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Large-scale characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones with abrupt intensity change

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 808-816页

作者： Qianqian JIU Feng XU Jianjun XU Mei LIANG Shifei TU Siqi CHEN South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China College of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Southern Marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang 524088China

Data from the China Meteorological Administration and ERA-Interim are used to examine the environmental characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs)with abrupt intensity *** results show that,of all 657 landfalling TCs during 1979-2017,71%,70%and 65%of all landfalling TDs,TSs and TYs,respectively,*** all the 16595 samples,4.0%and 0.2%of typhoons and tropical storms,respectively,experience over-water rapid intensification(RI)process during their life ***,4.5%and 0.6%of typhoons and tropial storms,respectively,undergo overwater rapid decay(RD).These two kinds of cases,i.e.,RI and RD,are used to analyze their associated large-scale *** show that the RI cases are generally on the south side of the strong western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH);warm sea surface temperatures(SSTs)and sufficient water vapor fluxes existing in RI samples is a dominant feature that is conducive to the development of ***,the moderate low-level relative vorticity is favorable for TC *** the contrary,the RD TCs are located on the west side of the WPSH;significant decreasing SSTs and low-level water vapor transport may synergistically contribute to ***,low-level relative vorticity seems to be unfavorable for the development of TCs.

关键词： landfalling tropical cyclone abrupt intensity change environmental factors dynamic composite analysis

Quantitative determination of the electron beam radiation dose for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation to decontaminate frozen food packaging

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第6期37卷 823-830页

作者： Zihao Wang Zhentao Liang Rongguo Wei Hongwei Wang Fang Cheng Yang Liu Songdong Meng Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning530022China China Isotope and Radiaton Corporation Beijing100089China Changchun CNNC CIRC Radiation Technology Co. LTDChangchun130022China

The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) from cold-chain foods to frontline workers poses a serious public health threat during the current global pandemic. There is an urgent need to design concise approaches for effective virus inactivation under different physicochemical conditions to reduce the risk of contagion through viral contaminated surfaces of cold-chain foods. By employing a time course of electron beam exposure to a high titer of SARS-CoV-2 at cold-chain temperatures, a radiation dose of 2 kGy was demonstrated to reduce the viral titer from 10^(4.5)to 0 median tissue culture infectious dose(TCID_(50))/mL. Next,using human coronavirus OC43(HCoV-OC43) as a suitable SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, 3 kGy of high-energy electron radiation was defined as the inactivation dose for a titer reduction of more than 4 log units on tested packaging materials. Furthermore, quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR) was used to test three viral genes,namely, E, N, and ORF1ab. There was a strong correlation between TCID50and RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2detection. However, RT-qPCR could not differentiate between the infectivity of the radiation-inactivated and nonirradiated control viruses. As the defined radiation dose for effective viral inactivation fell far below the upper safe dose limit for food processing, our results provide a basis for designing radiation-based approaches for the decontamination of SARS-CoV-2 in frozen food products. We further demonstrate that cell-based virus assays are essential to evaluate the SARS-CoV-2 inactivation efficiency for the decontaminating strategies.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Inactivation Electron beam radiation Food decontamination Cold-chain

Influencing mechanism of energy-related carbon emissions in Xinjiang based on the input-output and structural decomposition analysis

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2017年第3期27卷 365-384页

作者： WANG Changjian WANG Fei ZHANG Xiaolei ZHANG Hongou Guangzhou Institute of Geography Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application Guangzhou 510070 China College of Geography Science and Tourism Xinjiang Normal University Urumqi 830054 China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography CAS Urumqi 830011 China

Analysis of carbon emission mechanism based on regional perspectives is an im- portant research method capable of achieving energy savings and emission reductions. Xin- jiang, an important Chinese energy production base, is currently going through a period of strategic opportunities for rapid development. Ensuring stable socio-economic development while achieving energy savings and meeting emission reductions targets, is the key issue currently facing the region. This paper is based on the input-output theory, and conducts a structural decomposition analysis on the factors affecting energy-related carbon emissions in Xinjiang from 1997 to 2007; this analysis employs a hybrid input-output analysis framework of ＂energy - economy - carbon emissions＂. （1） Xinjiang＇s carbon emissions from energy con- sumption increased from 20.70 million tons in 1997 to 40.34 million tons in 2007; carbon emissions growth was mainly concentrated in the production and processing of energy re- sources, the mining of mineral resources, and the processing industry. （2） The analysis of the direct effects of the influencing factors on carbon emissions showed that the change in per capita GDP, the final demand structure, the population scale, and the production structure were the important factors causing an increase in carbon emissions, while the decrease in carbon emission intensity during this period was the important influencing factor in stopping the growth of carbon emissions. This showed that while the sizes of Xinjiang＇s economy and population were growing, the economic structure had not been effectively optimized and the production technology had not been efficiently improved, resulting in a rapid growth of carbon emissions from energy consumption. （3） The analysis of the indirect effects of the influencing factors of carbon emission showed that the inter-provincial export, fixed capital formation, and the consumption by urban residents had significant influence on the changes in carbon

