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A Physics‑Based Seismic Risk Assessment of the Qujiang Fault:From Dynamic Rupture to Disaster Estimation

International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2024年第1期15卷 165-177页

作者： Yilong Li Zijia Wang Zhenguo Zhang Yuhao Gu Houyun Yu School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Department of Earth and Space sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Geophysical High-Resolution Imaging Technology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

This study achieved the construction of earthquake disaster scenarios based on physics-based methods-from fault dynamic rupture to seismic wave propagation-and then population and economic loss estimations.The physics-based dynamic rupture and strong ground motion simulations can fully consider the three-dimensional complexity of physical parameters such as fault geometry,stress field,rock properties,and terrain.Quantitative analysis of multiple seismic disaster scenarios along the Qujiang Fault in western Yunnan Province in southwestern China based on different nucleation locations was achieved.The results indicate that the northwestern segment of the Qujiang Fault is expected to experience significantly higher levels of damage compared to the southeastern segment.Additionally,there are significant variations in human losses,even though the economic losses are similar across different scenarios.Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Yuxi City,Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture,and Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture were identified as at medium to high seismic risks,with Yuxi and Honghe being particularly vulnerable.Implementing targeted earthquake prevention measures in Yuxi and Honghe will significantly mitigate the potential risks posed by the Qujiang Fault.Notably,although the fault is within Yuxi,Honghe is likely to suffer the most severe damage.These findings emphasize the importance of considering rupture directivity and its influence on ground motion distribution when assessing seismic risk.

关键词： Earthquake disaster loss estimation Physics-based earthquake scenario simulation Qujiang Fault Rupture directivity Seismic risk assessment

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Characterization of Nutrients,Heavy Metals,Petroleum and Their Impact on Phytoplankton in Laizhou Bay:Implications for Environmental Management and Monitoring

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 822-834页

作者： WANG Kai ZHAO Linlin ZHU Yugui YANG Liqiang WANG Yunfeng HONG Xuguang College of marine Life science Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory Guangzhou 511458China

The Laizhou Bay(LB)represents a substantial ecological area that is vulnerable to human activities and confronts diverse environmental challenges.This study provides a comprehensive characterization of nutrients,petroleum,heavy metals,and phytoplankton community structure across seven distinct areas in LB.The results indicate relatively high concentrations of NO_(2)-N,SiO_(4)-Si,and NO_(3)-N in the Southwest Laizhou Bay(SWLB)and Huanghe River Estuary(HRE).In contrast,the East Laizhou bay(ELB)and the North of Huanghe River Estuary(NHRE)exhibit the highest concentrations of heavy metals(As,Cr and Hg).The areas with high phytoplankton density and community diversity are mainly located in the SWLB.After adjusting for basic environmental factors,phytoplankton density and Margalef richness index D are significantly associated with nutrients(NO_(3)-N,NO_(2)-N,NH_(4)-N,SiO_(4)-Si),and heavy metal(Cr)concentrations.We highlight that,in addition to Xiaoqinghe River,nutrients brought by the Mihe River in the SWLB and heavy metal(Cr)pollution in the ELB resulting from industrial and mining activities along the coast significantly influence phytoplankton growth and community structure.Therefore,it is recommended that more monitoring and management efforts be focused on these regions in the future.

关键词： Huanghe River Estuary Laizhou Bay nutrients heavy metals phytoplankton biodiversity

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An integrated north–south paleo-Dadu-Anning River: New insights from bulk major and trace element analyses of the Xigeda Formation

