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Intensive blood pressure control on arterial stiffness among older patients with hypertension

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chinese Medical Journal 2024年第9期137卷 1078-1087页

作者： Shuyuan Zhang Yixuan Zhong Shouling Wu Hailei Wu Jun Cai Weili Zhang On behalf of the STEP Study Group National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China Department of Cardiology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China Department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshanHebei 063000China Central China Subcenter of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Henan Cardiovascular Disease CenterFuwai Central-China Cardiovascular HospitalCentral China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450046China 不详

Background:Arterial stiffening increases with age and blood pressure and is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD),but the relationship between blood pressure lowering and arterial stiffening is still uncertain,especially in older *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of intensive blood pressure treatment on the progression of arterial stiffness and risk of CVD in older patients with ***:The Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients(STEP)trial was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial performed at 42 clinical centers throughout China,and 8511 patients aged 60-80 years with essential hypertension were enrolled and randomly assigned to systolic blood pressure(SBP)target of 110 mmHg to<130 mmHg(intensive treatment)or 130 mmHg to<150 mmHg(standard treatment).Patients underwent repeated examinations of the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and ankle-brachial index(ABI)at baseline,and the arterial stiffness was evaluated at the 3-year follow-up.A total of 5339 patients who had twice repeated measurements were included in this *** in arterial stiffness between the intensive and standard treatment groups were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression *** Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate the effect of intensive treatment on primary CVD ***:The changes in baPWV were 61.5 cm/s(95%confidence interval[CI]:49.8-73.2 cm/s)in the intensive treatment group and 98.4 cm/s(95%CI:86.7-110.1 cm/s)in the standard treatment group(P<0.001).Intensive treatment significantly delayed the progression of arterial stiffness,with an annual change of 23.1 cm·s^(-1)·year-1 vs.36.7 cm·s^(-1)·year^(-1)of baPWV in the intensive and standard treatment groups,*** a median follow-up period of 3.36 years,primary CVD outcomes occurred in 77(2.9%)patients in the intensive treatment group compared with 93(3.5%)in the standard treatment *** tre

关键词： Hypertension Arterial stiffness Cardiovascular disease Older people Blood pressure Pulse wave velocity

Mechanical behaviors of backfill-rock composites: Physical shear test and back-analysis

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 807-827页

作者： Jie Xin Quan Jiang Fengqiang Gong Lang Liu Chang Liu Qiang Liu Yao Yang Pengfei Chen State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China School of Civil Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Energy School Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710054China

The shear behavior of backfill-rock composites is crucial for mine safety and the management of surface *** exposing the shear failure mechanism of backfill-rock composites,we conducted shear tests on backfill-rock composites under three constant normal loads,compared with the unfilled *** investigate the macro-and meso-failure characteristics of the samples in the shear tests,the cracking behavior of samples was recorded by a high-speed camera and acoustic emission *** parallel with the experimental test,the numerical models of backfill-rock composites and unfilled rock were established using the discrete element method to analyze the continuous-discontinuous shearing *** on the damage mechanics and statistics,a novel shear constitutive model was proposed to describe mechanical *** results show that backfill-rock composites had a special bimodal phenomenon of shearing load-deformation curve,*** first shearing peak corresponded to rock break and the second shearing peak induced by the broken of aeolian sand-cement/fly ash paste ***,the shearing characteristic curves of the backfill-rock composites could be roughly divided into four stages,*** shear failure of the specimens experienced:stage I:stress concentration;stage II:crack propagation;stage III:crack coalescence;stage IV:shearing *** numerical simulation shows that the existence of aeolian sand-cement/fly ash paste backfill inevitably altered the coalescence type and failure mode of the specimens and had a strengthening effect on the shear strength of backfillrock *** on damage mechanics and statistics,a shear constitutive model was proposed to describe the shear fracture characteristics of specimens,especially the bimodal ***,the micro-and meso-mechanisms of shear failure were discussed by combining the micro-test and numerical *** research can advance the better understanding of the shear behavior of

关键词： Physical simulation Backfill-rock composites Shear failure Cracking Shear constitutive model

Nutrient transport following water transfer through the world's largest water diversion channel

