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Tau truncation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease:a narrative review

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1221-1232页

作者： Dandan Chu Xingyue Yang Jing Wang Yan Zhou Jin-Hua Gu Jin Miao Feng Wu Fei Liu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology ProductsCoinnovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Pharmacy Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Laboratory of Animal Center Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurochemistry Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research FloorNew York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental DisabilitiesStaten IslandNYUSA

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellularβ-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau *** studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubuleassociated protein Tau,especially specific proteolysis,could be a driving force for Alzheimer's disease *** physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules,whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers,resulting in them gaining prion-like *** addition,Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent *** review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments,investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer's disease,and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease cleavage site diagnosis marker neurofibrillary tangles phosphorylation Tau Tau aggregation therapy truncation

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Exceptional Performance of 3D Additive Manufactured NiFe Phosphite Oxyhydroxide Hollow Tubular Lattice Plastic Electrode for Large-Current-Density Water Oxidization

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ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 262-273页

作者： Ding, Liping Zhang, Lin Li, Gaoyuan Chen, Shuyan Yan, Han Tu, Haibiao Su, Jianmin Li, Qi Tang, Yanfeng Wang, Yanqing nantong Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn Nantong 226007 Peoples R China

In this article, we report a 3D NiFe phosphite oxyhydroxide plastic electrode using high-resolution digital light processing (DLP) 3D-printing technology via induced chemical deposition method. The as-prepared 3D plastic electrode exhibits no template requirement, freedom design, low-cost, robust, anticorrosion, lightweight, and micro-nano porous characteristics. It can be drawn to the conclusion that highly oriented open-porous 3D geometry structure will be beneficial for improving surface catalytic active area, wetting performance, and reaction-diffusion dynamics of plastic electrodes for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysis process. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation interprets the origin of high activity of NiFe(PO3)O(OH) and demonstrates that the implantation of the -PO3 can effectively bind the 3d orbital of Ni in NiFe(PO3)O(OH), lead to the weak adsorption of intermediate, make electron more active to improve the conductivity, thereby lowing the transform free energy of *O to *OOH. The water oxidization performance of as-prepared 3D NiFe(PO3)O(OH) hollow tubular (HT) lattice plastic electrode has almost reached the state-of-the-art level compared with the as-reported large-current-density catalysts or 3D additive manufactured plastic/metal-based electrodes, especially for high current OER electrodes. This work breaks through the bottleneck that plagues the performance improvement of low-cost high-current electrodes.

关键词： 3D plastic electrode 3D printing induced chemical deposition large-current-density water oxidization NiFe phosphite oxyhydroxide EFFICIENT ELECTROCATALYST OXYGEN

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Modern pollen-vegetation relationships along altitudinal vegetation belts in the Leigong Mountain of southwestern China

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第7期21卷 2249-2262页

作者： LI Shuming ZHAO Wenwei WEI Lisi REN Weihe GU Qinran WU Siqi JI Yang YANG Ziteng ZHUANG Rui CHEN Chunzhu College of Geography and Tourism Hengyang Normal UniversityHengyang 421002China School of Geographical science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China State Key Laboratory of Modern Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of sciences Nanjing 210008China 4 University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Understanding the distribution,dispersal,and correlation of modern pollen with vegetation in mountainous regions is essential for establishing accurate modern analogs for fossil pollen *** study,conducted in Leigong Mountain on the YunnanGuizhou Plateau of southwestern China,involved the collection of 35 surface soil samples from diverse vegetation communities along an elevational gradient ranging from 1210 to 1875 *** results reveal a close correspondence between modern pollen assemblages and vegetation *** Component Analysis(PCA)results indicate that pollen assemblages can effectively distinguish between subtropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest(SEBF)and subtropical montane deciduous broadleaved forest(SDBF).However,both SEBF and SDBF show significant overlap with subtropical montane evergreen-deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest(SEMF).Detrended Correspondence Analysis(DCA)results clearly distinguish the three vegetation zones,and the first axis of DCA shows a significant positive correlation with elevation(p<0.01,R=0.48).Discriminant Analysis(DA)successfully assigns 94.4%of the modern pollen samples to their respective vegetation *** taxa such as Impatiens,Astertype,and Rosaceae exhibit significant indicative capabilities for the SEBF zone,effectively distinguishing this vegetation zone from *** and Alnus display overrepresentation in the Leigong Mountain region,while Quercus(D,deciduous-type)and Poaceae exhibit high representation in the SEBF *** the SEBF zone,both pollen diversity and richness are the *** study reveals the complex relationship between the richness and diversity of pollen and *** diversity and richness of tree and shrub pollen are found to be lower than those of the corresponding *** pollen-vegetation relationship elucidated in this study serves as a critical reference for reconstructing ancient environments from fossil pollen retrieved in this region.

