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Non-sea-salt sulfate in the marine boundary layer and its possible impact on chloride depletion

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第6期24卷 162-171页

作者： Cole-Dai Jihong Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Box 2202 Shepard Hall South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA

Aerosol samples were collected on board the research vessel Xuelong duringthe Fifteenth chinese antarctic Research expedition (CHINARE XV) in November 1998—April 1999 andthe First chinese Arctic Research expedition in July—September *** areas traversed by theexpeditionary cruises include the Arctic Ocean, the western North Pacific Ocean and the easternIndian Ocean, covering 75°N—69°S and 75°E—133°W. Aerosol samples were also taken at thechinese Zhongshan Station in East antarctica during the CHINARE XV. Analysis of the samples yieldedconcentrations of non-sea-salt sulfate and other soluble chemical species in the marine boundarylayer. The data suggest that the chemical composition of the marine aerosols is influenced by threemajor sources: continental air masses, primary oceanic emissions, and secondary marine aerosolsoriginated from oceanic *** results show that, awing to strong anthropogenic sulfuremissions from the Asian continent, non-sea-salt sulfate concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere(the western North Pacific) marine aerosol are significantly higher than those in the SouthernHemisphere (the eastern Indian Ocean). Aerosol non-sea-salt sulfate concentrations appear to beinversely correlated with aerosol non-sea-salt chloride which shows significantly negative values,indicating the loss of chloride by sea salts, in most aerosol samples. Since gaseous HCl may beinvolved in chemical reactions that deplete atmospheric ozone in the marine boundary layer (MBL),high levels of acidic non-sea-salt-sulfate released by human activities in the low and mid-latitudesof the Northern Hemisphere may become an important potential contributor to the loss of atmosphericozone in the MBL.

关键词： non-sea-salt sulfate marine boundary layer chloride depletion

Observed features of stable surface seawater isotopes across the Pacific, Indian and Southern oceans

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第10期43卷 33-39页

作者： Xuemei Wu Weijun Sun Biao Tian Baojuan Huai Zhiheng Du Minghu Ding College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

The marine hydrological process is still unclear due to scarce *** on stable water isotopes in surface seawater along the 33rd chinese national antarctic science expedition from November 2016 to April 2017,this study explored the hydrological processes in the Pacific,Indian and Southern *** results show that the Northwest Pacific(0°–26°N)is a region with strong evaporation(theδ18O-δD slope is 6.58),while the southern Indian Ocean is a region with strong precipitation(theδ18O-δD slope is 9.57).The influence of continental runoff and water mass mixing reduces the correlation betweenδ18O and salinity in the eastern Indian *** characteristics of the isotopes and hydrological parameters indicate that the Agulhas Front and sub-Tropical Convergence do not merge in the antarctic–Indian Ocean *** freezing of sea ice near the antarctic continent decreases theδ18O andδD by 0.40‰and 7.0‰,respectively,compared with those near 67°*** study is helpful for understanding marine hydrological processes and promoting the understanding and research of the nature of ocean responses in the context of climate change.

关键词： spatial variability surface seawater isotopes δ18O-salinity relation water mass fronts

Rapid decrease in antarctic sea ice in recent years

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第7期40卷 119-128页

作者： Guanghua Hao Hui Shen Yongming Sun Chunhua Li Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography College of Oceanic and Atmospheric SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Pilot national Laboratory for Marine science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China

A 41-year antarctic sea ice concentration(SIC)dataset derived from satellite passive microwave radiometers during the period of 1979–2019 has been used to analyze sea ice changes in recent *** trends of SIC and sea ice extent(SIE)are calculated during the periods of 1979–2019,1979–2013,and 2014–*** trends show regionally dependent *** SIC shows an increasing trend in most of the regions except the Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea(BA)during 1979–2019 and 1979–*** SIE trend shows a decreasing or decelerating trend in the period of 1979–2019((6835±2210)km^(2)/a)compared with the 1979–2013 period((18600±2203)km^(2)/a).In recent years(2014–2019),the SIC and SIE have exhibited decreasing trends(–(34567±3521)km^(2)/month),especially in the Weddell Sea(WS)and Ross Sea(RS)during summer and *** trends are related to regionally dependent *** analyses show that the SIC and SIE decreased in response to the warming trend of 2 m air temperature(T_(a-2m))and have exhibited a good relationship with T_(a-2m) in summer and autumn in recent *** sea ice decrease in the antarctic is mainly caused by increases in absorbed energy and southward energy transportation in recent years,such as the increase in gained solar radiation and moist static energy from the south,which demonstrate notable regional *** the WS region,the local positive feedback from the additional absorbed solar radiation,resulting in warmer air and reduced sea ice,is the main reason for the sea ice decrease in recent *** increase in southward energy transport has also favored a decrease in sea *** the RS region,the increase in southward-transported moist static energy has contributed to the decrease in sea ice,and the increases in cloud cover and longwave radiation have prevented sea ice growth.