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第1期135卷 703-714页

作者： Yuanhui Cheng Hong Zhang Wei Yin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085 China Changjiang Water Resources Protection Institute Wuhan 430051China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Nutrient levels in the artificial channel constructed for the Middle Route Project are significant indicators of water quality safety and aquatic ecological integrity for this large,interbasin ***,the distribution and transport of nutrients along the channel were poorly *** on a time-series dataset as well as mass balance and material flow analysis methods,the water and nutrient transport fluxes in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were identified in this *** results indicate that the nutrient concentrations varied considerably with time,but there was no significant difference among the 30 stations of the main *** temperature difference was the major factor in the large fluctuations of water quality indicators over *** nutrient loadings varied with the water volume outputs from the main channel to the waterreceiving *** deposition was an important source of nutrients in the main channel,accounting for 9.13%,20.6%,and 0.635%of the nitrogen,phosphorus,and sulfur input from the Danjiangkou Reservoir,*** 2021,a net accumulation of 988 tons of N,29 tons of P,and 2,540 tons of S,respectively,were present in the main *** increase of these external and internal nutrient loadings would cause water quality fluctuation and deterioration in some local sections of the main *** study quantified the spatial and temporal patterns of nutrient transport in the Middle Route and revealed the ecological effects on the aquatic environment,assisting authorities on the project to develop effective water conservation strategies.

关键词： Nutrient transport Spatiotemporal patterns The Middle Route The South-to-North Diversion Project Hydro-ecological effects Water-receiving cities

Coherent optical frequency transfer via 972-km fiber link

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chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 277-282页

作者：邓雪张翔臧琦焦东东王丹刘杰高静许冠军董瑞芳刘涛张首刚 National Time Service Centre Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710600China Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Application Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710600China School of Communications and Information Engineering and School of Artificial Intelligence Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121Chin

We demonstrate coherent optical frequency dissemination over a distance of 972 km by cascading two spans where the phase noise is passively compensated *** of employing a phase discriminator and a phase locking loop in the conventional active phase control scheme,the passive phase noise cancellation is realized by feeding double-trip beat-note frequency to the driver of the acoustic optical modulator at the local *** passive scheme exhibits fine robustness and reliability,making it suitable for long-distance and noisy fiber *** optical regeneration station is used in the link for signal amplification and cascaded *** phase noise cancellation and transfer instability of the 972-km link is investigated,and transfer instability of 1.1×10^(-19)at 10^(4)s is *** work provides a promising method for realizing optical frequency distribution over thousands of kilometers by using fiber links.

关键词： optical frequency transfer fiber link phase noise cancellation

Metallurgical performance evaluation of space-weathered Chang’e-5 lunar soil

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1241-1248页

作者： Chen Li Wenhui Ma Yang Li Kuixian Wei Center for Lunar and Planetary sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

Space metallurgy is an interdisciplinary field that combines planetary space science and metallurgical *** involves systematic and theoretical engineering technology for utilizing planetary resources in ***,space metallurgy on the Moon is challenging because the lunar surface has experienced space weathering due to the lack of atmosphere and magnetic field,making the mi-crostructure of lunar soil differ from that of minerals on the *** this study,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed on Chang’e-5 powder lunar soil *** microstructural characteristics of the lunar soil may drastically change its metallurgical *** main special structure of lunar soil minerals include the nanophase iron formed by the impact of micrometeorites,the amorphous layer caused by solar wind injection,and radiation tracks modified by high-energy particle rays inside mineral *** nanophase iron presents a wide distribution,which may have a great impact on the electromagnetic prop-erties of lunar *** ions injected by solar wind may promote the hydrogen reduction *** widely distributed amorph-ous layer and impact glass can promote the melting and diffusion process of lunar ***,although high-energy events on the lun-ar surface transform the lunar soil,they also increase the chemical activity of the lunar *** is a property that earth samples and tradi-tional simulated lunar soil *** application of space metallurgy requires comprehensive consideration of the unique physical and chemical properties of lunar soil.