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 91-103页

作者： Yong Zheng Hai-bing Li Jia-wei Pan Ping Wang Ya Lai Zheng Gong key laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole Crustal Activity National Observaion and Research Station Lianyungang 222300China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory Guangzhou 511458China Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake AdministrationZhengzhou 450002China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The Xianshuihe-Anninghe fault extends SE–S and constitutes the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.However,the Dadu River which is associated with the fault does not flow following the path,but makes a 90ºturn within a distance of 1 km at Shimian,heading east,and joins the Yangtze River,finally flowing into the East China Sea.Adjacent to the abrupt turn,a low and wide pass near the Daqiao reservoir at Mianning separates the N–S course of the Dadu River from the headwater of the Anning River which then flows south into the Yunnan Province along the Anninghe fault.Therefore,many previous studies assumed southward flow of the paleo-Dadu River from the Shimian to the Anning River.However,evidences for the capture of the integrated N–S paleo-Dadu-Anning River,its timing,and causes are still insufficient.This study explored the paleo-drainage pattern of the Dadu and Anning Rivers based on bulk mineral and geochemical analyses of the large quantities of fluvial/lacustrine sediments along the trunk of the Dadu and Anning Rivers.Similar with sands in the modern Dadu River,the Xigeda sediments also exhibit a granitoid affinity with the bulk major mineral compositions of quartz(>50%),anorthite(about 10%),orthoclase(about 5%),muscovite(about 5%),and clinochlore(about 4%).Correspondingly,bulk major elements show high SiO_(2),with all samples>60%,and some of them>70%,low TiO_(2)(≤0.75%),P_(2)O_(5)(≤0.55%),FeO*(≤5%),and relatively high CaO(1.02%–8.51%),Na_(2)O(1.60%–2.52%),and K_(2)O(2.17%–2.71%),with a uniform REE patterns.Therefore,synthesizing all these results indicate that these lacustrine sediments have similar material sources,which are mainly derived from its course in the Songpan-Ganzi flysch block,implying that the paleo-Dadu originally flowed southward into the Anning River and provided materials to the Xigeda ancient lake.The rearrangement of the paleo-Dadu River appears to be closely related to the locally focused uplift driven by strong activities of the XianshuiheXiaojiang fault system.

关键词： Dadu River Anninghe fault River diversion Xigeda Formation Tectonic uplift Provenance Songpan-Ganzi flysch Ancient lake Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system Tibetan Plateau

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Magmatic-tectonic response of the South China Craton to the Paleo-Pacific subduction during the Triassic:a new viewpoint based on Well NK-1

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 58-89页

作者： Chan WANG Hao LIU Gang LI Zhen SUN Tingting GONG Li MIAO Xiaowei ZHU Yunying ZHANG Weihai XU Wen YAN key laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China key laboratory of Tectonic Controlled Mineralization and Oil Reservoir of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China School of Earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China College of Earth science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The Nansha Block(NB)is one of the blocks separated from the southern margin of the South China Craton(SCC)by the western Pacific subduction,which contains rich information of geodynamic and tectonic transformation.To reveal the essence of western Paleo-Pacific subduction during the Triassic period,Well NK-1 in this block was selected for petrographic study,and published research data from other cooperative teams were compared.A double-cycle pattern of basic to neutral magmatic volcanism was established,and 36 lithological rhythmic layers and representative cryptoexplosive breccia facies and welded tuff bands were identified.Combined with a reanalysis of published geochronological data,geochemical elements,and isotope geochemistry,we found that the rock assemblages could be divided into an intermediate-acid dacite(DA)series(SiO_(2)>65%)and basaltic(BA)series(Co<40μg/g),which was formed during the early Late Triassic((218.6±3.2)–(217.9±3.5)Ma).BA exhibits obvious calc-alkaline island-arc magmatic properties:(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i ratio ranging 0.70377–0.71118(average:0.70645),^(147)Sm/^(144)Nd ratio ranging 0.119–0.193(average:0.168),and chondrite-normalized rare earth element(REE)curves being flat,while DA exhibits remarkable characteristics of subducted island-arc andesitic magma:(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i ratio(0.70939–0.71129;average:0.71035),εNd(t)value(-6.2–-4.8;average:-5.6)andε_(Hf)(t)value(-2.9–-1.7,average:-2.2)show obvious crust-mantle mixing characteristics.BA and DA reveal typical characteristics of island-arc magma systems and typeⅡenriched mantle(EM-Ⅱ)magma.BA magma was likely resulted from the process whereby the continental crust frontal accretionary wedge was driven by the Paleo-Pacific slab subduction into the deep and began to melt,resulting in a large amount of melt(fluid)joined the asthenosphere on the side of the continental margin.In contrast,DA magma was likely resulted from the process whereby the plate front was forced to bend with increasing subduction distance,which triggered the upwelling of the

