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Automatic and Rapid Throughflow-Based Optimal Design Method for Multi-Stage Axial-Flow Compressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 77-91页

作者： LEI Fan ZHANG Xiawen JU Yaping ZHANG Chuhua Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Production and Environmental Department China Huaneng Group.Co.Ltd.Beijing 100031China

Throughflow design has the advantages of less time consumption and large optimization space,and thus is the corner stone of advanced design system of multi-stage axial-flow *** majority of relevant studies were limited to the throughflow inverse designs,and quite few works have been till now devoted to the throughflow optimal *** this work,an automatic and rapid throughflow-based optimal design method is proposed for axial-flow compressors in which a throughflow inverse design solver is embedded in optimal genetic algorithm to improve the design efficiency of axial-flow *** types of design parameters in the throughflow inverse design of axial-flow compressors,i.e.,swirl and shroud curve,are simultaneously used to optimize both the blade shape and flow *** proposed method is validated by the redesign optimization of the benchmark axial-flow compressor NASA Stage 35,and the CFD predictions show that the throughflow-based optimization leads to 1.18% efficiency benefit at design *** proposed method is then utilized to the two-dimensional throughflow optimal design of a large-scale 6.5-stage axial-flow industrial *** optimal design results are confirmed by CFD predictions,indicating that the proposed method can effectively improve the design adiabatic efficiency of the compressors by 1.09% within a few minutes on desk-top *** throughflow design implications are also obtained for advanced axial-flow industrial *** work could enhance the capability of throughflow design method and has engineering application value to explore the throughflow optimization space of multi-stage axial-flow compressors.

关键词： multi-stage axial-flow compressor throughflow design empirical correlations genetic algorithm aerodynamic optimization

Valence electron matching law for MXene-based single-atom catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 641-650页

作者： Pei Song Yuhang Zhou Zishan Luo Hang Zhang Xi Sun Sen Lu Zepeng Jia Hong Cui Weizhi Tian Rong Feng Lingxia Jin Hongkuan Yuan School of Mechanical Engineering Shaanxi University of Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation Shaanxi University of Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Catalysis College of Chemical & Environment Science Shaanxi University of Technology School of Physical Science and technology Southwest University

Single-atom catalysts（SACs） have attracted considerable interest in the fields of energy and environmental science due to their adjustable catalytic *** this study,we investigated the matching of valence electron numbers between single atoms and adsorbed intermediates（O,N,C,and H） in MXene-anchored SACs（M-Ti2C/M-Ti2CO2）.The density functional theory results demonstrated that the sum of the valence electron number（VM） of the interface-doped metal and the valence electron number（VA） of the adsorbed intermediates in M-Ti2C followed the 10-valence electron matching ***,based on the 10-valence electron matching law,we deduced that the sum of the valence electron number（k） and VMfor the molecular adsorption intermediate interactions in M-Ti2CO2adhered to the 11-valence electron matching *** repulsion between the interface electrons in M-Ti2CO2and H2O weakened the adsorption of intermediates,Furthermore,we applied the 11-valence electron matching law to guide the design of catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction,specifically for N2→ NNH conversion,in the *** sure independence screening and sparsifying operator algorithm was used to fit a simple three-dimensional descriptor of the adsorbate（R2up to 0.970） for catalyst *** study introduced a valence electron matching principle between doped metals（single atoms） and adsorbed intermediates（atomic and molecular） for MXene-based catalysts,providing new insights into the design of high-performance SACs.

关键词： Density functional theory Nitrogen reduction reaction Sure independence screening and sparsifying operator Valence electron matching law

NIR driven catalytic enhanced acute lung injury therapy by using polydopamine@Co nanozyme via scavenging ROS

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 337-343页

作者： Xiaoshuai Wu Bailei Wang Yichen Li Xiaoxuan Guan Mingjing Yin Wenquan Lv Yin Chen Fei Lu Tao Qin Huyang Gao Weiqian Jin Yifu Huang Cuiping Li Ming Gao Junyu Lu Intensive Care Unit The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Department of Critical Care Medicine The Ninth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Life Sciences Institute Guangxi Medical University Department of Emergency The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University College & Hospital of Stomatology Guangxi Medical University Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Guangxi Medical University

Acute lung injury(ALI) was characterized by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels and inflammatory response in the lung. Scavenging ROS could inhibit the excessive inflammatory response, further treating ALI. Herein, we designed a novel nanozyme(P@Co) comprised of polydopamine(PDA) nanoparticles(NPs) loading with ultra-small Co, combining with near infrared(NIR) irradiation, which could efficiently scavenge intracellular ROS and suppress inflammatory responses against ALI. For lipopolysaccharide(LPS) induced macrophages, P@Co + NIR presented excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities through lowering intracellular ROS levels, decreasing the expression levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) as well as inducing macrophage M2 directional polarization. Significantly, it displayed the outstanding activities of lowering acute lung inflammation, relieving diffuse alveolar damage, and up-regulating heat shock protein 70(HSP70) expression, resulting in synergistic enhanced ALI therapy effect. It offers a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of ROS related diseases.

