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Identifying ecological corridors for Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis)

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 389-402页

作者： Dale G.MIQUELLE Vyachaslav V.ROZHNOV Victor ERMOSHIN Andre A.MURZIN Igor G.NIKOLAEV Jose A.HERNANDEZ-BLANCO Sergie V.NAIDENKO Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Pacific Institute of Geography Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia The Institute of Biology and Soils Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia

The rapid explosion of human populations and the associated development of human-dominated landscapes have drastically reduced and fragmented habitat for tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(Panthera pardus)across Asia,resulting in multiple small ***,Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)habitat in Russia has remained largely interconnected,except for a break between tigers in southwest Primorye and the southern Sikhote-Alin *** habitat patch in southwest Primorye also retains the last population of Amur leopards(Panthera pardus orientalis).Genetic differentiation of tigers in southwest Primorye and the Sikhote-Alin Mountains along with survey data suggest that habitat fragmentation is limiting movement of tigers and leopards across the Razdolnaya River *** looked at historical and recent survey data on tigers and leopards and mapped existing cover types to examine land-use patterns of both large felids and humans in the development strip along the Razdolnaya *** then used least-cost distance analyses to identify the most effective potential corridor to retain connectivity for large felids between Land of the Leopard National Park and Ussuriskii Zapovednik(Reserve).We identified a single potential corridor that still exists with a total distance of 62.5 km from Land of the Leopard National Park to Ussuriskii Zapovednik,mostly(93%)through forested *** recommend formal recognition of a Razdolnaya ecological corridor and provide specific recommendations for each of 3 proposed management sections.

关键词： Amur tiger ecological corridor Sikhote-Alin Mountains

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A comparison of food habits and prey preference of Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)at three sites in the Russian Far East

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 354-364页

作者： Linda L.KERLEY Anna S.MUKHACHEVA Dina S.MATYUKHINA Elena S.ALMANOVA Galina P.SALKINA Dale G.MIQUELLE Zoological Society of London Regent’s ParkLondonUK Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik TerneiPrimorskii KraiRussia FSBI“Land of Leopard ”VladivostokPrimorskii KraiRussia FSBI“United Lazovskii State Nature Zapovednik named after“Kaplanov”and Zov Tigra National Park ”Primorskii KraiRussia Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA

Prey availability is one of the principal drivers of tiger distribution and ***,formulating effective conservation strategies requires a clear understanding of tiger *** used scat analysis in combination with data on the abundance of several prey species to estimate Amur tiger diet and preference at 3 sites in the Russian Far *** also examined the effect of pseudoreplication on estimates of tiger *** collected 770 scats across the 3 *** to previous studies,we found that tigers primarily preyed on medium to large ungulates,with wild boar,roe,sika and red deer collectively comprising 86.7%of total biomass consumed on *** to Jacobs’index,tigers preferred wild boar,and avoided sika *** in preference indices derived from these scat analyses compared to indices derived from kill data appear to be due to adjustments in biomass intake when sex–age of a killed individual is known:a component missing from scat ***(multiple samples collected from a single kill site)also skewed results derived from scat *** analysis still appears useful in providing insight into the diets of carnivores when the full spectrum of prey species needs to be identified,or when sample sizes from kill data are not *** sample sizes of kill data are large(as is now possible with GPS-collared animals),kill data adjusted by sex–age categories probably provides the most accurate estimates of prey biomass *** results provide further confirmation of the centrality of medium ungulates,in particular wild boar,to Amur tiger diet,and suggest that the protection of this group of species is critical to Amur tiger conservation.

关键词： Amur tiger diet Jacobs’index predation Russian Far East

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