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The composition of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids and their related metal mineralization

Science China earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 208-225页

作者： Qihai SHU Jun DENG State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Sciences and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China Frontiers Science Center for deep-time digital earth China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China

Magmatic hydrothermal deposits are important sources of many bulk,precious,and rare metals,and have attracted interest from both academic and industrial ***,it is still unclear if the major enrichment of the ore-forming metals occurs in the parental magma source region,during the magma evolution,or after the fluid *** inclusions trapped in hydrothermal minerals crystallized in the early,high-temperature stage before metal precipitation record information close to that of the initially exsolved magmatic fluids,which are helpful in revealing whether the metals have been already significantly enriched prior to the hydrothermal *** this study,available compositional data of such early-stage fluid inclusions from magmatic hydrothermal systems globally have been *** results indicate that the concentrations of Cu,Sn,and W respectively from the Cu-,Sn-,and W-mineralized fluids are significantly higher than the hydrothermal systems that do not produce ores with the corresponding *** suggests that Cu,Sn,and W could have already been enriched in the magma source and/or magma evolution *** Mo concentrations show no difference between Mo-mineralized and Mobarren fluid systems,indicating no significant pre-enrichment in the source region or during the magma *** also implies that an efficient collection of Mo from a large volume of magmas is required to account for the formation of a large Mo *** all the hydrothermal fluids contain high concentrations of Fe and Zn-Pb,but only a few of them eventually form Fe or Zn-Pb deposits,reflecting an important role of the hydrothermal evolution process on the selective metal *** above results indicate that different metals are enriched in different stages of a magmatic hydrothermal system,and that the major roles played in the formation of a deposit vary with the metal *** addition to the metal concentrations in the orerelated magmas and fluids

关键词： Magmatic hydrothermal deposits Fluid inclusions LA-ICP-MS Metal enrichment Mineralization mechanism

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Construction of a fluvial facies knowledge graph and its application in sedimentary facies identification

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 268-281页

作者： Lei Zhang Mingcai Hou Anqing Chen Hanting Zhong James G.Ogg Dongyu Zheng Key Laboratory of deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications MNR&Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China

Lithofacies paleogeography is a data-intensive discipline that involves the interpretation and compilation of sedimentary *** sedimentary facies analysis is a labor-intensive task with the added complexity of using unstructured knowledge and unstandardized ***,it is very difficult for beginners or non-geology scholars who lack a systematic knowledge and experience in sedimentary facies *** hurdles could be partly alleviated by having a standardized,structured,and systematic knowledge base coupled with an efficient automatic machine-assisted sedimentary facies identification *** this end,this study constructed a knowledge system for fluvial facies and carried out knowledge *** include a domain knowledge graph for types of fluvial facies(meandering,braided and other fluvial depositional environments)and their characteristic features(bedforms,grain size distribution,etc.)with visualization,a method for query and retrieval on a graph database platform,a hierarchical knowledge tree-structure,a data-mining clustering algorithm for machineanalysis of publication texts,and an algorithm model for this area of sedimentary facies *** underlying sedimentary facies identification and knowledge reasoning system is based on expert experience and synthesis of *** testing,17 sets literature publications data that included details of sedimentary facies data(bedforms,grain sizes,etc.)were submitted to the artificial intelligence model,then compared and *** testing set of automated reasoning results yielded an interpretation accuracy of about 90%relative to the published interpretations in those ***,the model and algorithm provide an efficient and automated reasoning technology,which provides a new approach and route for the rapid and intelligent identification of other types of sedimentary facies from literature data or direct use in the field.