关键词： space metallurgy Chang’e-5 lunar soil space weathering metallurgical performance

Oncogenic β-catenin-driven liver cancer is susceptible to methotrexate-mediated disruption of nucleotide synthesis

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chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 181-189页

作者： Fangming Liu Yuting Wu Baohui Zhang Shuhui Yang Kezhuo Shang Jie Li Pengju Zhang Weiwei Deng Linlin Chen Liang Zheng Xiaochen Gai Hongbing Zhang Department of Physiology State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Physiology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicineGraduate School of Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100005China Department of Physiology School of Life ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110122China School of Life sciences Westlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310024China Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of HealthInstitute of Pediatric Translational MedicineShanghai Children’s Medical CenterShanghai Jiao Tong School of MedicineShanghai 200127China

Background:Liver cancer is largely resistant to *** study aimed to identify the effective chemotherapeutics forβ-catenin-activated liver cancer which is caused by gain-of-function mutation of catenin beta 1(CTNNB1),the most frequently altered proto-oncogene in hepatic ***:Constitutiveβ-catenin-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts(MEFs)were established by deleting exon 3(β-catenin^(Δ(ex3)/+)),the most common mutation site in CTNNB1 gene.A screening of 12 widely used chemotherapy drugs was conducted for the ones that selectively inhibitedβ-catenin^(Δ(ex3)/+)but not for wild-type *** metabolomics was carried out to examine the alterations of metabolites in nucleotide *** efficacy and selectivity of methotrexate(MTX)onβ-catenin-activated human liver cancer cells were determined in ***-deficient nude mice subcutaneously inoculated withβ-catenin wild-type or mutant liver cancer cells and hepatitis B virus(HBV);β-catenin^(lox(ex3)/+)mice were used,respectively,to evaluate the efficacy of MTX in the treatment ofβ-catenin mutant liver ***:MTX was identified and validated as a preferential agent against the proliferation and tumor formation ofβ-catenin-activated *** nucleotide synthesis was the major metabolic aberration inβ-catenin-active cells,and this alteration was also the target of ***,MTX abrogated hepatocarcinogenesis of HBV;β-catenin^(lox(ex3)/+)mice,which stimulated concurrent Ctnnb1-activated mutation and HBV infection in liver ***:MTX is a promising chemotherapeutic agent forβ-catenin hyperactive liver *** repurposing MTX has the advantages of lower risk,shorter timelines,and less investment in drug discovery and development,a clinical trial is warranted to test its efficacy in the treatment ofβ-catenin mutant liver cancer.

关键词： Liver cancer β-catenin Methotrexate Nucleotide synthesis Chemotherapy

Hepatitis B virus core protein as a Rab-GAP suppressor driving liver disease progression

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2580-2595页

作者： Yu Su Fan Bu Yuanfei Zhu Le Yang Qiong Wu Yuan Zheng Jianjin Zhao Lin Yu Nan Jiang Yongxiang Wang Jian Wu Youhua Xie Xinxin Zhang Yueqiu Gao Ke Lan Qiang Deng Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology(MOE/NHC/CAMS) School of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Infectious Diseases Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Laboratory of Cellular Immunity Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of Virology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection can lead to advanced liver ***,we establish a transgenic murine model expressing a basic core promoter(BCP)-mutated HBV *** previous studies on the wild-type virus,the BCP-mutated HBV transgenic mice manifest chronic liver injury that culminates in cirrhosis and tumor development with ***,agonistic anti-Fas treatment induces fulminant hepatitis in these mice even at a negligible *** the BCP mutant exhibits a striking increase in HBV core protein(HBc)expression,we posit that HBc is actively involved in hepatocellular ***,HBc interferes with Fis1-stimulated mitochondrial recruitment of Tre-2/Bub2/Cdc16 domain family member 15(TBC1D15).HBc may also inhibit multiple Rab GTPase-activating proteins,including Rab7-specific TBC1D15 and TBC1D5,by binding to their conserved catalytic *** cells under mitochondrial stress,HBc thus perturbs mitochondrial dynamics and prevents the recycling of damaged ***,sustained HBc expression causes lysosomal consumption via Rab7 hyperactivation,which further hampers late-stage autophagy and substantially increases apoptotic cell ***,we show that adenovirally expressed HBc in a mouse model is directly cytopathic and causes profound liver injury,independent of antigen-specific immune *** findings reveal an unexpected cytopathic role of HBc,making it a pivotal target for HBV-associated liver disease *** BCP-mutated HBV transgenic mice also provide a valuable model for understanding chronic hepatitis B progression and for the assessment of therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Apoptosis Basic core promoter Mitophagy Rab7 Transgenic mice

