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A Generic Model to Estimate Wheat LAI over Growing Season Regardless of the Soil-Type Background

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 333-352页

作者： Qiaomin Chen Bangyou Zheng Karine Chenu Scott C.Chapman School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLDAustralia Agriculture and Food CSIROQueensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLDAustralia The University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationToowoombaQLDAustralia

It is valuable to develop a generic model that can accurately estimate the leaf area index(LAI)of wheat from unmanned aerial vehicle-based multispectral data for diverse soil backgrounds without any ground *** achieve this objective,2 strategies were investigated to improve our existing random forest regression(RFR)model,which was trained with simulations from a radiative transfer model(PROSAIL).The 2 strategies consisted of(a)broadening the reflectance domain of soil background to generate training data and(b)finding an appropriate set of indicators(band reflectance and/or vegetation indices)as inputs of the RFR *** RFR models were tested in diverse soils representing varying soil types in *** analysis indicated that adopting both strategies resulted in a generic model that can provide accurate estimation for wheat LAI and is resistant to changes in soil *** validation on 2 years of field trials,this model achieved high prediction accuracy for LAI over the entire crop cycle(LAI up to 7 m^(2)m^(−2))(root mean square error(RMSE):0.23 to 0.89 m^(2)m^(−2)),including for sparse canopy(LAI less than 0.3 m^(2)m^(−2))grown on different soil types(RMSE:0.02 to 0.25 m^(2)m^(−2)).The model reliably captured the seasonal pattern of LAI dynamics for different treatments in terms of genotypes,plant densities,and water–nitrogen managements(correlation coefficient:0.82 to 0.98).With appropriate adaptations,this framework can be adjusted to any type of sensors to estimate various traits for various species(including but not limited to LAI of wheat)in associated disciplines,e.g.,crop breeding,precision agriculture,etc.

关键词： soil Wheat breeding

Fine-mapping and characterisation of genes on barley(Hordeum vulgare)chromosome 2H for salinity stress tolerance during germination

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 754-766页

作者： Edward Mwando Yong Han Tefera Angessa Xiao-Qi Zhang Chengdao Li Western Crop Genetics Alliance College of ScienceHealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional development 3 Baron-Hay CourtSouth PerthWA 6151Australia

Salinity causes a detrimental impact on plant growth,particularly when the stress occurs during germination and early development *** is one of the most salt-tolerant crops;previously we mapped two quantitative trait loci(QTL)for salinity tolerance during germination on the short arm of chromosome 2 H using a CM72/Gairdner doubled haploid(DH)***,we narrowed down the major QTL to a region of 0.341 or 0.439 Mb containing 9 or 24 candidate genes belonging to 6 or 20 functional gene families according to barley reference genomes v1 and v3 respectively,using two DH populations of CM72/Gairdner and Skiff/CM72,F_(2)and F;generations of CM72/Gairdner/;Spartacus CL,Two Receptorlike kinase 4(RLPK4)v1 or Receptor-like kinase(RLK)v3 could be the candidates for enhanced germination under salinity stress because of their upregulated expression in salt-tolerant variety ***,several insertion/deletion polymorphisms were identified within the 3 rd exon of the genes between CM72 and *** sequence variations resulted in shifted functional protein domains,which may be associated with differences in salinity *** molecular markers were designed for selecting the locus with receptor-like protein kinase 4,and one was inside HORVU2 Hr1 G111760.1 or ***.r3.2 *** diagnostic markers will allow for pyramiding of 2 H locus in barley varieties and facilitate genetic improvement for saline ***,validation of the genes to elucidate the mechanisms involved in enhancing salinity tolerance at germination and designing RLPK4 specific markers is *** this publication,all the analysis was based on barley reference genome of2017(v1),and it was used throughout for ***,the positions of the markers and genes identified were updated according to new genome(v3)for reference.