关键词： Fluvial facies Knowledge graph Domain ontology Sedimentary facies identification Machine-assisted interpretation

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Inertinite in coal and its geoenvironmental significance:Insights from AI and big data analysis

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1779-1801页

作者： Longyi SHAO Jiamin ZHOU Timothy PJONES Fanghui HUA Xiaotao XU Zhiming YAN Haihai HOU Dongdong WANG Jing LU State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources and College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering China University of Miningand Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF103YEWalesEngland General Prospecting Institute of China National Administration of Coal Geology Beijing 100039China Institute of Architectural Engineering Weifang UniversityWeifang 261061China College of Mining Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000China College of earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

Inertinite,as an important and abundant maceral group in coal,is critical for the study of palaeowildfires and their roles in the earth’s ***,there has been a significant amount of research on the relationship between palaeowildfire,palaeoclimate change and palaeovegetation evolution based on inertinite *** reflectance of fusinite and semifusinite has been used to estimate the combustion temperature and type of palaeowildfires,and then to evaluate the combustion characteristics of different types of *** relative abundance of inertinite can be used to estimate the atmospheric oxygen *** rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)and online tools to search scientific databases has presented an opportunity for us to find,collect,arrange,and analyse data from the earliest to latest publications on *** data extraction tool deep Shovel is used to collect and analyse global inertinite data from the Silurian to the *** software programs such as Gplates,ArcGIS pro and Tableau are then applied to model the relative abundance of inertinite over geological time,which can be correlated with other parameters such as atmospheric oxygen contents,plant evolution and palaeoclimate *** distribution of inertinite in coals varied over different geological periods,being typified by the“high inertinite content-high atmospheric oxygen level”period in the Permian and the“low inertinite content-low atmospheric oxygen level”period in the *** study has proposed a possible model of the positive and negative feedbacks between inertinite characteristics and palaeoenvironmental factors,and has revealed the exceptional role of inertinite in palaeoenvironmental *** research on inertinite will be focused on the integrated study of organic petrology and organic geochemistry of inertinite,the big data-driven research on the temporal and spatial distribution of the global inertinite,the exploration of the

关键词： Inertinite Palaeowildfires Atmospheric oxygen Palaeoclimates Palaeoecosystems

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Main controlling factor and mechanism of gas-in-place content of the Lower Cambrian shale from different sedimentary facies in the western Hubei area, South China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1488-1507页

作者： Gang Li Xian-Ming Xiao Bo-Wei Cheng Chen-Gang Lu Yue Feng Dong-Sheng Li School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Frontiers Science Center for deep-time digital earth China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083 China

The Lower Cambrian shale gas in the western Hubei area,South China has a great resource prospect,but the gas-in-place(GIP)content in different sedimentary facies varies widely,and the relevant mechanism has been not well *** the present study,two sets of the Lower Cambrian shale samples from the Wells YD4 and YD5 in the western Hubei area,representing the deep-water shelf facies and shallowwater platform facies,respectively,were investigated on the differences of pore types,pore structure and methane adsorption capacity between them,and the main controlling factor and mechanism of their methane adsorption capacities and GIP contents were *** results show that the organic matter(OM)pores in the YD4 shale samples are dominant,while the inorganic mineral(IM)pores in the YD5 shale samples are primary,with underdeveloped OM *** pore specific surface area(SSA)and pore volume(PV)of the YD4 shale samples are mainly from micropores and mesopores,respectively,while those of the YD5 shale samples are mainly from micropores and macropores,*** methane adsorption capacity of the YD4 shale samples is significantly higher than that of the YD5 shale samples,with a maximum absolute adsorption capacity of 3.13 cm^(3)/g and 1.31 cm^(3)/g in average,*** with the shallow-water platform shale,the deep-water shelf shale has a higher TOC content,a better kerogen type and more developed OM pores,which is the main mechanism for its higher adsorption *** GIP content models based on two samples with a similar TOC content selected respectively from the Wells YD4 and YD5 further indicate that the GIP content of the deep-water shelf shale is mainly 34 m^(3)/t within a depth range of 1000—4000 m,with shale gas exploration and development potential,while the shallow-water platform shale has normally a GIP content of<1 m^(3)/t,with little shale gas *** the geological and geochemical conditions of shale gas formation a

关键词： Lower Cambrian shale deep-water shelf facies Shallow-waterplat form facies Pore structure Methane adsorption Gas-in-place content Controlling factor

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Review on status of groundwater database and application prospect in deep-time digital earth plan

