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Deciphering the cellular heterogeneity of the insect brainwith single-cell RNA sequencing

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 314-327页

作者： Xiaofei Wang Yifan Zhai Hao Zheng Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of Food Science and Nutritional En-gineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects Ministry of Agriculture and RuralAffairsJinanChina Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Diseases and In-sectPests JinanChina

Insects show highly complicated adaptive and sophisticated behaviors, includ-ing spatial orientation skills, learning ability, and social interaction. These behaviors arecontrolled by the insect brain, the central part of the nervous system. The tiny insect brainconsists of millions of highly differentiated and interconnected cells forming a complexnetwork. Decades of research has gone into an understanding of which parts of the insectbrain possess particular behaviors, but exactly how they modulate these functional conse-quences needs to be clarified. Detailed description of the brain and behavior is required todecipher the complexity of cell types, as well as their connectivity and function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged recently as a breakthrough technologyto understand the transcriptome at cellular resolution. With scRNA-seq, it is possible touncover the cellular heterogeneity of brain cells and elucidate their specific functions andstate. In this review, we first review the basic structure of insect brains and the links toinsect behaviors mainly focusing on learning and memory. Then the scRNA applicationson insect brains are introduced by representative studies. Single-cell RNA-seq has allowedresearchers to classify cell subpopulations within different insect brain regions, pinpointsingle-cell developmental trajectories, and identify gene regulatory networks. These devel-opments empower the advances in neuroscience and shed light on the intricate problemsin understanding insect brain functions and behaviors.

关键词： behavior brain cell type insect single-cell RNA sequencing

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Artificial cavernosa-like tissue based on multibubble Matrigel and a human corpus cavernous fibroblast scaffold

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 260-267页

作者： Yu-Zhuo Chen Yi-Hong Zhou Min-Bo Yan Ming Xiao Biao Liu Ying-Hao Yin Xiao-Li Tan Yong-Quan Huang Yu-Hong Lin Ting Xie Jia-Li Tian Qi Wang Jian-Ying Li Zi-Zhou Meng Zheng Li Emily Xing Yu-Xin Tang Ya-Wei Li Zhong-Zhen Su Liang-Yu Zhao Department of Ultrasound The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Interventional Medicine Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical ImagingThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Urology The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Andrology the Center for Men’s HealthUrologic Medical CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of ReproductiveMedicineShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los AngelesCA 90024USA

Ex vivo tissue culture of the human corpus cavernosum(cc)can be used to explore the tissue structural changes and complex signaling *** present,artificial Cc-like tissues based on acellular or three-dimensional(3D)-printed scaffolds are used to solve the scarcity of primary penis tissue ***,inconvenience and high costs limit the wide application of such ***,we describe a simple,fast,and economical method of constructing artificial CC-like *** Cc fibroblasts(FBs),endothelial cells(ECs),and smooth muscle cells(SMCs)were expanded in vitro and mixed with Matrigel in specific proportions.A large number of bubbles were formed in the mixture by vortexing combined with pipette blowing,creating a porous,spongy,and spatial *** Cc FBs produced a variety of signaling factors,showed multidirectional differentiation potential,and grew in a 3D grid in Matrigel,which is necessary for CC-like tissue to maintain a porous structure as a cell *** the C-like tissue,ECs covered the surface of the lumen,and SMCs were located inside the trabeculae,similar to the structure of the primary *** cell components remained stable for 3 days in vitro,but the EC content decreased on the 7th ***/integrated(WNT)signaling activation led to lumen atrophy and increased tissue fibrosis in CC-like tissue,inducing the same changes in characteristics as in the primary *** study describes a preparation method for human artificial cC-like tissue that may provide an improved experimental platform for exploring the function and structure of the cC and conducting drug screening for erectile dysfunction therapy.

关键词： artificial tissue corpus cavernosum ex vivo fibroblasts

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Interference of harmonics emitted by different tunneling momentum channels in laser fields

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 366-372页

作者： Ling-Yu Zhang Zhuo-Xuan Xie Can Wang Xin-Lei Ge Jing Guo Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China College of Physical Science and Technology Bohai UniversityJinzhou 121013China

By numerically solving the semiconductor Bloch equation(SBEs),we theoretically study the high-harmonic generation of ZnO crystals driven by one-color and two-color intense laser *** results show the enhancement of harmonics and the cut-off remains the same in the two-color field,which can be explained by the recollision trajectories and electron excitation from *** on the quantum path analysis,we investigate contribution of different ranges of the crystal momentum k of ZnO to the harmonic yield,and find that in two-color laser fields,the intensity of the harmonic yield of different ranges from the crystal momentum makes a big difference and the harmonic intensity is depressed from all k channels,which is related to the interferences between harmonics from symmetric k channels.