关键词： Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain tectonic evolution rift volcanic rock Nansha Block South China Craton

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Suitability evaluation on marine ranching in guangdong,South China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 778-791页

作者： Anning SUO Weiguo ZHOU Dewen DING key laboratory of Tropical marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

The ecological suitability of marine resources and environmental conditions for marine ranching in guangdong,South China was evaluated.Niche theory was used to establish an ecological suitability evaluation model for marine ranching site selection,and suitability evaluation of marine ranching was conducted in.Results show that the ecological suitability index of marine ranching site selection was greater than 64.0 in 20 sites,including offshore Shantou Bay,offshore Zhanjiang Port,and Longdou Bay etc.,which are the priority areas for marine ranching.In other 13 sites,the ecological suitability index ranged between 8.0 and 32.0,including Houjiang Bay,Haimen Bay,and Jieshi Bay etc.,indicating the suitability for marine ranching.However,the ecological suitability index was 0 in Shantou Bay,Zhujiang(Pearl)River estuary,Huangmao Sea,Guanghai Bay,Zhanjiang Port,Qiongzhou Strait,and Anpu Port.These sites are thus unsuitable for marine ranching.This study provides a theoretical basis for site selection and planning of marine ranching in guangdong Province.

关键词： marine ranching site suitability evaluation ecological niche guangdong Province

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mFAST:A MATLAB toolbox for ocean bottom seismometer refraction first-arrival traveltime tomography

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第5期6卷 487-494页

作者： Bin Liu southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Guangzhou marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 511458China

First-arrival seismic traveltime tomography(FAST)is a well-established technique to estimate subsurface velocity structures.Although several existing open-source packages are available for first-arrival traveltime tomography,most were written in compiled languages and lack sufficient extendibility for new algorithms and functionalities.In this work,we develop an open-source,selfcontained FAST package based on MATLAB,one of the most popular interpreted scientific programming languages,with a focus on ocean bottom seismometer refraction traveltime tomography.Our package contains a complete traveltime tomography workflow,including ray-tracing-based first-arrival traveltime computation,linearized inversion,quality control,and high-quality visualization.We design the package as a modular toolbox,making it convenient to integrate new algorithms and functionalities as needed.At the current stage,our package is most efficient for performing FAST for two-dimensional ocean bottom seismometer surveys.We demonstrate the efficacy and accuracy of our package by using a synthetic data example based on a modified Marmousi model.

关键词： ocean bottom seismometer(OBS) first-arrival traveltime tomography open source MATLAB

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Asymmetric chlorophyll responses enhanced by internal waves near the Dongsha Atoll in the South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第2期41卷 418-426页

作者： Meilin WU Huijie XUE Fei CHAI State key laboratory of marine Environmental science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State key laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China