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第4期13卷 114-128页

作者： Wenkai Qiu Teng Ma Yanxin Wang Jianmei Cheng Chunli Su Junxia Li State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Groundwater is an important water *** total amount of active groundwater in a hydrological cycle is about 3.5 times that of the total amount of surface *** information in the deep groundwater records the material exchange and dynamics in the earth’s evolution,which is an important aspect of the deep-time digital earth(DDE)*** recent years,scientists have discussed the distribution of transboundary aquifers and the environmental significance of groundwater resources through groundwater databases established by international organizations,such as the Global Groundwater Information System and the chronicles consortium,and national institutes,such as national geological *** application of the groundwater database in the DDE plan,however,has been limited by the management,interactivity,and monitoring method of the groundwater *** ability to further integrate data that are private and scattered across research institutions and individuals,while establishing an open,unified,and shared groundwater data platform,is essential to enhance our understanding of groundwater,ranging from shallow to deep water,which is a goal of the DDE *** this study,we introduced the current situation of groundwater database operations in domestic and international research and provided frontier research with groundwater big *** the related objectives of the DDE plan and the limitations of existing groundwater databases,we proposed an improvement plan and new prospects for applying groundwater databases in the research of the deep earth.

关键词： deep-time digital earth Groundwater database Big data technology Hydrogeology

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A clipping algorithm for real-scene 3D models

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International Journal of digital earth 2023年第1期16卷 464-485页

作者： Jianhua Chen Xu Liu Bingqian Wang Jian Lu College of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduPeople’s Republic of China Chengdu Rescue and Disaster Reduction Technology Center ChengduPeople’s Republic of China Sichuan Huadi Construction Engineering Co. Ltd.ChengduPeople’s Republic of China

The development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)oblique photogrammetric technology provides a good foundation for the rapid construction of large-scale and high-definition real-scene 3D ***,due to the limitations of the modeling process,irrelevant feature data cannot be eliminated in the modeling *** built models contain irrelevant features and model distortions caused by *** present,most existing clipping algorithms cannot effectively clip real-scene 3D models that are organized as a whole or with levels of detail(LODs).Therefore,this paper proposes a novel algorithm for clipping real-scene 3D models from any perspective based on clipping boundary lines thatfit the surfaces of the *** results of the clipping experiments for 3D models constructed with oblique UAV images show that this algorithm can effectively clip any part of the 3D models,that the clipping results of each level model closelyfit the corresponding clipping boundary lines,and that the accuracy of the clipping results is very ***,the time complexity of the algorithm is O(n^(2)).In conclusion,the algorithm proposed in this paper provides correct and effective clipping results for real-scene 3D models with LODs that are constructed with photogrammetric or 3D laser scanning data.

关键词： Real-scene 3D models Clip Linesfitting 3D model surfaces Triangular mesh

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A knowledge graph for standard carbonate microfacies and its application in the automatical reconstruction of the relative sea-level curve

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 402-414页

作者： Han Wang Hanting Zhong Anqing Chen Keran Li Hang He Zhe Qi Dongyu Zheng Hongyi Zhao Mingcai Hou State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Key Laboratory of deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications MNR&Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

The reconstruction of high-resolution sea-level variation curves in deep time based on the standard car-bonate microfacies knowledge graph(SMFKG)is of great scientific significance for exploring the earth system evolution and predicting future sea-level and climate *** this study,the concepts,attri-butes,and relationships among standard carbonate microfacies(SMF)are comprehensively analyzed;an ontology layer is established and its data layer is constructed using thin-section descriptions;and finally,the SMFKG is ***,based on the knowledge graph,an application for automatically identifying SMF using identification markers and reconstructing the high-resolution relative sea-level variation curve using the SMF and facies zones is ***,all thin sections of the late Ediacaran Dengying Formation in the western margin of the Yangtze Platform are observed and described in detail,the SMF and facies zones are identified automatically,and the relative sea-level curve is recon-structed automatically using the *** reconstruction results show that the Yangtze Platform experienced four sea-level rise and fall cycles in the late Ediacaran,of which two intense regressions led to subaerial-exposed unconformities in the interior and top of the Dengying Formation,which is highly consistent with previous research *** shows that the high-resolution relative sea-level variation curve in deep time can be reconstructed efficiently and intelligently using the ***,in the near future,the combination of an automatic digital slide-scanning system,machine-learning techniques,and the SMFKG can achieve one-stop fully automatic SMF recognition and reconstruction of high-resolution relative sea-level variation curves in deep time,which has a high application value.

