)is a crucial tool for early cancer diagnosis,prognosis,and postoperative ***,detection sensitivity remains a major challenge because CTCs are extremely rare in peripheral *** effectively detect CTCs,octahedral Ag_(2)O nanoparticles(NPs)with high dispersibility,good biocompatibility,remarkable surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)enhancement,and obvious enhancement selectivity are designed as an SERS ***_(2)O NPs with many oxygen vacancy defects are successfully synthesized,which exhibit an ultra-high SERS enhancement factor(1.98×10^(6))for 4-mercaptopyridine *** remarkable SERS activity of octahedral Ag_(2)O NPs is derived from the synergistic effect of the surface defect-promoted photo-induced charge transfer(PICT)process and strong vibration coupling resonance in the Ag_(2)O-molecule SERS complex,greatly amplifying the molecular Raman scattering *** promoted PICT process is confirmed using ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption spectroscopy,demonstrating that obvious PICT resonance occurs in Ag_(2)O SERS system under visible *** additional growth step of SERS bioprobe is proposed by modifying the Raman signal molecules and functional biological molecules on Ag_(2)O NPs for CTC *** Ag_(2)O-based SERS bioprobe exhibits excellent detection specificity for different cancer cells in rabbit ***,the high-sensitivity Ag_(2)O-based SERS bioprobe satisfies the requirement for rare CTC detection in the peripheral blood of cancer patients,and the detection limit can reach 1 cell per m *** our knowledge,this study is the first time that a semiconductor SERS substrate has been successfully utilized in CTC *** work provides new insights into CTC detection and the development of novel semiconductor-based SERS platforms for cancer diagnosis.

关键词： SERS CTCs octahedral Ag_(2)O NPs PICT cancer diagnosis

Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus removal,shifts of functional bacteria and fate of resistance genes in bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole stress

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 1-16页

作者： Yan Xu Danyi Zhang Qingju Xue Chibin Bu Yajun Wang Benchi Zhang YingWang Qingdong Qin Department of Municipal Engineering School of Civil EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Nanjing Institute of Geography&Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Department of Gastroenterology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Department of Environmental Systems Engineering University of ReginaSK S4S0A2Canada

To understand the long-term performance of bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole (SMX) stress, an unplanted bioretention system (BRS) and two modified BRSs with coconut-shell activated carbon (CAC) and CAC/zero-valent-iron (Fe^(0)) granules (CAC-BRS and Fe/CAC-BRS) were established. Both CAC-BRS and Fe/CAC-BRS significantly outperformed BRS in removing total nitrogen (TN)(CAC-BRS:82.48%;Fe/CAC-BRS:78.08%;BRS:47.51%), total phosphorous (TP)(CAC-BRS:79.36%;Fe/CAC-BRS:98.26%;BRS:41.99%),and SMX (CAC-BRS:99.74%, Fe/CAC-BRS:99.80%;BRS:23.05%) under the long-term SMX exposure (0.8 mg/L, 205 days). High-throughput sequencing revealed that the microbial community structures of the three BRSs shifted greatly in upper zones after SMX *** functional genera, dominantly Nitrospira, Rhodoplanes, Desulfomicrobium, Geobacter,were identified by combining the functional prediction by the FAPROTAX database with the dominant genera. The higher abundance of nitrogen functional genes (nirK, nirS and nos Z) in CAC-BRS and Fe/CAC-BRS might explain the more efficient TN removal in these two systems. Furthermore, the relative abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs)sul I and sulII increased in all BRSs along with SMX exposure, suggesting the selection of bacteria containing sul genes. Substrates tended to become reservoirs of sul genes. Also,co-occurrence network analysis revealed distinct potential host genera of ARGs between upper and lower zones. Notably, Fe/CAC-BRS succeeded to reduce the effluent sul genes by1-2 orders of magnitude, followed by CAC-BRS after 205-day exposure. This study demon-strated that substrate modification was crucial to maintain highly efficient nutrients and SMX removals, and ultimately extend the service life of BRSs in treating SMX wastewater.

