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Knockdown of apoptosis-inducing factor disrupts function of respiratory complex I

BIOCELL 2012年第3期36卷 121-126页

作者： MIROSLAV VAˇRECHA DANIELA PÁCLOVÁ JIˇRINA PROCHÁZKOVÁ PAVEL MATULA DUˇSAN CMARKO AND MICHAL KOZUBEK Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Faculty of InformaticsMasaryk UniversityBotanická68aBrno 60200Czech Republic Department of Experimental Biology Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityKotláˇrská2Brno 61137Czech Repub-lic Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 1st Faculty of MedicineCharles University in PragueAlbertov 4Prague 12801Czech Republic

Recent findings suggest that apoptotic protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) may also play an important non-apoptotic function inside mitochondria. AIF was proposed to be an important component of respiratory chain complex I that is the major producer of superoxide radical. The possible role of AIF is still controversial. Superoxide production could be used as a valuable measure of complex I function, because the majority of superoxide is produced there. Therefore, we employed superoxide-specific mitochondrial fluo- rescence dye for detection of superoxide production. We studied an impact of AIF knockdown on function of mitochondrial complex I by analyzing superoxide production in selected cell lines. Our results show that tumoral telomerase-positive (TP) AIF knockdown cell lines display significant increase in superoxide pro- duction in comparison to control cells, while a non-tumoral cell line and tumoral telomerase-negative cell lines with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) show a decrease in superoxide production. According to these results, we can conclude that AIF knockdown disrupts function of complex I and therefore increases the superoxide production in mitochondria. The distinct effect of AIF depletion in various cell lines could result from recently discovered activity of telomerase in mitochondria of TP cancer cells, but this hypothesis needs further investigation.

关键词： superoxide fluorescence microscopy image analysis mitochondria telomerase

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Rheology of Poly(vinyl butyral)Solution Containing Fumed Silica in Correlation with Electrospinning

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第6期36卷 742-748页

作者： Petra Peer Martina Polaskova Pavol Suly Institute of Hydrodynamics of the czech Academy of Sciences Pod Patankou 5166 12 Prague 6Czech Republic Centre of Polymer Systems Tomas Bata University in Zlintrida Tomase Bati 5678760 O1 ZlinCzech Republic Department of Polymer Engineering Faculty of TechnologyTomas Bata University in ZlinVavreckova 27576001 ZlinCzech Republic

The rheological properties in question are influenced by many factors, ranging from the characteristics of the given polymer or solvent to the flowing conditions. The primary focus of this study is to analyse the rheological behaviour of poly（vinyl butyral）—Mowital B 60 H—（PVB） solutions dissolved in methanol and a blend of these with fumed silica nanoparticles. The preparation of the nanofibrous web and the quality of nanofibres were correlated with the rheology of the polymer solution. It was discerned that drastically intensifying shear viscosity and the elasticity of the solution exerted a negligible effect on the formation of fibres, a finding which has rarely been discussed in the literature. The morphologies and structures of the PVB/silica nanofibrous membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibres Poly(vinyl butyral) Fumed silica Rheology

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Thermoelectric energy harvesting for internet of things devices using machine learning:A review

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第3期8卷 680-700页

作者： Tereza Kucova Michal Prauzek Jaromir Konecny Darius Andriukaitis Mindaugas Zilys Radek Martinek VSB-Technical University of Ostrava OstravaCzech Republic Kaunas University of Technology KaunasLithuania

Initiatives to minimise battery use,address sustainability,and reduce regular maintenance have driven the challenge to use alternative power sources to supply energy to devices deployed in Internet of Things(IoT)*** a key pillar of fifth generation(5G)and beyond 5G networks,IoT is estimated to reach 42 billion devices by the year *** generators(TEGs)are solid state energy harvesters which reliably and renewably convert thermal energy into electrical *** devices are able to recover lost thermal energy,produce energy in extreme environments,generate electric power in remote areas,and power micro‐*** the state of the art,the authorspresent a comprehensive review of machine learning(ML)approaches applied in combination with TEG‐powered IoT devices to manage and predict available *** application areas of TEG‐driven IoT devices that exploit as a heat source the temperature differences found in the environment,biological structures,machines,and other technologies are *** on detailed research of the state of the art in TEG‐powered devices,the authors investigated the research challenges,applied algorithms and application areas of this *** aims of the research were to devise new energy prediction and energy management systems based on ML methods,create supervised algorithms which better estimate incoming energy,and develop unsupervised and semi‐supervised ap-proaches which provide adaptive and dynamic *** review results indicate that TEGs are a suitable energy harvesting technology for low‐power applications through their scalability,usability in ubiquitous temperature difference scenarios,and long oper-ating ***,TEGs also have low energy efficiency(around 10%)and require a relatively constant heat source.

