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Effects of insoluble Zn,Cd,and EDTA on the growth,activities of antioxidant enzymes and uptake of Zn and Cd in Vetiveria zizanioides

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2009年第2期21卷 186-192页

作者： XU Weihong LI Wenyi HE Jianping Balwant Singh XIONG Zhiting College of Resources and Environmental sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400716 China Faculty of Agriculture Food and Natural Resources the University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia College of Resources and Environmental sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

A root-bag experiment was conducted to study the effects of insoluble Zn, Cd, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） on the plant growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, glutathione （GSH）, water-soluble proteins and malondialdehyde （MDA） of Vetiveria zizanioides. The V. zizanioides uptake capacity of Zn and Cd also determined. The results showed that plant growth of V. zizanioides was inhibited by Zn and Cd. The shoot dry weight （SDW） and root dry weight （RDW） decrease by 14.2%, 14.1%, 17.0% and 17.3%, 32.5%, 35.7%, respectively, compared to the control without EDTA addition. After adding EDTA, shoot and root dry weight decreased over 10% and 15%, respectively. The toxicity from insoluble Zn and Cd in soil on SDW and RDW of V. zizanioides was in order： Zn＋Cd 〉 Cd 〉 Zn. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT）, and contents of MDA and proline increased significantly, while the contents of GSH and water-soluble proteins decreased markedly with increasing Zn and Cd toxicity. With EDTA, shoot and root Zn concentrations increased in the Zn treatment by 7.3% and 37.4%, and Cd concentrations in the combined Zn and Cd treatment increased by 18.6% and 391.9% compared to the treatment without EDTA. However, Zn and Cd concentrations in shoot and roots decreased in the Cd treatment compared to the plants grown in absence of EDTA, with exception of root Cd concentration in the presence of EDTA.

关键词： Vetiveria zizanioides antioxidant enzymes glutathione malondialdehyde praline concentration of Zn and Cd

Effect of dissolved organic matter on adsorption and desorption of mercury by soils

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2008年第9期20卷 1097-1102页

作者： YANG, Yongkui LIANG, Li WANG, Dingyong College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing 400716 China Chongqing Key Lab of Agricultural Resources and Environment Chongqing 400716 China

Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on adsorption and desorption of Hg were investigated in two kinds of soils, Xanthi-Udic Ferralosols (XUF) and Typic Purpli-Udic Cambosols (TPUC). The DOM was obtained from humus soil (DOMH), rice straw (DOMR), and pig manure (DOMP). The presence of DOM obviously reduced Hg maximum adsorption capacity with up to 40% decreases over the control, being an order of DOMH (250.00 mg/kg)< DOMR (303.03 mg/kg) < DOMP (322.58 mg/kg) < CK (control 416.67 mg/kg) for the...

关键词： mercury (Hg) dissolved organic matter (DOM) adsorption desorption

Experimental Analysis of Microscale Laser Shock Processing on Metallic Material Using Excimer Laser

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2009年第6期25卷 829-834页

作者： Zhigang Che Liangcai Xiong Tielin Shi Huayang Cheng Likun Yang Wuhan national Laboratory for Optoelectronics State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment & Technology School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430074 China Wuhan Huagong Laser Engineering Co. Ltd Wuhan 430223 China

Microscale laser shock processing （μLSP）, also known as laser shock processing in microscale, is a technique that uses microscale focused laser beam to induce high pressure plasma and generates plastic deformation and compressive residual stress in target materials, thus improves fatigue or stress corrosion cracking resistance of MEMS （Micro Electromechanical Systems） devices made of such a material. Many works have been reported about the research and experiment for μLSP. But the diameters of 50-200 μm were used at the first time for this field, which was useful for treating micro-device components with larger area and curved surface. The excimer laser was used firstly on μLSP for shorter wavelength than that of used in previous researches. The determination method of laser spot size at micro-level spatial resolution was presented. Under these conditions, plastic deformation, the stress analysis and microhardness with different pulse number, pulse energy and pulse spacing were investigated. Especially the residual stress distribution with depth treated by #LSP, was first investigated. Experiment results showed that the material performance was improved remarkably after μLSP.

关键词： μLSP Plastic deformation Residual stress Micro-hardness Laser spot size

Phylogenetic analysis and arsenate reduction effect of the arsenic-reducing bacteria enriched from contaminated soils at an abandoned smelter site

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1501-1507页

作者： ZHANG, Xuexia JIA, Yongfeng WANG, Xin XU, Liying Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Microbial reduction of As(V)(i.e.,arsenate)plays an important role in arsenic(As)mobilization in aqueous *** this study,we investigated As(V)reduction characteristics of the bacteria enriched from the arsenic-contaminated soil at an abandoned smelter *** was found that As(V)was completely reduced to As(III)(i.e.,arsenite)in 21 *** 3-d incubation,a yellow solid was precipitated and the concentration of As(III)decreased *** 150 h incubation,ca.65%of soluble arsenic was removed fro...

关键词： microbial reduction arsenic phylogenetic analysis

Self-imaging effect in photonic crystal multimode waveguides exhibiting no band gaps

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Chinese Optics Letters 2007年第12期5卷 690-692页

作者：于天宝江晓清廖清华戚伟杨建义王明华 Department of Information science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 Department of PhysicsNanchang UniversityNanchang 330047 Department of Information science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 Department of Physics Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330047

The properties of the propagating field in multimode photonic crystal waveguides （PCWs） exhibiting no photonic band gaps （PBGs） are investigated. The transmission spectrum shows that the input field can be guided with high efficiency, and resemble index-guided modes owing to the combination of total internal reflection （TIR） and distributed Bragg reflection （DBR）. Self-imaging effect happens and the filling fraction determines the beating lengths. The rows of air holes decide DBR coming from the mirrors on both sides of the guiding region, which governs the transmission spectrum. It provides a new way to realize the components for both polarizations by combining PBG and TIR effects in PCWs.