关键词： high-order harmonic generation the semiconductor Bloch equation k-resolved inter-band harmonic

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An experimental and theoretical study on photoluminescence of Ce^(3+)-doped ZnS quantum dots and their application in Aspergillus oryzae

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1020-1028,I0001页

作者： Yan Lei Guangzhi Zhang Yitong Yao Gaiqin Zhu Zhong Chen Jiangrong Dan Hua Liu Shuwang Duo School of Materials and Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringJiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Nanchang330013China

ZnS and ZnS:3.125%Ce^(3+)(ZSC)quantum dots(QDs)were synthesized by a low-temperature solid-phase *** crystal structure,photoluminescence(PL)properties of ZSC QDs,and their effects on the growth and kojic acid production of Aspergillus oryzae(***)were *** is found that both QDs have a cubic blend structure with the average particle size ranging of 2.75-6.14 ***^(3+)doping not only increases the band gap of ZnS QDs from 3.43 to 3.48 eV,but also increases the PL intensity by about 2.23 times,which is due to the fact that the electron carrier concentration is improved,and then the rate of radiative recombination is *** integral emission intensity,biomass,extracellular proteins yield,and kojic acid production of *** cultured with ZSC(ZnS)QDs are about 4.31(3.23),1.61(1.20),1.12(1.09),and 2.99(1.68)times higher than that of medium without QDs,respectively.

关键词： Zns Quantum dots Doping First-principles calculations Aspergllus oryzae Rare earths

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Metal-Organic Framework Nanozyme Enabling Dual-Functional Photo-lnduced Charge Transfer and Biomimetic Precipitation for Advanced Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Bioanalysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第17期42卷 1999-2004页

作者： Ke-Xin Xu Cheng Yuan Hao Lou Feng-Zao Chen Ling Zhang Guangxu Chen De-Man Han Wei-Wei Zhao state Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou UniversityTaizhouJjiangsu 318000China School of Environment and Energy State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution ControlSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China

We report herein the first observation of MoF nanozyme enabling dual-functional photo-induced charge transfer and biomimetic precipitation for advanced organic photoelectrochemical transistor(OPECT)***,Fe/Co-MIL-88,serving simultaneously as the semiconductor and nanozyme,was explored as a dual-functional gating module in *** light llumination,it could accelerate the charge transfer of the photogate to produce enhanced photo-induced ***,its catalytic property could efficiently produce biomimetic precipitation to block the nanopores in Fe/Co-MIL-88 and thus alter the device characteristics.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Nanozymes Organic transistor Photoelectrochemical Biosensing Electrodes

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Unidirectional transport of both wettable and nonwettable liquids on an asymmetrically concave structured surface

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 557-562页

作者： Zhongxue Tang Kang Luan Bojie Xu Huan Liu Research Institute for Frontier Science School of PhysicsBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryBeihang UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China

Unidirectional liquid transport(UDLT)has been widely used in various fields as an important process for transferring both mass and ***,UDLT driven by a structural gradient has been witnessed for a long time only in wettable *** nonwettable liquids,UDLT can hardly proceed merely by a structural ***,we propose an asymmetrically concave structured surface(AMC-surface),featuring tip-to-base periodically arranged pyramid-shaped concave structures with a certain degree of overlap,which enables the UDLT of both wettable and nonwettable *** wettable liquids,the capillary force along each corner leads to the UDLT pointing toward the base side of the concave pyramid,while for nonwettable liquids,the UDLT is attributable to the static liquid pressure overwhelming the repulsive Laplace pressure induced by the asymmetric grooves and overlapping *** a result,both wettable and nonwettable liquids transport spontaneously and unidirectionally on the AMC-surface with no energy ***,the concave structure endows good mechanical stability and can be easily prepared using a facile nail-punching approach over a large *** also demonstrated its application in a continuous chemical reaction in a confined *** envision that the unique UDLT behavior on the as-developed AMC-surface will shed new light on the programmable manipulation of various liquids.