关键词： Barley Germination Salinity tolerance Diagnostic markers Receptor-like protein kinase 4 Gene expression Sequence analysis

From Prototype to Inference:A Pipeline to Apply Deep Learning in Sorghum Panicle Detection

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第1期5卷 94-109页

作者： Chrisbin James Yanyang Gu Andries Potgieter Etienne David Simon Madec Wei Guo Frédéric Baret Anders Eriksson Scott Chapman School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Arvalis Institut du VégétalParisFrance Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ParisFrance

Head(panicle)density is a major component in understanding crop yield,especially in crops that produce variable numbers of tillers such as sorghum and *** of panicle density both in plant breeding and in the agronomy scouting of commercial crops typically relies on manual counts observation,which is an inefficient and tedious *** of the easy availability of red–green–blue images,machine learning approaches have been applied to replacing manual ***,much of this research focuses on detection per se in limited testing conditions and does not provide a general protocol to utilize deep-learning-based *** this paper,we provide a comprehensive pipeline from data collection to model deployment in deep-learning-assisted panicle yield estimation for *** pipeline provides a basis from data collection and model training,to model validation and model deployment in commercial *** model training is the foundation of the ***,in natural environments,the deployment dataset is frequently different from the training data(domain shift)causing the model to fail,so a robust model is essential to build a reliable *** we demonstrate our pipeline in a sorghum field,the pipeline can be generalized to other grain *** pipeline provides a high-resolution head density map that can be utilized for diagnosis of agronomic variability within a field,in a pipeline built without commercial software.

关键词： crops breeding utilize

Non-escaping frost tolerant QTL linked genetic loci at reproductive stage in six wheat DH populations

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 147-165页

作者： Jingjuan Zhang MD Shahidul Islam Yun Zhao Masood Anwar Zaid Alhabbar Maoyun She Rongchang Yang Angela Juhasz Guixiang Tang Jiansheng Chen Hang Liu Yanjie Jiang Shengnan Zhai Xin Hu Junkang Rong Yingquan Zhang Yebo Qin Qier Liu Zitong Yu Yujuan Zhang Sadegh Balotf Mirza Dowla Sonia Afrin Nandita Roy Md Resad Mallik Md Atik Us Saieed Shanjida Rahman Nigarin Sultana Sarah Al-Sheikh Ahmed Chris Florides Kefei Chen Darshan Sharma Nathan Height Ben Biddulph Meiqin Lu Jorge EMayer Wujun Ma Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology CentreFood Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversitySouth StreetMurdochWA 6150Australia College of Agriculture&Food Zhejiang Agriculture&Forestry UniversityLin’an 311314ZhejiangChina SAGI West Faculty of Science and EngineeringCurtin UniversityBentleyWA 6102Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional development Western Australia3 Baron-Hay CourtSouth PerthWA 6151Australia Australian Grain Technologies 12656 Newell HighwayLocked Bag 1100NarrabriNSW 2390Australia Ag RD&IP Consult P/L NerangQLD 4211Australia

Reproductive stage frost poses a major constraint for wheat production in countries such as ***,little progress has been made in identifying key genes to overcome the *** the present study,a severe frost event hit two large-scale field trials consisting of six doubled haploid(DH)wheat populations at reproductive stage(young microspore stage)in Western Australia,leading to the identification of 30 robust frost QTL on 17 *** major 18 QTL with the phenotype variation over 9.5%were located on 13 chromosomes including 2 A,2 B,2 D,3 A,4 A,4 B,4 D,5 A,5 D,6 D,7 A,7 B and7 *** frost QTL were closely linked to the QTL of anthesis,maturity,Zadok stages as well as linked to anthesis related *** of those,six QTL were repetitively detected on the homologous regions on 2 B,4 B,4 D,5 A,5 D,7 A in more than two *** showed that the frost damage is associated with alleles of Vrn-A1 a,Vrn-D1 a,Rht-B1 b,Rht-D1 b,and the high copy number of ***,anthesis QTL and anthesis related genes of Vrn-B1 a and Ta FT3-1 B on chromosomes 5 B and 1 B did not lead to frost damage,indicating that these early-flowering phenotype related genes are compatible with frost tolerance and thus can be utilised in *** results also indicate that wild-type alleles Rht-B1 a and Rht-D1 a can be used when breeding for frost-tolerant varieties without delaying flowering time.

