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Injury/ischemia-induced stem cells: up-to-date knowledge and future perspectives for neural regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 797-798页

作者： Takayuki Nakagomi Institute for Advanced Medical sciences Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan Department of Therapeutic Progress in Brain Diseases Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaJapan

Brain injuries like ischemic stroke induce endogenous stem cell production. Although the precise traits of stem cells in pathological brains remain unclear, we previously demonstrated that injury/ischemia-induced stem... 详细信息

关键词： ischemia injuries

New aspects of a small GTPase RAB35 in brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1971-1980页

作者： Ikuko Maejima Ken Sato Laboratory of Molecular Traffic Institute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan

In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins,lipids,and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or *** processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain(RAB)protein family,which is the largest subfamily of the RAS *** of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases,including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative ***,it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain ***35,a member of the RAB family,is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans.A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis,endocytic recycling,actin bundling,and cell ***35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic *** generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and *** mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial ***,RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development,and thereby for normal hippocampal *** contrast,layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially,even in the absence of RAB35,suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex *** studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's *** this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of *** also provide insights into the phys

关键词： endocytosis endosomes hippocampal development neurodegenerative diseases RAB35

Monogenic gene therapy for glaucoma and optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 815-816页

作者： Chikako Harada Xiaoli Guo Takayuki Harada Visual Research Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan

The prevalence of glaucoma, the second leading cause of global blindness, is increasing due to aging populations. In glaucoma, degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) causes visual field defec... 详细信息

关键词： visual glaucoma degeneration

Asking one mechanism in glial cells during neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1077-1078页

作者： Xiaoli Guo Chikako Harada Takayuki Harada Visual Research Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan

Multiple sclerosis(MS),which is characterized by inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system(CNS),is the most common neurological disease in the young adult *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),an animal model of MS,is often used in preclinical *** data indicate that in addition to immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells,CNS resident microglia and astrocytes play important roles in demyelinating neuroinflammation(Healy et al.,2022).In particular,microglia are key immune-competent cells that can respond to environmental *** depletion of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1,a mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase kinase,in microglia is reported to reduce CNS inflammation and diminish axonal and myelin damage *** suggests that elucidating the mechanisms of microglia-specific responses during pathologies may help in the development of treatments that reduce EAE/MS disease severity(Goldmann et al.,2013).

关键词： inflammation clinical

STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS IN NANO-SCALE

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2011年第1期29卷 43-52页

作者： Toshio Nishi So Fujinami Ken Nakajima WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University

The nano-palpation technique, i.e., nanometer-scale elastic and viscoelastic measurements based on atomic force microscope, is introduced. It is demonstrated to be very useful in analyzing nanometer-scale materials properties for the surfaces and interfaces of various types of soft materials. It enables us to obtain not only structural information but also mechanical information about a material at the same place and at the same time.

关键词： Nano-palpation Atomic force microscope Soft material Young's modulus Viscoelasticity.

Enhanced efficiency and stability in Sn-based perovskite solar cells by trimethylsilyl halide surface passivation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 604-611,I0016页

作者： Zheng Zhang Liang Wang Ajay Kumar Baranwal Shahrir Razey Sahamir Gaurav Kapil Yoshitaka Sanehira Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin Kohei Nishimura Chao Ding Dong Liu Yusheng Li Hua Li Mengmeng Chen Qing Shen Teresa SRipolles Juan Bisquert Shuzi Hayase Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering University of Electro-Communication1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicación Universidad Rey Juan CarlosMadrid 28933Spain Institute of Advanced Materials(INAM) Universitat Jaume ICastelló12006Spain

Lead free tin perovskite solar cells(PKSCs)are the most suitable alternative candidate for conventional lead perovskite solar ***,the efficiency and the stability are insufficient,mainly because of the poor film quality and numerous *** we introduce an efficient strategy based on a simple trimethylsilyl halide surface passivation to increase the film quality and reduce the defect *** the same time,a hydrophobic protective layer on the perovskite surface is formed,which enhanced the PKSCs’*** efficiency of the solar cell after the passivation was enhanced from 10.05%to 12.22%with the improved open-circuit voltage from 0.57 V to 0.70 *** addition,after 92 days of storage in N_(2) filled glovebox,the modified T-PKSCs demonstrated high stability maintaining 80%of its initial *** work provides a simple and widely used strategy to optimize the surface/interface optoelectronic properties of perovskites for giving more efficient and stable solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Tin halide perovskite Trimethylsilyl halide Surface passivation Stability

Towards development of enhanced fully-Lagrangian mesh-free computational methods for fluid-structure interaction

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第1期30卷 49-61页

作者： Abbas Khayyer Hitoshi Gotoh Hosein Falahaty Yuma Shimizu Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityKatsura Campus

Simulation of incompressible fluid flow-elastic structure interactions is targeted by using fully-Lagrangian mesh-free computational methods. A projection-based fluid model（moving particle semi-implicit（MPS）） is coupled with either a Newtonian or a Hamiltonian Lagrangian structure model（MPS or HMPS） in a mathematically-physically consistent manner. The fluid model is founded on the solution of Navier-Stokes and continuity equations. The structure models are configured either in the framework of Newtonian mechanics on the basis of conservation of linear and angular momenta, or Hamiltonian mechanics on the basis of variational principle for incompressible elastodynamics. A set of enhanced schemes are incorporated for projection-based fluid model（Enhanced MPS）, thus, the developed coupled solvers for fluid structure interaction（FSI） are referred to as Enhanced MPS-MPS and Enhanced MPS-HMPS. Besides, two smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SPH）-based FSI solvers, being developed by the authors, are considered and their potential applicability and comparable performance are briefly discussed in comparison with MPS-based FSI solvers. The SPH-based FSI solvers are established through coupling of projection-based incompressible SPH（ISPH） fluid model and SPH-based Newtonian/Hamiltonian structure models, leading to Enhanced ISPH-SPH and Enhanced ISPH-HSPH. A comparative study is carried out on the performances of the FSI solvers through a set of benchmark tests, including hydrostatic water column on an elastic plate,high speed impact of an elastic aluminum beam, hydroelastic slamming of a marine panel and dam break with elastic gate.