Internal waves(IWs)are small-scale physical processes that occur frequently in stratified marginal seas.IWs are ubiquitous and well documented in the northern South China Sea(n SCS),but few studies have explored the ecosystem responses to the IWs.MODISA chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)data from 2002 to 2014 were used to examine the distribution of Chl a near the Dongsha Atoll(DSA).Composite Chl a from about 40 IWs during spring and summer showed stronger response on the northern side than on the southern side of the DSA.One day after the passage of IWs,composite surface Chl a on the northern side increased from 0.11 mg/m3 to a maximum mean value of 0.18 mg/m3.It decreased to 0.13 mg/m3 after two days and maintained that level for several days after the passage of IWs.The enhanced surface Chl a likely caused subsurface Chl-a maximum and nutrients in the surface layer.Approximately 64%of the increase in surface Chl a was due to the uplift of the subsurface Chl-a maximum one day after the passage of IWs,while nutrient-induced new phytoplankton growth contributed about 18%of the increase a few days later.When the IWs occurred frequently in spring and summer,Chl-a level on the northern side was about 30%higher than that on the southern side.IW dissipation and its impact on nutrients and chlorophyll were stronger on the northern side of the DSA than on the south,which caused a north-south asymmetric distribution of Chl a in the region.

关键词： internal waves(IWs) phytoplankton nutrients Dongsha Atoll northern South China Sea

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Fault-controlled regional magmatism and mineral deposition in central Cathaysia——Evidence from ambient noise tomography

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science China Earth sciences 2022年第9期65卷 1715-1735页

作者： Lingmin CAO Huaiyu YUAN Liang ZHAO Minghui ZHAO Haibo HUANG Tianyao HAO Xuelin QIU key laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyInnovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511438China ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems Department of Earth and Environmental SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeNSW 2109Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting University of Western AustraliaCrawley PerthWA 6009Australia State key laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100029China key laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China key laboratory of Submarine Geosciences Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China

guangdong Province in the central Cathaysian Block has two world-class metallogenic belts, namely, the Nanling and Southeastern Coastal Metallogenic Belts(NLMB and SCMB), which are spatially coincide with the major regional Ganjiang and Zhenghe-Dapu Fault Zones(GJFZ and ZDFZ). However, what roles the faults played in mineral deposition and magmatism is unclear. Using ambient noise tomography, we obtain a 3-D whole-crust shear wave velocity model. By combining available regional geophysical models, we characterize the architecture of the regional shallow lithosphere and infer its possible tectonic connection to magmatic sources, pathways and surface deposition. The results show that the study area is loosely divided by the two major faults, the GJFZ and ZDFZ, into distinct velocity domains. In the north high Vand low V/Vcrust in the NLMB imply crustal remelting, which leads to the general felsic composition. In the coastal area, the lower crustal high Vanomaly is attributed to upwelling melts associated with Cretaceous magmatic activity. Between mineral belts, a swath of crustal lowvelocity zones extend into the uppermost mantle, manifesting partial melting related to upwelling magmas that may hint at a deep origin of magma from subcrustal lithosphere and likely feed surface mineral deposits through major faults. Secondary NW-trending faults coincide with low velocities and facilitated magmatic migration. A correlation between coastward extension of low velocities and younging of the Jurassic and Cretaceous magmatism is suggestive of a combined effect of slab rollback and a change in the direction of the Paleo-Pacific subduction system. We speculate a regional fault-control model in the central Cathaysian Block for the spatial-temporal evolution of regional deformation and magmatism during the middle Mesozoic.

关键词： Ambient noise tomography Crustal Vs structure Ganjiang Fault Zone Zhenghe-Dapu Fault Zone Mesozoic magmatism

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Coupled δ^(15)N_(TN) and δ^(13)C_(TOC) Insights into Methane Seepage Activities in Bulk marine Sediments of the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1495-1503页

作者： MIAO Xiaoming FENG Xiuli HU Limin LI Jingrui LIU Xiting WANG Nan XIAO Qianwen WEI Jiangong College of marine Geosciences Ocean University of Chinathe Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting TechniquesQingdao 266100China Deep-Sea Multidisciplinary Research Center&laboratory for marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266037China MLR key laboratory of marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological SurveyGuangzhou 510075China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China