关键词： adaptive systems intelligent embedded systems internet of things machine learning sensors

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On Scientific Data and Image Compression Based on Adaptive Higher-Order FEM

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第1期1卷 56-68页

作者： P.Solin D.Andrs Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of NevadaRenoUSA Institute of Thermomechanics PragueCzech Republic

We present a novel compression algorithm for 2D scientific data and images based on exponentially-convergent adaptive higher-order finite element methods(FEM).So far,FEM has been used mainly for the solution of partial differential equations(PDE),but we show that it can be applied to data and image compression *** adaptive compression algorithm is trivial compared to adaptive FEM algorithms for PDE since the error estimation step is not *** method attains extremely high compression rates and is able to compress a data set or an image with any prescribed error *** data and images are stored in the standard FEM format,which makes it possible to analyze them using standard PDE visualization *** examples are *** method is presented in such a way that it can be understood by readers who may not be experts of the finite element method.

关键词： Data compression image compression adaptive hp-FEM orthogonal projection best approximation problem error control

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Toward development of ecosystem asset accounts at the national level

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2019年第1期5卷 36-46,I0022页

作者： Dava Vačkářů Ioanna Grammatikopoulou Department of Human Dimensions of Global Change Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of SciencesBrnoCzech Republic

Ecosystem accounting has become one of the key components in the revision of international statistical *** of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for ecosystem services follows the rapid progress of science in this area as well as expanding applications to sustainability *** this contribution,we discuss approaches to accounting of ecosystem assets as a natural capital basis that is critical for ecosystem service *** on examples from the czech republic,a Central European country,we illustrate the construction of ecosystem extent accounts based on the methodology of Land and Ecosystem *** analysis is complemented by monetary ecosystem asset accounting through quantification of the present value of future ecosystem service *** condition is represented by the Mean Species Abundance indicator,which gauges the direction of ecosystem *** on the demonstration of approaches to ecosystem asset accounting,we discuss selected aspects of ecosystem condition measurements,valuation,and policy implications of ecosystem asset accounting at the national level.

关键词： Ecosystem accounting ecosystem services land cover change Mean Species Abundance value transfer czech republic

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Control mechanisms in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第4期8卷 363-375页

作者： Jana Hroudová Zdeněk Fisar Department of Psychiatry First Faculty of MedicineCharles University in Prague and General University Hospital in PraguePragueCzech Republic

Distribution and activity of mitochondda are key factors in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity and axogenesis. The majority of energy sources, necessary for cellular functions, originate from oxidative phosphorylation located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The adenosine-5＇- triphosphate production is regulated by many control mechanism-firstly by oxygen, substrate level, adenosine-5＇-diphosphate level, mitochondrial membrane potential, and rate of coupling and proton leak. Recently, these mechanisms have been implemented by ＂second control mechanisms,＂ such as reversible phosphorylation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes and electron transport chain complexes, aUosteric inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase, thyroid hormones, effects of fatty acids and uncoupling proteins. Impaired function of mitochondria is implicated in many diseases ranging from mitochondrial myopathies to bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are usually related to the ability of mitochondria to generate adenosine-5＇-triphosphate in response to energy demands. Large amounts of reactive oxygen species are released by defective mitochondria similarly, decline of antioxidative enzyme activities （e.g. in the elderly） enhances reactive oxygen species production. We reviewed data concerning neuroplasticity, physiology, and control of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen species production.

