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Effect of tillage state of paddy soils with heavy metal pollution on the nosZ gene of N_(2)O reductase

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第3期137卷 469-477页

作者： Liping Jiang Shiguang Liu Shanyun Wang Libo Sun Guibing Zhu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China School of Environmental and Civil Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Paddy soils are an important source of atmospheric nitrous oxide(N_(2)O).However,numerous studies have focused on N_(2)O production during the soil tillage period,neglecting the N_(2)O production during the dry fallow *** this study,we conducted an incubation experiment using the acetylene inhibition technique to investigate N_(2)O emission and reduction rates of paddy soil profiles(0-1 m)from Guangdong Province and Jinlin Province in China,with different heavy-metal pollution *** abundance and community structures of denitrifying bacteria were determined via quantitative-PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing of nosZ,nirK,and nirS *** results showed that the potential N_(2)O emission rate,N_(2)O production rate,and denitrification rate have decreased with increasing soil vertical depth and heavy-metal *** importantly,we found that the functional gene type of N_(2)O reductase switched with the tillage state of paddy soils,which cladeⅡnos Z genes were the dominant gene during the tillage period,while cladeⅠnos Z genes were the dominant gene during the dry fallow *** heavy-metal pollution has less effect on the niche differentiation of the nos Z *** N_(2)O emission rate was significantly regulated by the genus Bradyhizobium,which contains both N_(2)O reductase and nitrite reductase *** findings suggests that the nos Z gene of N_(2)O reductase can significantly impact the N_(2)O emission from paddy soils.

关键词： Pappy soils N_(2)O reductase nosZ gene Heavy-metal pollution

Quantum confinement of carriers in the type-I quantum wells structure

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chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 553-558页

作者： Xinxin Li Zhen Deng Yang Jiang Chunhua Du Haiqiang Jia Wenxin Wang Hong Chen Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials andDevicesBeijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChineseAcademy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy ofSciencesBeijing 100049China The Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center Liyang 213000China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Quantum confinement is recognized to be an inherent property in low-dimensional ***,it is believed that the carriers trapped within the well cannot escape due to the discrete energy ***,our previous research has revealed efficient carrier escape in low-dimensional structures,contradicting this conventional *** this study,we review the energy band structure of quantum wells along the growth direction considering it as a superposition of the bulk material dispersion and quantization energy dispersion resulting from the quantum confinement across the whole Brillouin *** accounting for all wave vectors,we obtain a certain distribution of carrier energy at each quantized energy level,giving rise to the energy *** results enable carriers to escape from the well under the influence of an electric ***,we have compiled a comprehensive summary of various energy band scenarios in quantum well structures relevant to carrier *** a new interpretation holds significant value in deepening our comprehension of low-dimensional energy bands,discovering new physical phenomena,and designing novel devices with superior performance.

关键词： energy band quantum confinement type-I quantum wells low-dimensional structures

A complete assembly of the sorghum BTx623 reference genome

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 13-16页

作者： Yuan Deng Peng Zhou Fei Li Jing Wang Kun Xie Hongkai Liang Chunchao Wang Bin Liu Zhenxing Zhu Wenbin Zhou Baoqing Dun Xiaochun Lu Xianmin Diao Qiang He State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Crop Molecular Improvement Lab Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangLiaoning 110161China Zhongyuan Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesXinxiangHenan 453599China

Dear Editor,Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor),recognized as the world’s fifth most significant cereal crop,plays an essential role as a model for genomic comparison and functional genomics of C4 *** was domesticated in Ethiop... 详细信息

关键词： ). Sorghum environments

Excellent alkali resistance of Fe,Ce and sulfates co-modified V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2) catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_(3)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1682-1692,I0002页

作者： Biyi Huang Xianfang Yi Jianyi Zhang Yuqiu Liu Yanting Chen Jinsheng Chen Jinxiu Wang Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Lab of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China College of Resources and Environment Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China Fujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China