关键词： Unidirectional liquidtransport Asymmetrically concave structure Capillary force Laplace pressure Wettability

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DEGREE ELEVATION AND KNOT INSERTION FOR GENERALIZED BEZIER SURFACES AND THEIR´APPLICATION TO ISOGEOMETRIC ANALYSIS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第5期42卷 1197-1225页

作者： Mengyun Wang Ye Ji Chungang Zhu School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Key Laboratory for Computational Mathematics and Data Intelligence of Liaoning Province Dalian 116024China

Generalized B´ezier surfaces are a multi-sided generalization of classical tensor product B´ezier surfaces with a simple control structure and inherit most of the appealing properties from B´ezier ***,the original degree elevation changes the geometry of generalized B´ezier surfaces such that it is undesirable in many applications,*** *** this paper,we propose an improved degree elevation algorithm for generalized B´ezier surfaces preserving not only geometric consistency but also parametric *** on the knot insertion of B-splines,a novel knot insertion algorithm for generalized B´ezier surfaces is also *** the proposed algorithms are employed to increase degrees of freedom for multi-sided computational domains parameterized by generalized B´ezier surfaces in isogeometric analysis,corresponding to the traditional p-,h-,and *** examples demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our method.

关键词： Generalized B´ezier surface Degree elevation Knot insertion Isogeometric analysis Refinement

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Generation of macroscopic entanglement in ensemble systems based on silicon vacancy centers

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 308-315页

作者： Jian-Zhuang Wu Ying Xi Bo-Ya Li Lian-E Lu Yong-Hong Ma School of Science Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou 014010China

Entanglement in macroscopic systems,as a fundamental quantum resource,has been utilized to propel the advancement of quantum technology and probe the boundary between the quantum and classical *** study focuses on a unique hybrid quantum system comprising of an ensemble of silicon vacancy(SiV)centers coupled to phononic waveguides in diamond via strain *** employing two sets of time-dependent,non-overlapping driving fields,we investigate the generation process and dynamic properties of macroscopic quantum entanglement,providing fresh insights into the behavior of such hybrid quantum ***,it paves the way for new possibilities in utilizing quantum entanglement as an information carrier in quantum information processing and quantum communication.

关键词： quantum entanglement silicon vacancy centers diamond waveguide

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Design and fabrication of self-suspending aluminum-plastic/semiconductor photocatalyst devices for solar energy conversion

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 615-625页

作者： Zhi-Ang Zhao Jingyun Mao Chengjing Lu Shuangqiao Yang Qingrong Qian Qinghua Chen Hun Xue Xiaoli Sun Min-Quan Yang College of Environmental and Resource Sciences College of Carbon Neutral Modern IndustryFujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

The design and synthesis of self-suspending photocatalyst device with easy recyclability is important for practical ***,this work utilizes aluminum-plastic package waste as raw material to prepare an aluminum-plastic supported TiO_(2)(AP-TiO_(2))photocatalyst device through 3D printing design and surface deposition method.A series of characterizations were carried out to explore the structure,morphology and performance of the AP-TiO_(2)*** UV light illumination,the AP-TiO_(2)-50 efficiently degrade 93.6%tetracycline hydrochloride(THC)after 4 hr,which increases by 8.3%compared with that of TiO_(2)powder suspension system with the same catalyst *** on it,AP-ZnO,AP-CdS,AP-g-C_3N_4and AP-Pt-TiO_(2)are also fabricated,and applied in photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen evolution,which all exhibit higher photoactivities than powder suspension *** work provides a new avenue for the fabrication of advanced recyclable photocatalyst ***,the work offers a novel sight for the high-value utilization of aluminum-plastic package waste,which has positive implications for environmental protection.

关键词： TiO_(2) Self-suspending Photocatalyst device Aluminum plastic

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A Survey of Multimodal Controllable Diffusion Models

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第3期39卷 509-541页

作者：江锐郑光聪李藤杨天瑞王井东李玺 College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310007China Department of Mathematics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Baidu Visual Technology Department Baidu Inc.Beijing 100085China IEEE

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative models,producing high-fidelity samples across *** this,they have two key challenges,including improving the time-consuming iterative generation process and controlling and steering the generation *** surveys provide broad overviews of diffusion model ***,they lack comprehensive coverage specifically centered on techniques for controllable *** survey seeks to address this gap by providing a comprehensive and coherent review on controllable generation in diffusion *** provide a detailed taxonomy defining controlled generation for diffusion *** generation is categorized based on the formulation,methodologies,and evaluation *** enumerating the range of methods researchers have developed for enhanced control,we aim to establish controllable diffusion generation as a distinct subfield warranting dedicated *** this survey,we contextualize recent results,provide the dedicated treatment of controllable diffusion model generation,and outline limitations and future *** demonstrate applicability,we highlight controllable diffusion techniques for major computer vision tasks *** consolidating methods and applications for controllable diffusion models,we hope to catalyze further innovations in reliable and scalable controllable generation.

关键词： diffusion model controllable generation application personalization

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