Portable spirometer-based pulmonary function test willingness in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study from the "Happy Breathing Program"

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第14期137卷 1695-1704页

作者： Qi Weiran Huang Ke Chen Qiushi Jiao Lirui Yu Fengyun Yu Yiwen Niu Hongtao Li Wei Fang Fang Lei Jieping Chu Xu Li Zilin Geldsetzer Pascal B?rnighausen Till Chen Simiao Yang Ting Wang Chen Department of Health Economics and Health Policy School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine National Center for Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Center of Respiratory Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China The Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Department of Health Policy and Management Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Administration Office of Medical Reform and Development China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Data and Project Management Unit Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China Department of Statistics School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Stanford University School of Medicine San Francisco CA USA Division of Primary Care and Population Health Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

Background: Understanding willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the factors associated with poor uptake of PFTs is crucial for improving early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to understand willingness to undergo PFTs among high-risk populations and identify any barriers that may contribute to low uptake of ***: We collected data from participants in the "Happy Breathing Program" in China. Participants who did not follow physicians’ recommendations to undergo PFTs were invited to complete a survey regarding their willingness to undergo PFTs and their reasons for not undergoing PFTs. We estimated the proportion of participants who were willing to undergo PFTs and examined the various reasons for participants to not undergo PFTs. We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the impact of individual-level factors on willingness to undergo ***: A total of 8475 participants who had completed the survey on willingness to undergo PFTs were included in this study. Out of these participants, 7660 (90.4%) were willing to undergo PFTs. Among those who were willing to undergo PFTs but actually did not, the main reasons for not doing so were geographical inaccessibility (n = 3304, 43.1%) and a lack of trust in primary healthcare institutions (n = 2809, 36.7%). Among the 815 participants who were unwilling to undergo PFTs, over half (n = 447, 54.8%) believed that they did not have health problems and would only consider PFTs when they felt unwell. In the multivariable regression, individuals who were ≤54 years old, residing in rural townships, with a secondary educational level, with medical reimbursement, still working, with occupational exposure to dust, and aware of the abbreviation "COPD" were more willing to undergo ***: Willingness to undergo PFTs was high among high-risk populations. Policymakers may consider implementing strategies suc

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pulmonary function tests Willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests Population medicine

NνDEx-100 conceptual design report

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 18-33页

作者： Xi-Guang Cao Yan-Long Chang Kai Chen Emilio Ciuffoli Li-Min Duan Dong-Liang Fang Chao-Song Gao Surja K.Ghorui Peng-Chong Hu Qiang Hu Si-Yuan Huang Ze-Yu Huang Lei Lang Yu-Lan Li Zhi-Jie Li Tian-Yu Liang Jun Liu Chen-Gui Lu Fa-Tai Mai Yuan Mei Hao Qiu Xiang-Ming Sun Xiao-Xing Tang Hu-Lin Wang Qian-Ming Wang Le Xiao Mu-Yun Xiao Jian-Yu Xin Nu Xu Peng Yang Yi-Chen Yang Zhen Yang Zong-Yang Yu Dong-Liang Zhang Jun-Wei Zhang Cheng-Xin Zhao Dou Zhu NνDEx-100 collaboration Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720USA North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou 450045China 不详

Observing nuclear neutrinoless double beta (0vββ) decay would be a revolutionary result in particle *** such a decay would prove that the neutrinos are their own antiparticles,help to study the absolute mass of neutrinos,explore the origin of their mass,and may explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe by lepton number *** propose developing a time projection chamber (TPC) using high-pressure ^(82)SeF_(6) gas and Topmetal silicon sensors for readout in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of82Se,called the NvDEx *** being located at CJPL with the world’s thickest rock shielding,NvDEx combines the advantages of the high Qββ(2.996 MeV) of82Se and the TPC’s ability to distinguish signal and background events using their different topological *** makes NvDEx unique,with great potential for low-background and high-sensitivity 0 vββ***-100,a NvDEx experiment phase with 100 kg of SeF_(6)gas,is being built,with plans to complete installation at CJPL by *** report introduces 0 vββ physics,the NvDEx concept and its advantages,and the schematic design of NvDEx-100,its subsystems,and background and sensitivity estimation.

关键词： Neutrinoless double beta decay Time projection chamber ^(82)SeF_(6) China Jinping Underground Laboratory