关键词： neural regeneration reviews mitochondria metabolic pathway membrane potential oxidative phosphorylation electron transport chain complex reactive oxygen species respiratory state calcium uncoupling protein fatty acid neuroregeneration

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Effect of storage conditions on long-term stability of Ag nanoparticles formed via green synthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第10期24卷 1177-1182页

作者： Oksana Velgosova Elena Cizmarova Jaroslav Málek Jana Kavulicova Institute of Materials Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo nám. 13 121 32 Prague 2 Czech Republic Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia

Spherical Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs) with a diameter of 20 nm or smaller were biologically synthesized using algae Parachlorella kessleri. The effect of storage conditions on the long-term stability of AgNPs was investigated. UV/Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the long-term stability of AgNPs was influenced by light and temperature conditions. The most significant loss of stability was observed for the AgNPs stored in daylight at room temperature. The AgNPs stored under these conditions began to lose their stability after approximately 30 d; after 100 d, a substantial amount of agglomerated particles settled to the bottom of the Erlenmeyer flask. The AgNPs stored in the dark at room temperature exhibited better long-term stability. Weak particle agglomeration began at approximately the 100 th day. The AgNPs stored in the dark at about 5℃ exhibited the best long-term stability; the AgNPs stored under such conditions remained spherical, with a narrow size distribution, and stable(no agglomeration) even after 6 months. Zeta-potential measurements confirmed better dispersity and stability of AgNPs stored under these conditions.

关键词： silver nanoparticles stability storage conditions green synthesis Parachlorella kessleri

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Catenoidal Layers for the Allen-Cahn Equation in Bounded Domains

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第1期38卷 13-44页

作者： Oscar AGUDELO Manuel DEL PINO Juncheng WEI Department of Mathematics Zapadocescka Univerzita v PlzniPlzenCzech Republic Departamento de Ingenieria Matematica and CMM Universidad de ChileCasilla 170 Correo 3SantiagoChile Department of Mathematics University of British ColumbiaVancouver BC V6T 1Z2Canada

This paper presents a new family of solutions to the singularly perturbed Allen-Cahn equation α~2Δu + u(1- u^2) = 0 in a smooth bounded domain Ω R^3, with Neumann boundary condition and α > 0 a small parameter. These solutions have the property that as α→ 0, their level sets collapse onto a bounded portion of a complete embedded minimal surface with finite total curvature intersecting ?Ω orthogonally and that is non-degenerate respect to ?Ω. The authors provide explicit examples of surfaces to which the result applies.

关键词： Allen-Cahn equation Critical minimal surfaces Critical catenoid Infinite dimensional gluing method Neumann boundary condition

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Discrete Maximum Principle for Poisson Equation with Mixed Boundary Conditions Solved by hp-FEM

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第2期1卷 201-214页

作者： Tomáš Vejchodský Pavel Šolín Institute of Mathematics Czech Academy of SciencesŽitná25CZ-11567 Praha 1Czech Republic Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of NevadaRenoUSAInstitute of ThermomechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolejˇskova 5Praha 8CZ-18200Czech Republic

We present a proof of the discrete maximum principle(DMP)for the 1D Poisson equation−u"=f equipped with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary *** problem is discretized using finite elements of arbitrary lengths and polynomial degrees(hp-FEM).We show that the DMP holds on all meshes with no limitations to the sizes and polynomial degrees of the elements.

关键词： Discrete maximum principle hp-FEM Poisson equation mixed boundary conditions

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Effects of Inlet Swirl on the Flow in a Steam Turbine Exhaust Hood

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Journal of Thermal Science 2000年第4期9卷 327-333页

作者： MiroslavStastny LadislavTajc 等 Consultant Francouzska3830706PlzenCzechRepublic SKODAENERGOs.r.o. nam.Ceskychbratri831600PlzenCzechRepublic

The flow in the exhaust hood of a condensing steam turbine depends to a considerable extent on the inlet swirl of the flow which changes in tandem with the volumetric flow of steam through the last stage. This study gives a description of experiments which were carried out on the exhaust hood of a 500 MW steam turbine under various conditions, e.g. when there is rated power, when there is an idle run, or when there are various pressures in the condenser. The flow in a model exhaust hood was investigated by means of CFD methods. Computations were performed with the help of the FLUENT 5 code which is based on solving the Navier-Stokes equations while taking the RSM and LES models of turbulence into consideration. The results of the computations are in full conformity with the experiments.

关键词：蒸汽透平排汽湍流模型

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