关键词： Anthesis-related genes Wheat DH populations Reproductive stage Non-escaping frost tolerance QTL

Ground-Based LiDAR Improves Phenotypic Repeatability of Above-Ground Biomass and Crop Growth Rate in Wheat

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 138-148页

作者： David M.Deery Greg J.Rebetzke Jose A.Jimenez-Berni Anthony G.Condon David J.Smith Kathryn M.Bechaz William D.Bovill CSIRO Agriculture and Food CanberraACTAustralia CSIRO Agriculture and Food YancoNSWAustralia NSW Department of Primary Industries YancoNSWAustralia

Highly repeatable,nondestructive,and high-throughput measures of above-ground biomass(AGB)and crop growth rate(CGR)are important for wheat improvement *** study evaluates the repeatability of destructive AGB and CGR measurements in comparison to two previously described methods for the estimation of AGB from LiDAR:3D voxel index(3DVI)and 3D profile index(3DPI).Across three field experiments,contrasting in available water supply and comprising up to 98 wheat genotypes varying for canopy architecture,several concurrent measurements of LiDAR and AGB were made from jointing to *** correlations at discrete events between AGB and the LiDAR-derived biomass indices were significant,ranging from 0.31(Presearch and wheat breeding.

关键词： Wheat Biomass LiDAR

Assessing the short-term impact of an insecticide （Deltamethrin） on predator and herbivore abundance in soybean Glycine max using a replicated small-plot field experiment

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 112-120页

作者： Sarina Macfadyen Myron P. Zalucki School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane Queensland CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences Black Mountain ACT Australia

A greater understanding of the relative impact of insecticide use on non-target species is critical for the incorporation of natural enemies into integrated pest management strategies. Here we use a small-plot field trial to examine the relative impact of an insec- ticide on herbivores and predators found in soybean （Glycine max L.）, and to highlight the issues associated with calculating impact factors from these studies. The pyrethroid insecticide （Deltamethrin） caused a significant reduction in invertebrate abundance in the treated plots, and populations did not recover to pre-treatment levels even 20 days af- ter spraying. To assess the relative impact of the spray on arthropods we first examined the mean difference in abundance in each plot before and after spraying. All herbivores decreased in abundance in the sprayed plots but increased in the control plots after spray- ing. Most predators （excluding hemipterans） showed a decrease in the control plots but a proportionally greater decrease in the sprayed plots. Next we examined the corrected per- centage population reduction calculated using Abbott＇s formula. All predators （including Araneae） experienced a greater reduction （mean 87% 4- 3.54 SE） than herbivores （mean 56% -4- 4.37 SE） and Araneae alone （mean 71% 4- 8.12 SE）. The range in values across the plots varied and made categorising overall impact subjective for some taxa. Despite the constraints associated with small-plot trials, by using a combination of impact factors and examining community-level response across time, we did get some indication of the likely impact of this insecticide if used in a commercial situation.

关键词： conservation biological control integrated pest management pesticides predators spiders

Mutation of a Gene in the Fungus Leptosphaeria maculans Allows Increased Frequency of Penetration of Stomatal Apertures of Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2008年第3期1卷 471-481页

作者： Candace E. Elliott Harjono Barbara J. Howletta School of Botany The University of Melbourne Melbourne Vic 3010 Australia . Current address: Laboratory of Forest Protection Faculty of Forestry Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia 55281

Leptosphaeria maculans, a pathogen of Brassica napus, is unable to invade most wild-type accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana, although several mutants are susceptible. The infection pathway of L. maculans via a non-invasive inoculation method on A. thaliana Imsl （undefined）, pmr4-1 （defective in callose deposition）, and pen1-1 and pen2-1 （defective in non-host responses to several pathogens） mutants is described. On wild types Col-0 and Ler-0, hyphae are generally arrested at stomatal apertures. A T-DNA insertional mutant of L. maculans （A22） that penetrates stomatal apertures of Col-0 and Ler-0 five to seven times more often than the wild-type isolate is described. The higher penetration frequency of isolate A22 is associated with an increased hypersensitive response, which includes callose deposition. Com- plementation analysis showed that the phenotype of this isolate is due to T-DNA insertion in an intronless gene denoted as ipa （increased penetration on A rabidopsis）. This gene is predicted to encode a protein of 702 amino acids with best matches to hypothetical proteins in other filamentous ascomycetes. The ipa gene is expressed in the wild-type isolate at low levels in culture and during infection of A. thaliana and B. napus.