Recently,methane seepage related to the dissociation of natural gas hydrates has attracted much attention,which has a significant impact on the study of the global carbon and nitrogen cycles.Based on the detailed geochemical analyses of sediments(core Q6)from the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea,three methane seepage activities were identified and the exact horizons of anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM)were defined.Furthermore,organic carbon isotopic(δ^(13)C_(TOC))levels ranged from−23.6‰–−20.6‰PDB;nitrogen isotopes(δ^(15)N_(TN))of the same sedimentary samples ranged from 1.8‰–5.3‰.We also found obvious simultaneous negative excursions of organic carbon isotopes(δ^(13)C_(TOC))and nitrogen isotopes(δ^(15)N_(TN))in the horizons of methane seepages.Compared with the normal sediments,their maximum negative excursions were 2.6‰and 2.5‰,respectively.We discuss in detail the various characteristics ofδ^(15)N_(TN) andδ^(13)C_(TOC) levels in sediments and their coupling responses to methane seepage activities.We believe that the methane seepage events changed the evolution trajectory ofδ^(15)N_(TN) andδ^(13)C_(TOC) levels in sediment records,which resulted in the simultaneous negative excursions.This phenomenon is of great significance to reveal the historical dissociation of natural gas hydrates and their influence on the deep-sea carbon and nitrogen pool.

关键词： methane seepage TS/TOC nitrogen isotopes organic carbon isotopes South China Sea

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Morphological analysis of Rhynchospio aff.asiatica(Annelida:Spionidae)and comments on the phylogeny and reproduction of the family Spionidae

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第3期40卷 1257-1276页

作者： Zhi WANG Ting XU Jian-Wen QIU Yinglu JI Zishan YU Caihuan KE State key laboratory of marine Environmental science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Ocean science and Hong Kong Branch of the southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Department of Biology and Hong Kong Branch of the southern marine science and engineering guangdong laboratory(Guangzhou) Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China North China Sea marine Forecasting Center of State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061China College of marine Life sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

The genus Rhynchospio has fronto-lateral horns on prostomium,paired branchiae from chaetiger 2 to near the posterior end,capillary notochaetae only,and more than two pairs of pygidial cirri.Rhynchospio species are common in coastal soft bottom communities;nevertheless,many recorded Rhynchospio specimens around the world are currently undescribed.Here we described a Rhynchospio species based on specimens collected from Qingdao,China.Comparison with the reported DNA sequences of four gene markers(16S rRNA,18S rRNA,28S rRNA,and Histone H3)and brief morphological description of specimens collected from Jinhae Bay,South Korea,previously reported as Rhynchospio aff.asiatica,indicated that they are conspecific.Morphologically,specimens of R.aff.asiatica from Qingdao are characterized by having neuropodial hooded hooks from chaetigers 14–17(vs.10–23 in R.asiatica)to near pygidial chaetigers,sperm from chaetiger 11 to 14(vs.from chaetiger 11 to 21–22 in R.asiatica),oocytes from chaetigers 16–17 to 26–39(vs.from 22–24 in R.asiatica),and 4–6(vs.up to 6 in R.asiatica)pygidial cirri.Genetically,Rhynchospio aff.asiatica is most closely related to R.arenincola Hartman,1936 from California,USA with the interspecific distances of 20.02%(16S rRNA),4.50%(18S rRNA),8.44%(28S rRNA),2.74%(Histone H3),and 6.10%(concatenated sequences).Water flow across the dorsum created by ciliary beating of the branchiae and nototrochs,observed on live specimens,may help transport gametes from reproductive segments in anterior and middle parts to the posterior brooding segments.Phylogenetic trees based on concatenated sequences of four gene markers of 54 spioniform species in 25 genera revealed two clades,covering the two subfamilies Spioninae and Nerininae respectively.Two families(i.e.,Poecilochaetidae and Trochochaetidae)in the order Spionida were clustered within Spionidae,supporting a morphology-based proposal that these families bearing a pair of prehensile,grooved palps should be grouped within a more broadly defi ned family Spionidae.Mapping

关键词： Annelida phylogeny taxonomy Yellow Sea

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