关键词： Acute lung injury M2 directional polarization Nanozyme NIR driven ROS scavenging

Emerging natural clay-based materials for stable and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes: A review

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 161-172页

作者： Haobo Wang Fei Wang Yong Liu Zhongxiu Liu Yingjie Miao Wanhong Zhang Guangxin Wang Jiangtao Ji Qiaobao Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology Henan University of Science and Technology Faculty of Engineering Huanghe Science and Technology University Henan Key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Materials Science & Processing technology Henan University of Science and Technology College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Materials Xiamen University

Lithium metal is one of the most promising anodes for lithium batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity and the low electrochemical potential. However, the commercialization of lithium metal anodes(LMAs) is facing significant obstacles, such as uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interface, leading to inferior Coulombic efficiency, unsatisfactory cycling stability and even serious safety issues. Introducing low-cost natural clay-based materials(NCBMs) in LMAs is deemed as one of the most effective methods to solve aforementioned issues. These NCBMs have received considerable attention for stabilizing LMAs due to their unique structure, large specific surface areas, abundant surface groups, high mechanical strength, excellent thermal stability, and environmental friendliness. Considering the rapidly growing research enthusiasm for this topic in the last several years, here, we review the recent progress on the application of NCBMs in stable and dendrite-free *** different structures and modification methods of natural clays are first summarized. In addition, the relationship between their modification methods and nano/microstructures, as well as their impact on the electrochemical properties of LMAs are systematically discussed. Finally, the current challenges and opportunities for application of NCBMs in stable LMAs are also proposed to facilitate their further development.

关键词： Aolid-state electrolyte Li metal anodes Natural clay-based materials Rechargeable batteries Surface modification

Compound heterozygous mutation of AFG3L2 causes autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia through mitochondrial impairment and MICU1 mediated Ca2+overload

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 484-501页

作者： Hongyu Li Qingwen Ma Yan Xue Linlin Cai Liwen Bao Lei Hong Yitao Zeng Shu-Zhen Huang Richard H.Finnell Fanyi Zeng Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics Shanghai Children’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200040China Department of Histo-Embryology Genetics and Developmental BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Embryogenesis and developmental Molecular Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction EngineeringShanghai 200040China Center for Precision Environmental Health Baylor College of MedicineHouston 77030USA School of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxias(SCARs)are one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive *** SCARs are known to be caused by mutations in multiple genes,there are still many cases that go undiagnosed or are *** this study,we presented a SCAR patient,and identified a probable novel pathogenic mutation(c.1A>G,p.M1V)in the AFG3L2 start *** proband's genotype included heterozygous mutations of the compound AFG3L2(p.[M1V];[R632X](c.[1A>G];[1894.C>T])),which were inherited from the father(c.1A>G,p.M1V)and mother(c.1894C>T,p.R632X).Functional studies performed on hi PSCs(human induced pluripotent stem cells)generated from the patients and HEK293T cells showed that the mutations impair mitochondrial function and the unbalanced expression of AFG3L2 mRNA and protein ***,this novel mutation resulted in the degradation of the protein and the reduction of the stability of the AFG3L2 protein,and MCU(mitochondrial calcium uniporter)complex mediated Ca2+overload.

关键词： AFG3L2 gene autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia mitochondrial impairment Ca2+overload

GFRF R-CNN:Object Detection Algorithm for Transmission Lines

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1439-1458页

作者： Xunguang Yan Wenrui Wang Fanglin Lu Hongyong Fan Bo Wu Jianfeng Yu Shanghai Advanced research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Jingwei Textile Machinery Co. Ltd.Beijing100176China

To maintain the reliability of power systems,routine inspections using drones equipped with advanced object detection algorithms are essential for preempting power-related *** increasing resolution of drone-captured images has posed a challenge for traditional target detection methods,especially in identifying small objects in high-resolution *** study presents an enhanced object detection algorithm based on the Faster Regionbased Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)framework,specifically tailored for detecting small-scale electrical components like insulators,shock hammers,and screws in transmission *** algorithm features an improved backbone network for Faster R-CNN,which significantly boosts the feature extraction network’s ability to detect fine *** Region Proposal Network is optimized using a method of guided feature refinement(GFR),which achieves a balance between accuracy and *** incorporation of Generalized Intersection over Union(GIOU)and Region of Interest(ROI)Align further refines themodel’s *** results demonstrate a notable improvement in mean Average Precision,reaching 89.3%,an 11.1%increase compared to the standard Faster *** highlights the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in identifying electrical components in high-resolution aerial images.