关键词： carbon emissions input output-structural decomposition analysis influencing factors Xinjiang

选区激光熔化成形射频等离子体球化钽粉的微观组织与力学性能

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稀有金属材料与工程 2020年第12期49卷 4023-4030页

作者：施麒毛新华谭冲丁超刘辛广东省科学院材料与加工研究所广东广州510650 国家钛及稀有金属粉末冶金工程技术研究中心广东广州510650 广东省金属强韧化技术与应用重点实验室广东广州510650

采用射频等离子体球化法制备的球形钽粉进行选区激光熔化(SLM)成形致密化研究。通过工艺参数优化,在扫描速度为650mm/s和激光能量为240 W条件下,获得了完全致密的钽样件。由于原始粉末具有较高的流动性,激光成形钽样件表现出较好的成形... 详细信息

采用射频等离子体球化法制备的球形钽粉进行选区激光熔化(SLM)成形致密化研究。通过工艺参数优化,在扫描速度为650mm/s和激光能量为240 W条件下,获得了完全致密的钽样件。由于原始粉末具有较高的流动性,激光成形钽样件表现出较好的成形性能和表面质量。微观组织表征结果显示,样件顶面和侧面分别呈现等轴晶和柱状晶。EBSD结果表明,在制造方向呈现择优取向。最高显微硬度和抗拉强度分别达到2962和697 MPa,致密样件的延伸率也显著提高到28.5%。

关键词：选区激光熔化球形钽粉致密化织构力学性能

Towards intrinsically pure graphene grown on copper

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 919-924页

作者： Xiaozhi Xu Ruixi Qiao Zhihua Liang Zhihong Zhang Ran Wang Fankai Zeng Guoliang Cui Xiaowen Zhang Dingxin Zou Yi Guo Can Liu Ying Fu Xu Zhou Muhong Wu Zhujun Wang Yue Zhao Enke Wang Zhilie Tang Dapeng Yu Kaihui Liu guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials School of Physics and Telecommunication EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronicsSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China International Centre for Quantum Materials Collaborative Innovation Centre of Quantum MatterPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of PhysicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesGuangdong 523808China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 200031China

The state-of-the-art semiconductor industry is built on the successful production of silicon ingot with extreme purity as high as 99.999999999%,or the so-called"eleven nines".The coming high-end applications of graphene in electronics and optoelectronics will inevitably need defect-free pure graphene as *** to its two-dimensional(2D)characteristics,graphene restricts all the defects on its surface and has the opportunity to eliminate all kinds of defects,i.e.,line defects at grain boundaries and point or dot defects in grains,and produce intrinsically pure *** the past decade,epitaxy growth has been adopted to grow graphene by seamlessly stitching of aligned grains and the line defects at grain boundaries were eliminated ***,as for the equally common dot and point defects in graphene grain,there are rare ways to detect or reduce them with high throughput and ***,we report a methodology to realize the production of ultrapure graphene grown on copper by eliminating both the dot and point defects in graphene *** dot defects,proved to be caused by the silica particles shedding from quartz tube during the high-temperature growth,were excluded by a designed heat-resisting box to prevent the deposition of particles on the copper *** point defects were optically visualized by a mild-oxidation-assisted method and further reduced by etching-regrowth process to an ultralow level of less than 1/1,000 μm^(2).Our work points out an avenue for the production of intrinsically pure graphene and thus lays the foundation for the large-scale graphene applications at the integrated-circuit level.

关键词： pure graphene point defect mild-oxidation copper

Cellular gp96 upregulates AFP expression by blocking NR5A2 SUMOylation and ubiquitination in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第5期15卷 66-79页

作者： Liyuan Qian Zhentao Liang Zihao Wang Jiuru Wang Xin Li Jingmin Zhao Zihai Li Lizhao Chen Yongai Liu Ying Ju Changfei Li Songdong Meng Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeĳing 100101China University of Chinese academy of Science Beĳing 100049China Department of Pathology and Hepatology The Fifth Medical CentreChinese PLA General HospitalBeĳing 100039China Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center—The JamesColumbusOH 43210USA

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most widely used biomarker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, asubstantial proportion of HCC patients have either normal or marginally increased AFP levels in serum, and the underlyingmechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that heat shock protein gp96promoted AFP expression at the transcriptional level in HCC. NR5A2 was identified as a key transcription factor for the AFP gene, andits stability was enhanced by gp96. A further mechanistic study by co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and molecular dockingshowed gp96 and the SUMO E3 ligase RanBP2 competitively binding to NR5A2 at the sites spanning from aa 507 to aa 539. Thebinding of gp96 inhibited SUMOylation, ubiquitination, and subsequent degradation of NR5A2. In addition, clinical analysis of HCCpatients indicated that gp96 expression in tumors was positively correlated with serum AFP levels. Therefore, our study uncovered anovel mechanism that gp96 regulates the stability of its client proteins by directly affecting their SUMOylation and *** findings will help in designing more accurate AFP-based HCC diagnosis and progression monitoring approaches.