关键词： Bioretention system Sulfamethoxazole Coconut-shell activated carbon Zero-valent iron

Genetic analysis of selected Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell (Sargassaceae, Phaeophyta) strains with RAPD and ISSR markers

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第3期37卷 783-789页

作者： YAO Jianting SHUAI Li LI Shengyao XU Caolu WANG Xiuliang Key Lab of Experimental Marine Biology Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Dongtou Yangqicai Research Institute Wenzhou 325700China

Since the 1980s,Sargassum fusiforme has been cultivated in Zhejiang,South China,and nowadays it becomes one of the important commercial seaweeds in *** traditions of eating habits in the East Asian countries,this brown alga is used as food,because it contained functional oligo/polysaccharides and chemical components,and was regarded playing roles in antioxidant activities and regulating *** over 15 years’selection,breeding and cultivation,we obtained three strains with good traits and testified their characters during the production,which included the cultivars with high yield and other two good characters,either all the selected strains were applied in the Sargassum *** avoid confusion during the selection and nursery,it was preferred to establish one fingerprint for distinguishing the Sargassum cultivars from different *** amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)and inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR)methods were adopted to analyze the genetic diversities of the selected *** *** that,one fingerprint with RAPD markers was constructed,and one sequence characterized amplifi ed region(SCAR)marker to *** was *** is indicated that the applied fingerprint could be valid in *** genetic and germplasm justification,and will be positive to molecular marker assistance in its selection and cultivation.

关键词： Sargassum fusiforme random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) sequence characterized amplified region(SCAR) genetic analysis

Permafrost warming along the Mo'he-Jiagedaqi section of the China-Russia crude oil pipeline

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 285-295页

作者： WANG Fei LI Guo-yu MA Wei MAO Yun-cheng MU Yan-hu SERBAN Mihaela CAI Yong-jun State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory of Transportation Safety of Oil & Gas Pipeline PetroChina Pipeline R & D Center

The permafrost along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP) is degrading since the pipeline operation in 2011. Heat dissipated from the pipeline, climate warming and anthropogenic activities leads to permafrost warming. The processes of permafrost warming along the CRCOP were studied based on the monitoring of air and soil temperatures, and electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) surveys. Results show that:(1) the mean annual air temperature(MAAT) in permafrost regions along the CRCOP increased with a rate of 0.21°C/10a–0.40°C/10 a during the past five decades;(2) the mean annual ground temperature(MAGT, at-15 m depth) of undisturbed permafrost increased by 0.2°C and the natural permafrost table remained unchanged due to the zero-curtain effect;(3) permafrost surrounding the uninsulated pipeline right-of-way warmed significantly compared with that in a natural site. During 2012–2017, the MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 2 m away from the pipeline centerline, increased at rates of 0.063°C/a and 1.0 m/a. The thaw bulb developed around the pipe and exhibits a faster lateral expansion;(4) 80-mm-thick insulation could reduce the heat exchange between the pipeline and underlying permafrost and then keep the permafrost and pipe stable. The MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 4.8 m away from the center line of the pipeline, increased by 0.3°C/a and 0.43 m/a, respectively. Due to the heat disturbance caused by warm oil, the degradation of wetland, controlled burn each autumn and climate warming, the permafrost extent reduced and warmed significantly along the CRCOP route. Field observations provide basic data to clarify the interactions between CRCOP and permafrost degradation and environmental effects in the context of climate change.

关键词： Permafrost warming China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline Air temperature Soil temperature Climate warming

Integration of 3D interconnected porous microstructure and high electrochemical property for boron-doped diamond by facile strategy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 26-35页

作者： Zhigang Lu Nan Huang Zhaofeng Zhai Bin Chen Lusheng Liu Haozhe Song Ziyao Yuan Chuyan Zhang Bing Yang Xin Jiang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Institute of Materials Engineering University of SiegenNo.9-11 Paul-Bonatz-Str.Siegen 57076Germany

Three-dimensional(3D)porous boron-doped diamond(BDD)flm is an attractive electrode material but tough to ***,the 3D porous BDD flms were constructed in a facile and template-free *** BDD/non-diamond carbon(NDC)composite flms were frstly fabricated by hot flament chemical vapor deposition(HFCVD)technique,and then the porous BDD flms with 3D interconnected porous microstructure,different pore size and NDC-free diamond were achieved by selective removal of *** is manifested that higher electrochemical response,large double layer capacitance(17.54 m F/cm^(2))in diamond electrodes,wide electrochemical window of 2.6 V and superior long-term stability were achieved for 3D porous BDD *** derives from the synergistic effect of microstructure and phase composition of the porous flms.3D interconnected structure possesses prominent improvement of effective surface area and accessible porous channel,signifcantly enhancing the species adsorption and mass ***3D porous BDD flms,composed of NDC-free diamond,exhibit excellent structural stability and corrosion resistance,which favor the enhancement of long-term stability and water splitting *** facile fabricating approach and excellent structure/electrochemical character demonstrate the appealing application in many electrochemical felds for 3D porous BDD flms,such as energy storage and conversion,wastewater treatment and purifcation.