关键词： Faster R-CNN transmission line object detection GIOU GFR

Effect of sea surface temperature during critical early life history stages of Portunus trituberculatus on later yield

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 313-325页

作者： Kaiming XIA Baogui LIU Jiale QIAO Yingbin WANG School of Fishery Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China

The early life stages of marine organisms are pivotal in shaping community dynamics and resource *** this study,we focused on Portunus trituberculatus,a crustacean integral to China's fisheries economy,and examined the effect of sea surface temperature(SST)in its critical early life stages on subsequent *** analyze the correlation between SST in different larval stages and the corresponding yield of ***,we simulated the transport and distribution of larvae from 2014 to 2022 by employing circulation models and Lagrangian particle tracking experiments(LPTE).In the five years(2014,2015,2016,2019,and 2020),particles were transported in a northwestern direction and moved in the direction of low *** distribution of particles in the megalopa stage(M stage)were located in the region of the lower *** 2017,2018,and 2021,the particles were transported in a northeastern direction but they did not move with the gradient of low SST in these years,and the particles in the last M stage were located in the region where the SST was at the peak of the time *** 2022,the distribution was observed for most of the particles in the southwestern part of Zhejiang coast,a small part of them were transported in the northwestern direction and a small amount of particles was distributed offshore along the northern area of the Zhejiang *** correlations between the SST at each stage of larvae with the corresponding year's yield showed that the yield of *** decreased significantly(R=-0.772,P=0.015)with increasing SST at the M *** study preliminarily explains the correlation between SST at the larval stage and the yield of *** and provides essential information for scientific stock enhancement in the future.

关键词： East China Sea swimming crab(Portunus trituberculatus) larval stage development Lagrangian particle tracking spatial-temporal dynamics sea surface temperature

Simulations of electron zebra stripes in the inner radiation belt using a composite empirical electric field model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 27-38页

作者： Ziyang WANG Ying LIU Qiugang ZONG Hong ZOU Yuguang YE Xuzhi ZHOU Chao YUE Shan WANG Institute of Space Physics and Applied technology Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China

The phenomenon termed“zebra stripes”manifests as regular patterns in the energy-space(L shell)spectrum of energetic electrons(ranging from tens to hundreds ke V)within the inner radiation *** structures exhibit drift-periodic behavior and commonly arise from large-scale electric field perturbations near the substorm *** this study,we introduce a composite electric field model and replicate the formation,structure,and evolution of zebra stripes using a bounce-averaged test particle code under this electric field ***-resolution measurements of energetic electrons obtained from the Van Allen Probes and the recently launched Macao Science Satellites-1 are used as initial conditions and served to validate our test particle *** analyses between observed data and simulations demonstrate our test particle method's efficacy in capturing zebra stripes'general ***,the composite model proves capable of reproducing realistic variations in the electric field within the inner radiation belt to a certain ***,subtle differences emerge in the flux strength and the positions of *** disparities primarily stem from limitations inherent in the electric field model and the initial conditions of the *** that the model represents an average case,it is conceivable that real-world scenarios may deviate from the average,thereby introducing variations in the observed phenomena.

关键词： Zebra stripes Inner radiation belt Large-scale electric fields Van Allen Probes Macao Science Satellite

The gut microbiome modulate response to immunotherapy in cancer

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 381-396页

作者： Shan-Shan Jiang Zi-Ran Kang Ying-Xuan Chen Jing-Yuan Fang Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology Shanghai Instituteof Digestive DiseaseNHC KeyLaboratoryof Digestive DiseasesState KeyLaboratoryfor Oncogenesand Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200001China

Gut microbiota have been reported to play an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant ***,clinical studies have identified specific gut microbiota and its metabolites associated with efficacy of immunotherapy in multiple types of *** investigations have elucidated that gut microbiota modulate the antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer *** microbiota and its metabolites may favorably remodel the tumor microenvironment by engaging innate and/or adaptive immune *** how the gut microbiome interacts with cancer immunotherapy opens new avenues for improving treatment *** microbial transplants,probiotics,dietary interventions,and other strategies targeting the microbiota have shown promise in preclinical studies to enhance the *** clinical trials are evaluating these *** review presents the recent advancements in understanding the dynamic interplay among the host immunity,the microbiome,and cancer immunotherapy,as well as strategies for modulating the microbiome,with a view to translating into clinical applications.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy gut microbiota intratumoral microbiota microbiota-derived metabolites innate and adaptive immunity