关键词： gp96 AFP NR5A2 RanBP2 SUMOylation

Super-strong interactions between multivalent anions and graphene

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第4期30卷 425-431页

作者： Xing Liu Guosheng Shi Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute State Key Laboratory Advanced Special SteelShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

Based on the density functional theory(DFT) calculations,we showed that the interactions between different valence anions(PO_(4)^(3-),CH_(3)PO_(4)^(2-),(CH_(3))_(2)PO_(4)^(-)) and graphene significantly increased as the valence of anion increased from negative monovalence to negative *** adsorption energy of(CH_(3))_(2)PO_(4)^(-)on the electron-rich graphene flake(C84H24)is-8.3 kcal/*** adsorption energy of CH_(3)PO_(4)^(2-) on the electron-rich graphene flake(C_(84)H_(24)) is-48.0 kcal/mol,which is about six times that of(CH_(3))_(2)PO_(4) adsorption on electron-rich graphene flake(C_(84)H_(24)) and is even much larger than that of CO_(3)^(2-) adsorption on electron-deficient aromatic ring C_(6)F_(6)(-28.4 kcal/mol).The adsorption energy of PO_(4)^(3-)on the electron-rich graphene flake(C_(84)H_(24)) is-159.2 kcal/mol,which is about 20 times that of(CH_(3))_(2)PO_(4) adsorption on the graphene flake(C_(84)H_(24)).The super-strong adsorption energy is mainly attributed to the orbital interactions between multivalent anions and *** work provides new insights for understanding the interaction between multivalent anions and π-electron-rich carbon-based nanomaterials and is helpful for the design of graphene-based DNA biosensor.

关键词： graphene multivalent anions anion-πinteraction density functional theory

Investigation of magnetization reversal and domain structures in perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnets by first-order reversal curves and magneto-optical Kerr effect

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第11期32卷 580-584页

作者：王向谦李佳楠何开宙谢明玲朱旭鹏 School of Physics Science and Technology Lingnan Normal UniversityZhangjiang 524048China Key Laboratory of Sensor and Sensor Technology Institute of Sensor TechnologyGansu Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Perpendicular synthetic-antiferromagnet(p-SAF) has broad applications in spin-transfer-torque magnetic random access memory and magnetic sensors. In this study, the p-SAF films consisting of (Co/Ni)3]/Ir(tIr)/[(Ni/Co)3are fabricated by magnetron sputtering technology. We study the domain structure and switching field distribution in p-SAF by changing the thickness of the infrared space layer. The strongest exchange coupling field(Hex) is observed when the thickness of Ir layer(tIr) is 0.7 nm and becoming weak according to the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida-type coupling at 1.05 nm,2.1 nm, 4.55 nm, and 4.9 nm in sequence. Furthermore, the domain switching process between the upper Co/Ni stack and the bottom Co/Ni stack is different because of the antiferromagnet coupling. Compared with ferromagnet coupling films, the antiferromagnet samples possess three irreversible reversal regions in the first-order reversal curve *** tIrincreasing, these irreversible reversal regions become denser and smaller. The results from this study will help us understand the details of the magnetization reversal process in the p-SAF.

关键词： perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnet first-order reversal curves magnetization reversal pro-cess domain

Congruent melting of tungsten phosphide at 5 GPa and 3200℃ for growing its large single crystals

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第8期29卷 501-506页

作者： Xiao-Jun Xiang Guo-Zhu Song Xue-Feng Zhou Hao Liang Yue Xu Shi-Jun Qin Jun-Pu Wang Fang Hong Jian-Hong Dai Bo-Wen Zhou Wen-Jia Liang Yun-Yu Yin Yu-Sheng Zhao Fang Peng Xiao-Hui Yu Shan-Min Wang Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology(SUST)Shenzhen 518055China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

As one of important members of refractory materials,tungsten phosphide(WP)holds great potential for fundamental study and industrial applications in many fields of science and technology,due to its excellent properties such as superconductivity and as-predicted topological band ***,synthesis of high-quality WP crystals is still a challenge by using tradition synthetic methods,because the synthesis temperature for growing its large crystals is very stringently required to be as high as 3000℃,which is far beyond the temperature capability of most laboratory-based devices for crystal *** addition,high temperature often induces the decomposition of metal phosphides,leading to off-stoichiometric samples based on which the materials'intrinsic properties cannot be *** this work,we report a high-pressure synthesis of single-crystal WP through a direct crystallization from cooling the congruent W-P melts at 5 GPa and^3200℃.In combination of x-ray diffraction,electron microscope,and thermal analysis,the crystal structure,morphology,and stability of recovered sample are well *** final product is phase-pure and nearly stoichiometric WP in a single-crystal form with a large grain size,in excess of one millimeter,thus making it feasible to implement most experimental measurements,especially,for the case where a large crystal is *** in synthesis of high-quality WP crystals at high pressure can offer great opportunities for determining their intrinsic properties and also making more efforts to study the family of transition-metal phosphides.

关键词： congruent melting tungsten phosphide single crystals high pressure and high temperature