关键词： Modern pollen assemblages Pollenvegetation relationship Pollen diversity and richness Leigong Mountain Southwestern China

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Olfactory dysfunction and its related molecular mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 583-590页

作者： Yingying Gu Jiaying Zhang Xinru Zhao Wenyuan Nie Xiaole Xu Mingxuan Liu Xiaoling Zhang College of Pharmacy Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Changes in olfactory function are considered to be early biomarkers of Parkinson’s *** dysfunction is one of the earliest non-motor features of Parkinson’s disease,appearing in about 90%of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease,and can often predate the diagnosis by ***,olfactory dysfunction should be considered a reliable marker of the ***,the mechanisms responsible for olfactory dysfunction are currently *** this article,we clearly explain the pathology and medical definition of olfactory function as a biomarker for early-stage Parkinson’s *** the basis of the findings of clinical olfactory function tests and animal model experiments as well as neurotransmitter expression levels,we further characterize the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction in the pathology of early-stage Parkinson’s *** findings highlighted in this review suggest that olfactory dysfunction is an important biomarker for preclinical-stage Parkinson’s ***,therapeutic drugs targeting non-motor symptoms such as olfactory dysfunction in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease may prevent or delay dopaminergic neurodegeneration and reduce motor symptoms,highlighting the potential of identifying effective targets for treating Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting the deterioration of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： biomarker early-stage olfactory disorders olfactory dysfunction Parkinson’s disease

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Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 498-509页

作者： Zihan Tao Bitao Shen Wencan Li Luwen Xing Haoyu Wang Yichen Wu Yuansheng Tao Yan Zhou Yandong He Chao Peng Haowen Shu Xingjun Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Integrated Circuits Peking University100871 BejingChina Peking university Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Frontiers science Center for Nano-optoelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Harnessing optical supermode interaction to construct artificial photonic molecules has uncovered a series of fundamental optical phenomena analogous to atomic ***,the distinct energy levels and interactions in such two-level systems were provided by coupled *** reconfigurability is limited,as they often require delicate external field stimuli or mechanically altering the geometric *** highly specific approaches also limit potential ***,we propose a versatile on-chip photonic molecule in a multimode microring,utilizing a flexible regulation methodology to dynamically control the existence and interaction strength of spatial *** transition between single/multi-mode states enables the“switched-off/on”functionality of the photonic molecule,supporting wider generalized applications *** particular,“switched-on”state shows flexible and multidimensional mode splitting control in aspects of both coupling strength and phase difference,equivalent to the *** *** effect.“Switched-off”state allows for perfect low-loss single-mode transition(Qi~10 million)under an ultra-compact bend size(FSR~115 GHz)in a foundry-based silicon *** breaks the stereotyped image of the FSR-Q factor trade-off,enabling ultra-wideband and high-resolution millimeter-wave photonic *** demonstration provides a flexible and portable solution for the integrated photonic molecule system,extending its research scope from fundamental physics to real-world applications such as nonlinear optical signal processing and sixth-generation wireless communication.