关键词： NONHOST RESISTANCE BRASSICA-NAPUS SECONDARY STRUCTURE DISEASE RESISTANCE SALICYLIC-ACID OILSEED RAPE

Overexpression of TaNAC69 Leads to Enhanced Transcript Levels of Stress Up-Regulated Genes and Dehydration Tolerance in Bread Wheat

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Molecular Plant 2011年第4期4卷 697-712页

作者： Gang-Ping Xue Heather M. Way Terese Richardson Janneke Drenth Priya A. Joyce C.Lynne Mclntyre CSIRO Plant Industry 306 Carmody Road St Lucia QLD 4067 Australia CSIRO Plant Industry GPO 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia BSES Limited 50 Meiers Road Indooroopilly QLD 4068 Australia

NAC proteins are plant-specific transcription factors and enriched with members involved in plant response to drought stress. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of TaNAC69 in bread wheat using Affymetrix Wheat Genome Array datasets and quantitative RT-PCR. TaNAC69 expression was positively associated with wheat responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses and was closely correlated with a number of stress up-regulated genes. The functional analyses of TaNAC69 in transgenic wheat showed that TaNAC69 driven by a barley drought-inducible HvDhn4s promoter led to marked drought-inducible overexpression of TaNAC69 in the leaves and roots of transgenic lines. The HvDhn4s：Ta- NAC69 transgenic lines produced more shoot biomass under combined mild salt stress and water-limitation conditions, had longer root and more root biomass under polyethylene glycol-induced dehydration. Analysis of transgenic lines with constitutive overexpression of TaNAC69 showed the enhanced expression levels of several stress up-regulated genes. DNA-binding assays revealed that TaNAC69 and its rice homolog （ONAC131） were capable of binding to the promoter elements of three rice genes （chitinase, ZlM, and glyoxalase I） and an Arabidopsis glyoxalase I family gene, which are homologs of TaNAC69 up-regulated stress genes. These data suggest that TaNAC69 is involved in regulating stress upregulated genes and wheat adaptation to drought stress.

关键词： NAC transcription factor gene regulation transgenic abiotic stress drought wheat.

Acute oral toxicity of zinc phosphide:an assessment for wild house mice(Mus musculus)

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 63-75页

作者： Lyn A.HINDS Steve HENRY Nikki VAN DE WEYER Freya ROBINSON Wendy A.RUSCOE Peter R.BROWN CSIRO Health&Biosecurity Clunies Ross StreetCanberraACTAustralia

Irregular plagues of house mice,Mus musculus,incur major economic impacts on agricultural production in *** efﬁcacy of zinc phosphide(ZnP),the only registered broadacre control agent for mice,is reported as increasingly *** mice become less sensitive over time or are they taking a sub-lethal dose and develop-ing aversion?In this laboratory study,the sensitivity of mice(wild caught;outbred laboratory strain)was assessed using oral gavage of a range of ZnP *** estimated LD50 values(72–79 mg ZnP/kg body weight)were similar for each mouse group but are signiﬁcantly higher than previously *** willingness of mice to consume ZnP-coated grains was ***-coated grains(50 g ZnP/kg grain)presented in the absence of alternative food were consumed and 94%of wild mice *** provided with alternative food and ZnP-coated wheat grains(either 25 or 50 g ZnP/kg grain)consumed toxic and non-toxic grains,and mortality was lower(33–55%).If a sublethal amount of ZnP-coated grain was consumed,aversion occurred,mostly when alternative food was *** sensitivity of wild house mice to ZnP in Australia is signiﬁcantly lower than previously *** laboratory conditions,ZnP-coated grains coated with a new higher dose(50 g ZnP/kg grain)were readily *** of toxic grain occurred when alternative food was available but was *** unambiguousﬁndings for house mice indicate a re-assessment of the ZnP loading for baits used for control of many rodents around the world may be warranted.

关键词： acute rodenticide aversion efﬁcacy LD50