关键词： sea ice antarctic decreasing atmosphere

Atmospheric mercury over the marine boundary layer observed during the third China Arctic Research expedition

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2011年第9期23卷 1424-1430页

作者： Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Institute of Polar Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

TGM measurements on board ships have proved to provide valuable complementary information to measurements by a ground based monitoring *** the third China Arctic Research expedition （from July 11 to September 24,2008）,TGM concentrations over the marine boundary layer along the cruise path were in-situ measured using an automatic mercury vapor *** we firstly reported the results in Japan Sea,North Western Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea,where there are rare *** value ranged between 0.30 and 6.02 ng/m 3 with an average of （1.52 ± 0.68） ng/m 3 ,being slightly lower than the background value of Northern Hemisphere （1.7 ng/m 3 ）.Notably TGM showed considerably spatial and temporal ***,the average value of TGM in Bering Sea was higher than those observed in Japan Sea and North Western Pacific *** the north of Japan Sea TGM levels were found to be lower than 0.5 ng/m 3 during forward cruise and displayed obviously diurnal cycle,indicating potential oxidation of gaseous mercury in the *** pronounced episode was recorded as *** levels of TGM were observed in the coastal regions of southern Japan Sea during backward cruise due primarily to air masses transported from the adjacent mainland reflecting the contribution from anthropogenic *** ship returned back and passed through Kamchatka Peninsula TGM increased by the potential contamination from volcano emissions.

关键词： total gaseous mercury atmosphere marine boundary layer Japan Sea North Western Pacific Ocean Bering Sea

Upper limits for chlorophyll a changes with brine volume in sea ice during the austral spring in the Weddell Sea,antarctica

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第2期35卷 68-75页

作者： LI Zhijun LI Runling WANG Zipan HAAS Christian DIECKMANN Gerhard State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Department of Earth and Space science and Engineering York University Toronto M3J1P3 Canada Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven D-27570 Germany

During the winter and spring of 2006, we investigated the sea ice physics and marine biology in the northwest Weddell Sea, antarctica aboard R/V Polarstern. We determined the texture of each ice core and 71 ice crystal thin sections from 27 ice cores. We analyzed 393 ice cores, their temperatures, 348 block density and salinity samples,and 311 chlorophyll a（Chl a） and phaeophytin samples along the cruise route during the investigation. Based on the vertical distributions of 302 groups of data for the ice porosity and Chl a content in the ice at the same position, we obtained new evidence that ice physical parameters influence the Chl a content in ice. We collected snow and ice thickness data, and established the effects of the snow and ice thickness on the Chl a blooms under the ice, as well as the relationships between the activity of ice algae cells and the brine volume in ice according to the principle of environmental control of the ecological balance. We determined the upper limits for Chl a in the brine volume of granular and columnar ice in the antarctica, thereby demonstrating the effects of ice crystals on brine drainage, and the contributions of the physical properties of sea ice to Chl a blooms near the ice bottom and on the ice-water interface in the austral spring. Moreover, we found that the physical properties of sea ice affect ice algae and they are key control elements that modulate marine phytoplankton blooms in the ice-covered waters around antarctica.

关键词： antarctic brine volume chlorophyll a ice crystal mode sea ice

High-accuracy topographical information extraction based on fusion of ASTER stereo-data and ICESat/GLAS data in antarctica

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science China Earth sciences 2009年第5期52卷 714-722页

作者： E DongChen1,3,SHEN Qiang2,XU Ying1,3 & CHEN Gang4 1 chinese antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 2 Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,China 3 Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping,State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 4 Department of Geography,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta T2N 1N4,Canada chinese antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan University Wuhan China Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan University Wuhan China Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration Wuhan China Department of Geography University of Calgary Calgary Canada

In order to better support antarctic inland ice sheet expedition from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,the topographic data are *** present,although the entire antarctic DEM provided by RAMP(Ra-darsat antarctic Mapping Project) was estimated at the highest horizontal(spatial) resolution of about 200 m,the real horizontal resolution of the DEM varies from place to place depending on the density and scale of the original source *** ice shelves and the inland ice sheet,the horizontal resolution is about 5 km;the vertical accuracy is estimated to be ±50 m in interior East antarctic ice sheet and away from the mountain ***,more accurate topographic data are unavailable in *** order to meet the requirements of high-accuracy topographic information for further researches,this paper mainly addresses a fusion study of ASTER stereo pairs and ICESat/GLAS altimetry data for extraction of high-accuracy DEM in East antarctica,based on the high horizontal resolution(15 m) of ASTER and vertical accuracy(13.8 cm) of ICESat/***,some altimetry data were selected as vertical control points to reduce errors of image correlation matching during the extraction of ASTER-based ***,ice sheet altimetry data derived from ICESat were used to generate DEM ranging from 75° to 81°S because existing ASTER data do not cover this area and high density of the coverage of ICESat altimetry ***,the DEM in coverage of the expedition route was *** analysis of result reveals that the DEM accuracy is improved *** absolute vertical accuracy of DEM is higher than 15 m in some cases and higher than 30 m for all the areas along the expedition route except from the 009-001 scene;the interior accuracy is higher than 15 m and higher than 7 m in some *** can meet the requirements of topographic map at 1:50000 scale,which is an economic and advantageous method to produce the topographic products.