关键词： switched multimode millimeter

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Unconditional and Optimal Pointwise Error Estimates of Finite Difference Methods for the Two-Dimensional Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第2期44卷 248-268页

作者： Yue CHENG Dongsheng TANG School of Mathematics and Statistics Nantong University Jiangsu Xinhai Senior High School

In this paper, we give improved error estimates for linearized and nonlinear CrankNicolson type finite difference schemes of Ginzburg-Landau equation in two dimensions. For linearized Crank-Nicolson scheme, we use mathematical induction to get unconditional error estimates in discrete L2and H1norm. However, it is not applicable for the nonlinear ***, based on a ‘cut-off ’ function and energy analysis method, we get unconditional L2and H1error estimates for the nonlinear scheme, as well as boundedness of numerical solutions. In addition, if the assumption for exact solutions is improved compared to before, unconditional and optimal pointwise error estimates can be obtained by energy analysis method and several Sobolev inequalities. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical analysis.

关键词： complex Ginzburg-Landau equation finite difference method unconditional convergence optimal estimates pointwise error estimates

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Cytochrome P45026A1 Contributes to the Maintenance of Neuropathic Pain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第3期40卷 293-309页

作者： De-Li Cao Ling-Jie Ma Bao-Chun Jiang Qiang Gu Yong-Jing Gao Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226019China nantong university Medical School Nantong226001China Department of Pain Management The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantong226001China

The cytochrome P450 proteins(CYP450s)have been implicated in catalyzing numerous important biological reactions and contribute to a variety of ***26A1,a member of the CYP450 family,carries out the oxidative metabolism of retinoic acid(RA),the active metabolite of vitamin *** we report that CYP26A1 was dramatically upregulated in the spinal cord after spinal nerve ligation(SNL).CYP26A1 was mainly expressed in spinal neurons and *** analysis displayed that the content of all-trans-RA(at-RA),the substrate of CYP26A1,was reduced in the spinal cord on day 7 after *** of CYP26A1 by siRNA or inhibition of CYP26A1-mediated at-RA catabolism by talarozole relieved the SNL-induced mechanical allodynia during the maintenance phase of neuropathic *** also reduced SNL-induced glial activation and proinflammatory cytokine production but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine(IL-10)*** RA receptors RARα,RXRβ,and RXRγwere expressed in spinal neurons and glial *** promoter of Il-10 has several binding sites for RA receptors,and at-RA directly increased Il-10 mRNA expression in ***,intrathecal IL-10 attenuated SNL-induced neuropathic pain and reduced the activation of astrocytes and ***,the inhibition of CYP26A1-mediated at-RA catabolism alleviates SNL-induced neuropathic pain by promoting the expression of IL-10 and suppressing glial ***26A1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

关键词： CYP26A1 Microglia Astrocytes ERK P38 IL-10 Neuropathic pain

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Structure,ligands,and roles of GPR126/ADGRG6 in the development and diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 294-305页

作者： Qi Li Anran Huo Mengqi Li Jiali Wang Qiao Yin Lumiao Chen Xin Chu Yuan Qin Yuwan Qi Yang Li Hengxiang Cui Qifei Cong Institute of Neuroscience and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease The Second Affliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Emergency Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu226001China Department of Neurology Huzhou Central HospitalThe Affiliated Huzhou HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHuzhouZhejiang 313000China Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China

Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors(aGPCRs)are the second largest diverse group within the GPCR superfamily,which play critical roles in many physiological and patho-logical processes through cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix *** adhesion GPCR Adgrg6,also known as GPR126,is one of the better-characterized ***126 was previously found to have critical developmental roles in Schwann cell maturation and its mediated myelination in the peripheral nervous system in both zebrafish and *** studies have extended our understanding of GPR126-mediated roles during develop-ment and in human *** this review,we highlighted these recent advances in GPR126 in expression profile,molecular structure,ligand-receptor interactions,and associated physiological and pathological functions in development and diseases.