Improving the alkali resistance of catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_(3) is still a *** this work,the co-modification with Fe,Ce and sulfates on V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2) catalysts(denoted as xSFeCeVWTi) significantly enhances its alkali resistance with K element as a representative.A series of xSFeCeVWTi catalysts was synthesized by wet impregnation with designed 0.05Fe/V, 1.5Ce/V and different S/V molar ratios *** NO_(x) conversion and K resistance of xSFeCeVWTi catalysts increase with the increase of loading amounts of sulfates but no longer further increase as the sulfates load is excessive to block the pores of catalysts and hinder the adsorption of *** optimal modified catalyst in about 2.2S/V actual loading ratio,corresponding to 10.5SFeCeVWTi sample,shows over 99.0%NO_(x) conversion and N_(2) selectivity at 300-400℃ after *** interaction between Fe,Ce and V improves its redox ability but slightly weakens surface acidity,while the proper amount of sulfate species enriches surface Br?nsted acid sites but attenuates its redox ***,a balance of redox capacity and surface acidity,caused by Fe,Ce and sulfate co-modification,contributes to the excellent K resistance of 10.5SFeCeVWTi ***,the change of physicochemical properties influences the reaction mechanism which follows the Eley-Rideal mechanism on *** *** results show that the co-modification with Fe,Ce and sulfates is a good way to improve the alkali tolerance of V_(2)O_(5)-WO_(3)/TiO_(2) catalyst in industrial applications.

关键词： SCR CeO_(2) Fe_(2)O_(3) SO_(4)^(2-) K resistance K poisoning

A dispersion-based impact identification method:mechanical model and experimental verification

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第7期40卷 80-91页

作者： Zishang Liu Tianyu Chen Kun Zhang Yanpeng Wei Yacong Guo Bingchen Wei Key Laboratory of Microgravity(National Microgravity Laboratory) Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Mechanics in Fluid Coupling Systems Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

External transient impact loads widely exist in the service environment of various engineering structures,and urgent engineering and military application requirements call for research on the theory and method of impact *** manuscript proposes a method to identify the impact *** employing the dispersive property of wave propagation through the waveguides,a dispersion-based average power spectral density(PSD)curve for quantitative representation of the dispersion is established,and its evolution law is investigated to apply the identification of impact *** critical parameters of the average PSD curve are obtained by analyzing the response of the structure from the perspective of *** effectiveness of this method is verified through the development of the triple-successive-impact split Hopkinson bar and the triple-successive-impact *** the method proposed in this manuscript,a kind of impact identification under multiple impact loads,which is not convenient to measure directly by the sensor,is realized,especially in the case of highly transient external impact.

关键词： Structural impact Dispersion Structure vibration Waveguides Impact identification

A pan-TE map highlights transposable elements underlying domestication and agronomic traits in Asian rice

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 105-118页

作者： Xiaoxia Li Xiaofan Dai Huiying He Yang Lv Longbo Yang Wenchuang He Congcong Liu Hua Wei Xiangpei Liu Qiaoling Yuan Xianmeng Wang Tianyi Wang Bintao Zhang Hong Zhang Wu Chen Yue Leng Xiaoman Yu Hongge Qian Bin Zhang Mingliang Guo Zhipeng Zhang Chuanlin Shi Qianqian Zhang Yan Cui Qiang Xu Xinglan Cao Dandan Chen Yongfeng Zhou Qian Qian Lianguang Shang Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University Yazhouwan National Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding Tropical Crops Genetic Resources InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Transposable elements(TEs) are ubiquitous genomic components and hard to study due to being highly repetitive. Here we assembled 232 chromosome-level genomes based on long-read sequencing *** the 232 genomes with 15 existing assemblies, we developed a pan-TE map comprising both cultivated and wild Asian rice. We detected 177 084 high-quality TE variations and inferred their derived state using outgroups. We found TEs were one source of phenotypic variation during rice domestication and differentiation. We identified 1246 genes whose expression variation was associated with TEs but not single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), such as Os Rboh B, and validated Os Rboh B's relative expression activity using a dual-Luciferase(LUC) reporter assays system. Our pan-TE map allowed us to detect multiple novel loci associated with agronomic traits. Collectively, our findings highlight the contributions of TEs to domestication, differentiation and agronomic traits in rice, and there is massive potential for gene cloning and molecular breeding by the high-quality Asian pan-TE map we generated.