关键词： DEM antarctica Zhongshan Station Dome A ASTER ICESat GLAS

Molecular genetic diversity of bacteria in the bottom section of arctic sea ice from the Canada Basin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第6期24卷 153-161页

作者： LI Huirong YU Yong CHEN Bo ZENG Yinxin REN Daming State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Polar science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of GeneticsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

PCR-DGGE approach was used to analyze bacterial diversity in the bottomsection of seven arctic sea ice samples colleted from the Canada ***-two 16S rDNAsequences were obtained from prominent DGGE *** closest relatives of these sequences arefound to be those of cultivated or uncultured bacteria from antarctic or arctic sea *** analysis clustered these sequences or phylotypes withinα-proteobacteria,γ-proteobacteria and CFB(cytophaga-flexibacter-bacteroides)*** belonging toγ-proteobacteria were dominant and members of the CFB group were highly *** was suggestedthat the CFB group was the representative of the bottom section of sea ice samples.

关键词： sea ice arctic ocean bacteria 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis

Characterization of the summer pack ice biotic community of Canada Basin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第6期24卷 80-87页

作者： HE Jianfeng CAI Minghong JIANG Xiaodong CHEN Bo YU Yong State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Polar science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China

Summer pack ice biotic community of the Canada Basin was characterized duringthe Second chinese national Arctic Research expedition(CHINARE-2003,20 August—5 September 2003).Bacteria,ice algae(diatoms and autotrophic flagellates)and protozoa(mainly heterotrophicflagellates)were observed throughout the whole ice *** vertical distribution of biotic taxavaried among *** integrated biomass ranged from 48.4 and 58.1 mg/m^(2),with an average of55.2 mg/m^(2).Bacteria were the dominant of the assemblage in pack ice,accounted for 84.1%of theintegrated,and ice algae,which usually dominate the ice biotic community,constituted only 3.5%ofthe *** the quick environmental changes of the Arctic Ocean in recent years,wesuggested that quick melting of pack ice in summer was suggested,which caused such change of packice biotic *** low salinity throughout the whole ice column and the continuous melting ofthe pack ice cumbered the formation of ice algae bloom in summer,finally resulting in thedominance of microbial food web with bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates as the most *** the high ratio of pack ice primary production to the total found inprevious studies,the quick change of pack ice community structure in summer would deeply influencethe marine ecosystem of the high Arctic Ocean.

关键词： arctic ocean canada basin pack ice community

A 780-year record of explosive volcanism from DT263 ice core in east antarctica

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chinese science Bulletin 2006年第22期51卷 2771-2780页

作者： ZHOU-Liya LI Yuansheng Jihong Cole-dai TAN Dejun SUN Bo REN Jiawen WEI Lijia WANG Henian State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai200129 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry South Dakota State Uniersity Brookings SD 57007 USA Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment CAREERIChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

从极的冰表恢复的冰核心从爆炸暴烈的爆发收到了并且保存硫磺的酸放射性尘埃， DT263 冰核心从东方 antarcticlocation 被检索。冰核心用年度层作为 780 年(1215-1996 A.D ) 数和暴烈的 timestratigraphic 地平线的联合被标明日期。冰... 详细信息

从极的冰表恢复的冰核心从爆炸暴烈的爆发收到了并且保存硫磺的酸放射性尘埃， DT263 冰核心从东方 antarcticlocation 被检索。冰核心用年度层作为 780 年(1215-1996 A.D ) 数和暴烈的 timestratigraphic 地平线的联合被标明日期。冰核心记录在约 1460 的时期期间表明那 - 1800 A.D，累积是比层次在以前并且在这个时期以后严厉地低的。这个时期与最近的 neoglacial 与气候的事件一致，“很少冰川期(LIA ) ”，那在众多的北半球代理和历史性的记录被发现了。non-sea-salt SO_2 集中在 DT263ice 核心显示十七个暴烈的事件。与那些相比从以前的南极冰核心，重要差异在几个著名事件的相对暴烈的流动在这些记录之间被发现。在这些记录之中的差异可以被差别在在冰核心上加亮本地冰河学的潜在的影响的表面地形学，累积率，雪飘移和分发解释暴烈的记录，分析技术为硫酸盐测量使用了，等等。在中间、高的南部的纬度的暴烈的爆发在低纬度比那些更强烈地在南极雪中影响暴烈的记录。

关键词：南极洲东部冰冻核火山爆发硫磺酸