关键词： Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor Function GPR126/Adgrg6 Ligand Structure

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Hybrid nanoarchitectonics of TiO_(2)/aramid nanofiber membranes with softness and durability for photocatalytic dye degradation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 188-191页

作者： Wenhao Wang Guangpu Zhang Qiufeng Wang Fancang Meng Hongbin Jia Wei Jiang Qingmin Ji Herbert Gleiter Institute for Nanoscience School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China nantong Junjiang Material science and Technology Co. Ltd.Haimen 226136China

TiO_(2)-based films are one of the most attractive photocatalysts owing to their highly cost-effective ***,most TiO_(2)-based photocatalytic films for dye degradation are in the form of robust films(without flexibility),TiO_(2)coatings on carbon matrix(with leakage risk),or surface-covered TiO_(2)hybrids(not favorite to contact with external molecules).Therefore,the development of durable and highly efficient TiO_(2)photocatalytic films for dye degradation is still ***,we fabricated soft photocatalytic hybrid membranes(TANFs)from TiO_(2)nanotubes(Ti NT)and aramid nanofiber(ANF)by a facile vacuum filtration *** similar morphology and dimension of Ti NT and ANF enable them intricately intertwine with each other in the membrane *** an appropriate mixing ratio,the TANF exhibited significantly improved optical and mechanical *** used for dye degradation,the membrane showed excellent photocatalytic performance and could keep stable activity and integrated state for repeated usage.

关键词： Titanium dioxide nanotube Aramid nanofiber Flexible hybrid membrane Photocatalysis Dye degradation

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Degradation of Acid Orange 7 Dye in Two Hybrid Plasma Discharge Reactors

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Plasma science and Technology 2014年第11期16卷 1020-1031页

作者：沈拥军雷乐成张兴旺丁建东 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong University Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University

To get an optimized pulsed electrical plasma discharge reactor and to increase the energy utilization efficiency in the removal of pollutants, two hybrid plasma discharge reactors were designed and optimized. The reactors were compared via the discharge characteristics, energy transfer efficiency, the yields of the active species and the energy utilization in dye wastewater degradation. The results showed that under the same AC input power, the characteristics of the discharge waveform of the point-to-plate reactor were better. Under the same AC input power, the two reactors both had almost the same peak voltage of 22 kV. The peak current of the point-to-plate reactor was 146 A, while that of the wire-to-cylinder reactor was only 48.8 A. The peak powers of the point-to-plate reactor and the wire-to-cylinder reactor were 1.38 MW and 1.01 MW, respectively. The energy per pulse of the point-to-plate reactor was 0.2221 J, which was about 29.4% higher than that of the wire-to-cylinder reactor （0.1716 J）. To remove 50% Acid Orange 7 （AO7）, the energy utilizations of the point-to-plate reactor and the wire- to-cylinder reactor were 1.02×10^-9 mol/L and 0.61×10^-9 mol/L, respectively. In the point-to- plate reactor, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in pure water was 3.6 mmol/L after 40 min of discharge, which was higher than that of the wire-to-cylinder reactor （2.5 mmol/L）. The concentration of liquid phase ozone in the point-to-plate reactor （5.7×10^-2 mmol/L） was about 26.7% higher than that in the wire-to-cylinder reactor （4.5×10^-2 mmol/L）. The analysis results of the variance showed that the type of reactor and reaction time had significant impacts on the yields of the hydrogen peroxide and ozone. The main degradation intermediates of AO7 identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry （GCMS） were acetic acid, maleic anhydride, p- benzoquinone, phenol, benzoic acid, phthalic anhydride, coumarin and 2-naphthol. Proposed degradation pathways were elucidated

关键词： pulsed high voltage discharge characteristics plasma reactor dyes wastewater degradation pathway

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