关键词： Distributed Bragg reflectors Imaging techniques Light transmission Photonic band gap Photonic crystals

Performance of two biofilters with neutral and low pH treating off-gases

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1409-1414页

作者： LIU Jianwei LIU Junxin LI Lin Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Two different functional biofilters were carried out and compared for the treatment of off-gas containing multicomponent odors and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in this study. The effects of pH values and the empty bed retention time (EBRT) on the performance of the bioreactors were studied; and the characteristics of microbial populations in the two biofilters were also determined. The experimental results indicated that the removal effciencies of hydrophilic compounds such as butyric acid and ammonia ...

关键词： waste gas treatment biofiltration VOCs and odors bacteria fungi

Agricultural non-point nitrogen pollution control function of dierent vegetation types in riparian wetlands: A case study in the Yellow River wetland in china

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2009年第7期21卷 933-939页

作者： ZHAO Tongqian XU Huashan HE Yuxiao TAI Chao MENG Hongqi ZENG Fanfu XING Menglin Institute of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China Henan Province Environmental Monitoring Center Zhengzhou 450004 China

Riparian wetland is the major transition zone of matter, energy and information transfer between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and has important functions of water purification and non-point pollution control. Using the field experiment method and an isotope tracing technique, the agricultural non-point nitrogen pollution control function of different vegetation types in riparian wetland was studied in the Kouma Section of the Yellow River. The results showed that the retention of agricultural non-point nitrogen pollution by riparian wetland soil occurs mainly in top 0-10 cm layer. The amount of nitrogen retained by surface soils associated with three types of vegetation are 0.045 mg/g for Phragmites communis Trin Linn, 0.036 mg/g for scirpus triqueter Linn, and 0.032 mg/g for Typha angustifolia Linn, which account for 59.21%, 56.25%, and 56.14% of the total nitrogen interception, respectively. Exogenous nitrogen in 0-10 cm soil layer changes more quickly than in other layers. One month after adding KISNO3 to the tested vegetation, nitrogen content was 77.78% for P communis Trin, 68.75% for T. angustifolia, and 8.33% for S. triqueter in the surface soil. After three months, nitrogen content was 93.33% for P. communis Trin, 72.22% for S. triqueter, and 37.50% for T. Angustifolia. There are large differences among vegetation communities respecting to purification of agricultural non-point nitrogen pollution. The nitrogen uptake amount decreases in the sequence： new shoots ofP. communis Trin （9.731 nag/g）〉 old P. communis Trin （4.939 mg/g）〉 S. triqueter （0.620 mg/g）〉 T. angustifolia （0.186 mg/g）. Observations indicated that the presence of riparian wetlands as buffers on and adjacent to stream banks could be recommended to control agricultural non-point pollution.

关键词： riparian wetland vegetation community agricultural non-point source nitrogen pollution

Effects of field application of phosphate fertilizers on the availability and uptake of lead, zinc and cadmium by cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) in a mining tailing contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2008年第9期20卷 1109-1117页

作者： WANG Biling XIE Zhengmiao CHEN Jianjun JIANG Juntao SU Qiufeng College of Environmental science and natural Resources Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Department of Environmental science and Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou 310018 China

A field trial was conducted to evaluate the reduction of bioavailability of heavy metals including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) in a soil contaminated by mining tailings in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, china. Three commercial phosphate (P) fertilizers including phosphate rock (PR), calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP), and single superphosphate (SSP) were applied to the plot at three P application rates, 50, 300, and 500 g/m2 with 9 treatments and control (CK). Plants, water soluble and exchangeable (WE) extra...

关键词： bioavailability Brassica chinensis L. (cabbage) cadmium lead phosphorus fertilizer zinc

Development of Granular Fuzzy Relation Equations Based on a Subset of Data

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第8期8卷 1416-1427页

作者： Dan Wang Xiubin Zhu Witold Pedycz Zhenhua Yu Zhiwu Li School of Computer science and Technology Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6R 2V4 ABCanada Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina

Developing and optimizing fuzzy relation equations are of great relevance in system modeling,which involves analysis of numerous fuzzy *** each rule varies with respect to its level of influence,it is advocated that the performance of a fuzzy relation equation is strongly related to a subset of fuzzy rules obtained by removing those without significant *** this study,we establish a novel framework of developing granular fuzzy relation equations that concerns the determination of an optimal subset of fuzzy *** subset of rules is selected by maximizing their performance of the obtained *** originality of this study is conducted in the following *** with developing granular fuzzy relation equations,an interval-valued fuzzy relation is determined based on the selected subset of fuzzy rules(the subset of rules is transformed to interval-valued fuzzy sets and subsequently the interval-valued fuzzy sets are utilized to form interval-valued fuzzy relations),which can be used to represent the fuzzy relation of the entire rule base with high performance and ***,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)is implemented to solve a multi-objective optimization problem,in which not only an optimal subset of rules is selected but also a parameterεfor specifying a level of information granularity is determined.A series of experimental studies are performed to verify the feasibility of this framework and quantify its performance.A visible improvement of particle swarm optimization(about 78.56%of the encoding mechanism of particle swarm optimization,or 90.42%of particle swarm optimization with an exploration operator)is gained over the method conducted without using the particle swarm optimization algorithm.

关键词： A subset of data granular fuzzy relation equations interval-valued fuzzy relation particle swarm optimization(PSO)