关键词： Fluid structure interaction(FSI) projection-based method moving particle semi-implicit incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics(ISPH) Hamiltonian MPS(HMPS) Hamiltonian SPH(HSPH)

A simulation-based study on longitudinal gust response of flexible flapping wings

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第6期34卷 1048-1060页

作者： Toshiyuki Nakata Ryusuke Noda Shinobu Kumagai Hao Liu Graduate School of Engineering Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kanto Gakuin UniversityKanagawa 263-8501Japan

Winged animals such as insects are capable of flying and surviving in an unsteady and unpredictable aerial *** generate and control aerodynamic forces by flapping their flexible *** the dynamic shape changes of their flapping wings are known to enhance the efficiency of their flight,they can also affect the stability of a flapping wing flyer under unpredictable disturbances by responding to the sudden changes of aerodynamic forces on the *** order to test the hypothesis,the gust response of flexible flapping wings is investigated numerically with a specific focus on the passive maintenance of aerodynamic forces by the wing *** computational model is based on a dynamic flight simulator that can incorporate the realistic morphology,the kinematics,the structural dynamics,the aerodynamics and the fluid-structure interactions of a hovering *** longitudinal gusts are imposed against the tethered model of a hovering hawkmoth with flexible flapping *** is found that the aerodynamic forces on the flapping wings are affected by the gust,because of the increase or decrease in relative wingtip velocity or kinematic angle of *** passive shape change of flexible wings can,however,reduce the changes in the magnitude and direction of aerodynamic forces by the gusts from various directions,except for the downward *** adaptive response of the flexible structure to stabilise the attitude can be classified into the mechanical feedback,which works passively with minimal delay,and is of great importance to the design of bio-inspired flapping wings for micro-air vehicles.

关键词： Insect flight Flapping wing Flexible wing Gust response Fluid-structure interaction Mechanical feedback

Efficacy of MK615 for the treatment of patients with liver disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4118-4126页

作者： Atsushi Hokari Tomohisa Ishikawa Hisao Tajiri Takahide Matsuda Osamu Ishii Nobuyuki Matsumoto Chiaki Okuse Hideaki Takahashi Takeshi Kurihara Ko-ichi Kawahara Ikuro Maruyama Mikio Zeniya Department of Internal Medicine Division of General Internal MedicineSt.Marianna University School of MedicineKawasaki 2168511Japan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologySt.Marianna University School of MedicineKawasaki 2168511Japan Keio University Graduate School of Media and GovernanceFujisawa 2520882Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Osaka Institute of TechnologyOsaka 5358585Japan Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 8908580Japan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo 1058471Japan

AIM： To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of MK615, a japanese apricot extract, in an animal model, and its clinical therapeutic effect. METHODS： Wistar rats were administered physiologi- cal saline （4 mL/kg） or MK615 solution （4 mL/kg） for 7 d. On the sixth d, acute hepatic injury was induced by administering a single intraperitoneal injection （ip） of D-galactosamine hydrochloride （D-GaIN）（600 mg/kg）. Plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） were determined, and liver tissues were used for histopathological analy- sis. Fifty-eight patients with liver disorders [hepatitis C （n = 40）, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （n = 15）, and autoimmune liver disease （n = 3）] were orally admin- istered commercially available Misatol ME-containing MK615 （13 g/d） daily for 12 wk. Blood and urine were sampled immediately before and 6 wk, 12 wk, and 16 wk after the start of intake to measure various bio- chemical parameters. The percentage change in ALT and AST levels after 12 wk from the pre-intake baseline served as a primary endpoint. RESULTS： D-GaIN effectively induced acute hepatic injury in the rats. At 48 h after the ip injection of D-GaIN, the plasma levels of ALT （475.6 ：t： 191.5 IU/L vs 225.3 ＋ 194.2 IU/L, P 〈 0.05） and AST （1253.9：1：223.4 IU/L vs 621.9 ＋ 478.2 IU/L, P 〈 0.05） in the MK615 group were significantly lower than the control group. Scattered single cell necrosis, loss of hepatocytes, and extensive inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in hepatic tissue samples collected from the control group. However, these findings were less pronounced in the group receiving MK615. At the end of the clinical study, serum ALT and AST levels were significantly de- creased compared with pre-intake baseline levels from 103.5 ：l： 58.8 IU/L to 71.8 ＋ 39.3 IU/L （P 〈 0.05） and from 93.5 ：E 55.6 IU/L to 65.5 ＋ 34.8 IU/L （P 〈 0.05）, respectively. A reduction of 〉~ 30% from the pre-study baseline ALT level was observed in 26 （45

关键词： Prunus mume MK615 Liver damage Hep-atitis C Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease