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Spatiotemporal variation of land surface temperature and its driving factors in xinjiang,China

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 373-395页

作者： ZHANG Mingyu CAO Yu ZHANG Zhengyong ZHANG Xueying LIU Lin CHEN Hongjin GAO Yu YU Fengchen LIU Xinyi College of Sciences Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000China Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology Xinjiang Production and Construction CorpsShihezi 832000China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China

Land surface temperature(LST) directly affects the energy balance of terrestrial surface systems and impacts regional resources, ecosystem evolution, and ecosystem structures. xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is located at the arid Northwest China and is extremely sensitive to climate change. There is an urgent need to understand the distribution patterns of LST in this area and quantitatively measure the nature and intensity of the impacts of the major driving factors from a spatial perspective, as well as elucidate the formation mechanisms. In this study, we used the MOD11C3 LST product developed on the basis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) to conduct regression analysis and determine the spatiotemporal variation and differentiation pattern of LST in xinjiang from 2000 to 2020. We analyzed the driving mechanisms of spatial heterogeneity of LST in xinjiang and the six geomorphic zones(the Altay Mountains, Junggar Basin, Tianshan Mountains, Tarim Basin, Turpan-Hami(Tuha) Basin, and Pakakuna Mountain Group) using geographical detector(Geodetector) and geographically weighted regression(GWR) models. The warming rate of LST in xinjiang during the study period was 0.24℃/10a, and the spatial distribution pattern of LST had obvious topographic imprints, with 87.20% of the warming zone located in the Gobi desert and areas with frequent human activities, and the cooling zone mainly located in the mountainous areas. The seasonal LST in xinjiang was at a cooling rate of 0.09℃/10a in autumn, and showed a warming trend in other seasons. Digital elevation model(DEM), latitude, wind speed, precipitation, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI), and sunshine duration in the single-factor and interactive detections were the key factors driving the LST changes. The direction and intensity of each major driving factor on the spatial variations of LST in the study area were heterogeneous. The negative feedback effect of DEM on the spatial differentiation o

关键词： land surface temperature MOD11C3 climate change geographical detector(Geodetector) geographically weighted regression(GWR) source-sink effect xinjiang

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Temporal and spatial responses of ecological resilience to climate change and human activities in the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第10期15卷 1245-1268页

作者： ZHANG Shubao LEI Jun TONG Yanjun ZHANG Xiaolei LU Danni FAN Liqin DUAN Zuliang State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In the Anthropocene era,human activities have become increasingly complex and *** natural ecosystems need higher ecological resilience to ensure regional sustainable development due to rapid urbanization and industrialization as well as other intensified human activities,especially in arid and semi-arid *** the study,we chose the economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(EBNSTM)in xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as a case *** collecting geographic data and statistical data from 2010 and 2020,we constructed an ecological resilience assessment model based on the ecosystem habitat quality(EHQ),ecosystem landscape stability(ELS),and ecosystem service value(ESV).Further,we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ecological resilience in the EBNSTM from 2010 to 2020 by spatial autocorrelation analysis,and explored its responses to climate change and human activities using the geographically weighted regression(GWR)*** results showed that the ecological resilience of the EBNSTM was at a low level and increased from 0.2732 to 0.2773 during 2010–*** spatial autocorrelation analysis of ecological resilience exhibited a spatial heterogeneity characteristic of"high in the western region and low in the eastern region",and the spatial clustering trend was enhanced during the study ***,Gobi and rapidly urbanized areas showed low level of ecological resilience,and oasis and mountain areas exhibited high level of ecological *** factors had an important impact on ecological ***,average annual temperature and annual precipitation were the key climate factors that improved ecological resilience,while average annual evapotranspiration was the main factor that blocked ecological *** the human activity factors,the distance from the main road showed a negative correlation with ecological *** night light index and PM2.5 concentration wer

关键词： ecological resilience ecosystem habitat quality ecosystem landscape stability ecosystem service value spatial autocorrelation analysis geographically weighted regression model economic belt on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains

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A Deep Learning Application for Building Damage Assessment Using Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery in Turkey Earthquake

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第6期14卷 947-962页

作者： Haobin Xia Jianjun Wu Jiaqi Yao Hong Zhu Adu Gong Jianhua Yang Liuru Hu Fan Mo Academy of Ecological Civilization Development for JingJin-Ji Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Ecology and Environment Institute of Disaster PreventionLangfang 065201China Dpto.de Ingeniería Civil Escuela Politécnica Superior de AlicanteUniversidad de AlicanteE-03080 AlicanteSpain Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100048China

Rapid building damage assessment following an earthquake is important for humanitarian relief and disaster emergency *** February 2023,two magnitude-7.8 earthquakes struck Turkey in quick succession,impacting over 30 major cities across nearly 300 km.A quick and comprehensive understanding of the distribution of building damage is essential for e fficiently deploying rescue forces during critical rescue *** article presents the training of a two-stage convolutional neural network called BDANet that integrated image features captured before and after the disaster to evaluate the extent of building damage in *** on high-resolution remote sensing data from WorldView2,BDANet used predisaster imagery to extract building outlines;the image features before and after the disaster were then combined to conduct building damage *** optimized these results to improve the accuracy of building edges and analyzed the damage to each building,and used population distribution information to estimate the population count and urgency of rescue at different disaster *** results indicate that the building area in the Islahiye region was 156.92 ha,with an affected area of 26.60 *** damaged buildings accounted for 15.67%of the total building area in the affected *** population distribution data indicated approximately 253,297,and 1,246 people in the collapsed,severely damaged,and lightly damaged areas,*** verification showed that the BDANet model exhibited good performance in handling high-resolution images and can be used to directly assess building damage and provide rapid information for rescue operations in future disasters using model weights.

关键词： BDANet Building damage assessment Deep learning Disaster assessment Emergency rescue Ultra-high-resolution remote sensing

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Spatiotemporal evolution and future simulation of land use/land cover in the Turpan-Hami Basin,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第10期16卷 1303-1326页

作者： CHEN Yiyang ZHANG Li YAN Min WU Yin DONG Yuqi SHAO Wei ZHANG Qinglan Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100094China International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094China xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Resources Planning and Research Institute Urumqi 830011China School of Geomatics and Marine Information Jiangsu Ocean UniversityLianyungang 222001China College of Geomatics and Geoinformation Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

The Turpan-Hami(Tuha)Basin in xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China,holds significant strategic importance as a key economic artery of the ancient Silk Road and the Belt and Road Initiative,necessitating a holistic understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of land use/land cover(LULC)to foster sustainable planning that is tailored to the region's unique resource ***,existing LULC classification methods demonstrate inadequate accuracy,hindering effective regional *** this study,we established a two-level LULC classification system(8 primary types and 22 secondary types)for the Tuha *** employing Landsat 5/7/8 imagery at 5-a intervals,we developed the LULC dataset of the Tuha Basin from 1990 to 2020,conducted the accuracy assessment and spatiotemporal evolution analysis,and simulated the future LULC under various scenarios via the Markov-Future Land Use Simulation(Markov-FLUS)*** results revealed that the average overall accuracy values of our LULC dataset were 0.917 and 0.864 for the primary types and secondary types,*** with the seven mainstream LULC products(GlobeLand30,Global 30-meter Land Cover with Fine Classification System(GLC_FCS30),Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring of Global Land Cover PLUS(FROM_GLC PLUS),ESA Global Land Cover(ESA_LC),Esri Land Cover(ESRI_LC),China Multi-Period Land Use Land Cover Change Remote Sensing Monitoring Dataset(CNLUCC),and China Annual Land Cover Dataset(CLCD))in 2020,our LULC data exhibited dramatically elevated overall accuracy and provided more precise delineations for land features,thereby yielding high-quality data backups for land resource analyses within the *** 2020,unused land(78.0%of the study area)and grassland(18.6%)were the dominant LULC types of the basin;although cropland and construction land constituted less than 1.0%of the total area,they played a vital role in arid land development and primarily situated within oases that form the urban co

关键词： land use/land cover(LULC) future simulation manual interpretation Markov-Future Land Use Simulation(Markov-FLUS)model Turpan-Hami(Tuha)Basin xinjiang

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Antelope adaptations to counteract overheating and water deficit in arid environments

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第10期14卷 1069-1085页

作者： David BLANK LI Yaoming Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia BishkekKyrgyzstan State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Many arid areas have very severe climates with extremely high summer temperatures,strong solar radiation,and a lack of drinking water during the driest ***,antelopes living in arid areas are forced to solve two main problems:avoiding overheating and maintaining water ***,there are physiological,morphological,and behavioral mechanisms for antelope adaptations to arid *** the mechanisms,behavioral adjustments have a minimal cost and are activated first,while physiological mechanisms are the most energetically costly and involve adaptations to high temperatures when other mechanisms are *** previous publications,some examples of the antelope behavioral adaptations have been described only rarely,while in this review,we try to clarify all available information on the adaptations of antelopes living in arid areas to their native environments,paying particular attention to behavioral *** mechanisms,especially daily activity,diet and microclimate selection,and migrations,are so important and commonly used by antelopes in natural conditions,in which physiological mechanisms are usually not *** adjust their behaviors according to environmental changes so successfully that purely physiological mechanisms are discovered under laboratory conditions;for example,adaptive heterothermia or selective brain cooling phenomenon is difficult to observe in their natural *** review provides a better understanding of the main behavioral mechanisms of antelope adaptations to arid environments and allows for the identification of the key factors for successful conservation of antelopes in their natural habitats.

关键词： antelopes desert antelopes behavioral mechanisms drinking water water loss behaviors arid environments

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Effects of temperature and precipitation on drought trends in xinjiang, China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第8期16卷 1098-1117页

作者： YANG Jianhua LI Yaqian ZHOU Lei ZHANG Zhenqing ZHOU Hongkui WU Jianjun Academy of Eco-civilization Development for Jing-Jin-Ji Megalopolis Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Institute of Digital Agriculture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The characteristics of drought in xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(xinjiang),China have changed due to changes in the spatiotemporal patterns of temperature and precipitation,however,the effects of temperature and precipitation—the two most important factors influencing drought—have not yet been thoroughly explored in this *** this study,we first calculated the standard precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)in xinjiang from 1980 to 2020 based on the monthly precipitation and monthly average *** the spatiotemporal characteristics of temperature,precipitation,and drought in xinjiang from 1980 to 2020 were analyzed using the Theil-Sen median trend analysis method and Mann-Kendall test.A series of SPEI-based scenario-setting experiments by combining the observed and detrended climatic factors were utilized to quantify the effects of individual climatic factor(i.e.,temperature and precipitation).The results revealed that both temperature and precipitation had experienced increasing trends at most meteorological stations in xinjiang from 1980 to 2020,especially the spring temperature and winter *** to the influence of temperature,trends of intensifying drought have been observed at spring,summer,autumn,and annual *** addition,the drought trends in southern xinjiang were more notable than those in northern *** 1980 to 2020,temperature trends exacerbated drought trends,but precipitation trends alleviated drought trends in *** meteorological stations in xinjiang exhibited temperature-dominated drought trend except in winter;in winter,most stations exhibited precipitation-dominated wetting *** findings of this study highlight the importance of the impact of temperature on drought in xinjiang and deepen the understanding of the factors influencing drought.

关键词： standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI) climate change drought characteristics trend analysis arid area temperature trend contribution analysis

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A self-locking mechanism of the frog-legged beetle Sagra femorata

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Insect Science 2024年第6期31卷 1864-1875页

作者： Le Zong Zonghui Sun Jieliang Zhao Zhengzhong Huang Xiaokun Liu Lei Jiang Congqiao Li Jacob Mulwa Muinde Jianing Wu Xiaolong Wang Hongbin Liang Haoyu Liu Yuxia Yang Siqin Ge Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina The Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application School of Life ScienceInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Insect legs play a crucial role in various modes of locomotion,including walking,jumping,swimming,and other forms of *** flexibility of their leg joints is critical in enabling various modes of *** frog-legged leaf beetle Sagra femorata possesses remarkably enlarged hind legs,which are considered to be a critical adaptation that enables the species to withstand external *** confronted with external threats,*** initiates a stress response by rapidly rotating its hind legs backward and upward to a specific angle,thereby potentially intimidating potential *** on video analysis,we identified 4 distinct phases of the hind leg rotation process in ***,which were determined by the range of rotation angles(0°−168.77°).Utilizing micro-computed tomography(micro-CT)technology,we performed a 3-dimensional(3D)reconstruction and conducted relative positioning and volumetric analysis of the metacoxa and metatrochanter of *** analysis revealed that the metacoxa–trochanter joint is a“screw-nut”structure connected by 4 muscles,which regulate the rotation of the *** testing using a 3D-printed model of the metacoxa–trochanter joint demonstrated its possession of a self-locking mechanism capable of securing the legs in specific positions to prevent excessive rotation and *** can be envisioned that this self-locking mechanism holds potential for application in bio-inspired robotics.

关键词： coxa leg joints micro-CT Sagra femorata self-locking trochanter

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Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan Mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： Ze-Long YANG Peng BAI Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan Mountains over the past few ***,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change ***,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains from 1982 to 2015.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff *** downscaled outputs of 12 general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2016-2100)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42%,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(21%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12 mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12 mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual *** wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12 mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

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Evidence for the Late Pliocene Aridification in the Eastern Tarim Basin,Northwest China

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第5期34卷 1632-1634页

作者： Hua Zhang Feng-Lin Lü Cheng-Lin Liu Peng-Cheng Jiao Hui-Jing Yin Hui Yan Bao-Cheng Ma Liang-Liang Zhao Hong-Chao Liu Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China National Centre for Archaeology Beijing 100013China School of Earth Resources China University of GeoscienceWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeoscienceBeijing 100083China State Development and Investment Corp. Xin Jiang Luobupo Potash Co.LTDHami 839000China

INTRODUCTION The vast arid regions in mid-latitude Asia(MLA)are among the most prominent landscapes on Earth’s surface and have been thought to provide a key source of global atmospheric dust(Hovan et al.,1989).Over the past decades,research on aridification of MLA have made tremendous progress and pointed large-scale aridity has prevailed in this region since the Late Pliocene despite long-term stepwise drying(Fang et al.,2020;Liu et al.,2014).However,direct sedimentary records for the late Pliocene aridification is still lack,hindering our understanding of regional comparison and the behind drive *** Tarim Basin in northwest China is one of the driest and largest inland basins and is considered as an ideal candidate for aridity records of MLA(Sun et al.,2013).Although considerable studies of environmental variations have been conducted(Liu et al.,2020;Zheng et al.,2015),a comprehensive picture of climatic change of the basin during the Late Pliocene is still unavailable,due to fragmentary sedimentary records,especially in the eastern Tarim *** this contribution,we report the Late Pliocene lacustrine sediments found in Lop Nur of the east of Tarim *** occurrence of abundant magnesite,their related crystal morphology and C-O isotopic signature suggested a typical brackish or even saline lake environment and arid climatic condition in eastern Tarim Basin during this interval.

关键词： Tarim sedimentary climatic

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Petrogenesis of the Carboniferous Intrusive Rock in the Xiaobaishitou District of East Tianshan,Northwest China:Magma Evolution and Tectonic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第1期97卷 90-105页

作者： LI Ning ZHANG Zhixin YANG Fuquan LIU Dongna Department of Earth Science and Engineering College of Mining EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Ministry of Natural ResourcesInstitute of Mineral ResourcesChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

The Xiaobaishitou gabbro-diorite pluton comprises a medium-grained gabbro-diorite suite and a fine-grained diorite suite,which intrude the Kawabulag Group in the East Tianshan Orogen of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB).A combination of mineral chemistry,zircon U-Pb age,whole-rock geochemistry,Sr-Nd isotopes,and in situ zircon Hf isotopes for newly found gabbro-diorite from the Xiaobaishitou district in the Central Tianshan Terrane(CTT)is presented to investigate the petrogenesis and tectonic or even crustal evolution of the East Tianshan *** ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)zircon U-Pb analyses indicate that the gabbro-diorite was formed at 324.7±2.4 *** isolated clinopyroxene formed under higher P-T-fO_(2)melt conditions(10.7–14.6 kbar;1199–1269℃;high fO_(2))than those for the hornblende,plagioclase,and zircon(557–687℃;moderate fO_(2))in the gabbro-diorite,which reveals a multilevel,magmatic storage *** gabbro-diorite is characterized by fractioned REE patterns,enriched LILEs(e.g.,Ba and Pb),negative anomalies of HFSEs(e.g.,Nb and Ta),and low La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios,which are typically indicative of crustal contamination and accounted for by subduction-related *** rock also characterized by typical features of high compatible elements(MgO=3.14–11.65 wt%,Cr=1–157 ppm,Ni=6–830 ppm),high Mg^(#)(47–74),positiveε_(Hf)(t)values(+5.1 to+10.3)andε_(Nd)(t)values(+2.3 to+4.4).These features suggest that the Xiaobaishitou gabbro-diorite was most likely derived from metasomatic mantle and contaminated minor crustal *** into account the spatial and temporal distribution of the Carboniferous magmatic rocks in the CTT,we suggest the formation of the Xiaobaishitou gabbro-diorite was attributed to southward subduction of the Kangguer Ocean.

关键词： petrogenesis geodynamic implication gabbro-diorite Carboniferous East Tianshan Orogen

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