关键词： Boron-doped diamond 3D porous Composite Electrochemistry

A Novel Enzyme-Responded Controlled Release Electrochemical Biosensor for Hyaluronidase Activity Detection

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2021年第1期5卷 69-75页

作者： Zhi-Xin Li Jia-Lu Zhang Jian Wang Fang Luo Bin Qiu Long-Hua Guo Zhen-Yu Lin Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food SafetyCollege of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China College of Biological Chemical Sciences and EngineeringJiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314001China

Hyaluronidase(HAase)has been regarded as one of the potential cancer *** this study,a novel enzyme-responded controlled release electrochemical biosensor has been constructed for HAase *** blue(MB)can be adsorbed on hyaluronic acid(HA)to form macromolecular HA–MB complex first through electrostatic interaction between anionic HA and positively charged *** prepared complex cannot be filtered out through centrifugal ultrafiltration,and small electrochemical signal can be recorded from the *** the help of HAase,HA–MB complex can be cleaved into small pieces through enzyme *** small pieces of HA–MB complex can be easily released from the macromolecular HA–MB complex to the ultrafiltrate by centrifugal ***,the enhanced electrochemical signal from MB can be detected in the above-mentioned *** enhanced diff erential pulse voltammetric response of the system has a linear relationship with HAase concentration in the range of 4.0–60 U·mL^(-1),with the limit of detection of 0.28 U·mL^(-1).The developed strategy has been successfully applied to detect HAase activity in urine samples.

关键词： Electrostatic interaction Controlled release Hyaluronic acid Hyaluronidase Methylene blue

Priority sites and conservation gaps of wintering waterbirds in the Yangtze River floodplain

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第10期30卷 1617-1632页

作者： XIA Shaoxia YU Xiubo LEI Jinyu HEARN Richard SMITH Bena LEI Gang XIE Ping Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Living Yangtze Program World Wide Fund for Nature ChinaWuhan 430060China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Wildfowl&Wetlands Trust SlimbridgeGloucestershire GL27BTUnited Kingdom State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China Institute of HydrobiologyCASWuhan 430072China

The Yangtze River floodplain is critical for migratory waterbirds along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). Greater awareness of its global importance is urgently needed to ensure waterbird populations remain in favourable conservation status, as well as the enhancement of wider wetland biodiversity within this region. The designation of protected wetland areas and building a green ecological corridor in the Yangtze floodplain is now becoming a critical issue of interest to the Chinese government. Priority sites in this area were identified based on the criteria used to identify sites that qualify as Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Sites) and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) by using multi-source data. The results show that 140 of the sites surveyed are priority sites. The Importance Index (/) for the whole floodplain decreased slightly from 2001–2005 and an unbalanced distribution pattern is evident with Jiangxi and Hunan provinces significantly higher than the other provinces in the floodplain. Although more than 60% of the priority sites are currently located outside protected areas, the average Conservation Effectiveness Index (C) of the whole floodplain is 75.6%, which suggests the coverage of protected areas for most wintering waterbird population is reasonable. Conservation of the Yangtze River floodplain needs to be further strengthened due to declining waterbird abundances and the mismatch between the distribution of protected areas and their importance for wintering waterbirds. A comprehensive system for priority site identification and protection and scientific review is needed. Multi-sourced data from regular, systematic and coordinated monitoring of waterbird distribution and abundance across the EAAF, as well as national scale citizen science programmes are also critically important.

关键词： wintering waterbirds Yangtze River floodplain priority site feeding guild

An experimental study:Integration device of Fiber Bragg grating and reinforced concrete beam for measuring debris flow impact force

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1526-1536页

作者： ZHANG Shao-jie CHEN Jiang Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences College of Architecture & Environment Sichuan University

The impact effect of boulder within debris flow is the key factor contributing to peak impact as well as to the failure of debris flow control work. So accurate measuring and calculating the impact force of debris flow can ensure the engineering design strength. However, limited to the existing laboratory conditions and piezoelectric sensor performance, it is impossible, based on the conventional measurements, to devise a computing method for expressing a reliable boulder impact force. This paper has therefore designed a new measurement device according to the method of integrating Fiber Bragg grating(FBG) and reinforced concrete composite beam(RCB) for measuring the impact force of debris flows, i.e. mounting FBG on the axially stressed steel bar in the composite beam at regular intervals to monitor the steel strain. RCB plays the role of contacting debris flow and protecting FBG sensors. Taking this new device as the experimental object, drop testing is designed for simulating and reflecting the boulder impact force. In a series of impacting tests, the relationship between the peak dynamic strain value of the steel bar and the impact force is analyzed, and based on which, an inversion model that uses the steel bar strain as the independent variable is established for calculating the boulder impact *** experimental results show that this new inversion model can determine the impact force value and its acting position with a system error of 18.1%, which can provide an experimental foundation for measuring the impact force of boulders within the debris flow by the new FBG-based device.

关键词： Fiber Bragg grating Measurementdevice Debris flow Boulder Impact force