关键词： transposable element super pan-genome pan-TE rice

Very long wave infrared quantum cascade detector based on modular band structure

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chinese Optics Letters 2024年第8期22卷 119-123页

作者： Kai Guo Yu Chen Yixuan Zhu Kun Li Shenqiang Zhai Fengqi Liu Jilong Tang Xiaohua Wang Zhipeng Wei Junqi Liu State Key Laboratory of High Power Semiconductor Lasers School of PhysicsChangchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130022China Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

The optoelectronic performance of quantum cascade detectors(QCDs)is highly sensitive to the design of the energy level structure,leading to the inability of a single structure to achieve broad wavelength *** address this issue,we propose and demonstrate a modular concept for very long wave infrared(VLWIR)QCDs based on a miniband diagonal transition *** modular design makes the wavelength tuning only need to be adjusted for the absorption quantum well module rather than for the whole active *** simulation shows that the wavelength tuning range is 39.6 meV(~14–30μm).To prove the feasibility of the scheme,three samples with different absorption well widths were fabricated and *** 10 K,the response wavelengths of the three QCDs are 14,16,and 18μm,respectively,corresponding to responsivities and detectivities exceeding 2 mA/W and 1×10^(10)Jones.

关键词： quantum cascade detector very long wave infrared modular band structure miniband diagonal transition wide tuning range

Impact of Co^(2+)substitution on structure and magnetic properties of M-type strontium ferrite with different Fe/Sr ratios

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chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 427-433页

作者： Yang Sun Ruoshui Liu Huayang Gong Baogen Shen School of Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Ganjiang innovation academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341119China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Ion substitution has significantly improved the performance of ferrite magnets,and cobalt remains a key area of *** on the mechanism of Co^(2+)in strontium ferrite,especially SrFe_(2n-x)Co_(x)O_(19-d)(n=6.1-5.4;x=0.05-0.20)synthesized using the ceramic method,showed that Co^(2+)preferentially enters the lattice as the Fe/Sr ratio *** results in a decrease in the lattice constants a and c due to oxygen vacancies and iron ion *** impact of Co substitution on morphology is minor compared to the effect of the Fe/Sr *** the Fe/Sr ratio decreases and the Co content increases,the saturation magnetization *** magnetic anisotropy field exhibits a nonlinear change,generally increasing with higher Fe/Sr ratios and Co *** changes in the performance of permanent magnets are attributed to the absence of Fe^(3+)ions at the 12k+2a and 2b sites and the substitution of Co^(2+)at the 2b *** suggests that by adjusting the Fe/Sr ratio and appropriate Co substitution,the magnetic anisotropy field of M-type strontium ferrite can be effectively optimized.

关键词： hexaferrite Co substitution Raman spectra magnetic properties

Formation and ecological response of sand patches in the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第2期16卷 298-313页

作者： DUN Yaoquan QU Jianjun KANG Wenyan LI Minlan LIU Bin WANG Tao SHAO Mei Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China College of Urban and Environmental sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710100China Zhongwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Company Limited Zhongwei 755000China

The development of bare patches typically signifies a process of ecosystem *** the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,the extensive emergence of bare sand patches poses a threat to both stability and ***,there is limited knowledge regarding the morphology,dynamic changes,and ecological responses associated with these sand ***,we analyzed the formation and development process of sand patches within the protection system and its effects on herbaceous vegetation growth and soil nutrients through field observation,survey,and indoor analysis *** results showed that sand patch development can be divided into three stages,i.e.,formation,expansion,and stabilization,which correspond to the initial,actively developing,and semi-fixed sand patches,*** average dimensions of all sand patch erosional areas were found to be 7.72 m in length,3.91 m in width,and 0.32 m in *** actively developing sand patches were the largest,and the initial sand patches were the *** the stage of formation and expansion,the herbaceous community composition changed,and the plant density decreased by more than 50.95%.Moreover,the coverage and height of herbaceous plants decreased in the erosional area and slightly increased in the depositional lobe;and the fine particles and nutrients of soils in the erosional area and depositional lobe showed a decreasing *** the stabilization phases of sand patches,the area from the inlet to the bottom of sand patches becomes initially covered with *** and 0-2 cm surface soil condition improved in the erosional area,but this improvement was not yet evident in the depositional *** such as disturbance,climate change,and surface resistance to erosion exert notable influences on the formation and dynamics of sand *** results can provide evidence for the future treatment of sand patches and the management of the pro

关键词： railway protection system sand patch morphology vegetation characteristic soil property