关键词： Sea-level curve Standard microfacies Knowledge graph Ediacaran Dengying Formation

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Enhancing Geological Understanding and Identifying Gold Anomalies in the Ailaoshan Orogen

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Shiyu YANG Lin SONG Yiwei DONG Yuntao FENG Lihao LI Huajian WU Junyu WANG Qingfei State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Xi’an Center of Mineral Resources Survey China Geological SurveyXi’an 710010China Yunnan Gold Mining Industry Group Kunming 650299China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Genesis and Prospect for Strategic Minerals East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China Frontiers Science Center for deep-time digital earth China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

The Ailaoshan Orogen in the southeastern Tibet Plateau,situated between the Yangtze and Simao blocks,underwent a complex structural,magmatic,and metamorphic evolution resulting in different tectonic subzones with varying structural lineaments and elemental *** elements can conceal or reduce anomalies due to the mutual effect between different anomaly *** the whole zone into subzones based on tectonic settings,ore cluster areas,or sample catchment basins(Scb),geochemical and structural anomalies associated with gold(Au)mineralization have been identified utilizing mean plus twice standard deviations(Mean+2STD),factor analysis(FA),concentration-area(CA)modeling of stream sediment geochemical data,and lineament density in both the Ailaoshan Orogen and the individual *** FA in the divided 98 Scbs with 6 Scbs containing Au deposits can roughly ascertain unknown rock types,identify specific element associations of known rocks and discern the porphyry or skarn-type Au *** with methods of Mean+2STD and C-A model of data in the whole orogen,which mistake the anomalies as background or act the background as anomalies,the combined methods of FA and C-A in the separate subzones or Scbs works well in regional metallogenic potential *** of lineament densities with a 10-km circle diameter is not suitable to locate Au deposits because of the delineated large areas of medium-high lineament *** contrast,the use of circle diameters of 1.3 km or 1.7 km in the ore cluster scale delineates areas with a higher concentration of lineament density,consistent with the locations of known Au *** analyzing the map of faults and Au anomalies,two potential prospecting targets,Scbs 1 and 63 with a sandstone as a potential host rock for Au,have been identified in the Ailaoshan *** use of combined methods in the divided subzones proved to be more effective in improving geological understanding and identifying

关键词： minerology geochemistry gold stream sediment sample catchment basin concentration-area model lineament density Ailaoshan Orogen

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Animating fossilized invertebrates by motion reconstruction

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National Science Review 2023年第12期10卷 52-55页

作者：王子鑫张威黎家豪王吉杨运强包童吴嘉宁王博 School of Advanced Manufacturing Sun Yat-sen University School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Sun Yat-sen University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Ecology Sun Yat-sen University

Fossils preserve valuable evolutionary traces of ancient species, waiting to be unveiled by scientists. Similarly to completing a jigsaw puzzle, scientists assemble the evolutionary history of extinct organisms by piecing together static anatomical features, dynamic motion clues or a combination of both. Compared with static information, dynamic information is more difficult to extract from photo-like fossils.

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Characteristics of Paleontological Communities in Surface Sediments of the Southern South China Sea and Their Paleoclimatic and Paleoenvironmental Significance

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Journal of earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 144-154页

作者： Jing Zhao Li Zhang Xiaoyan Wang Jinglian Ge Min Xu Wei Chen Mao Luo Qianyong Liang Qiuhua Yu Shuaibing Luo Wenkun Qie Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resoures Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou Marine Geological SurveyChina Geological SurveyGuangzhou 511458China National Engineering Research Center for Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development Guangzhou 511458China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution of different paleontological communities in the southern South China Sea(SCS)is fundamental to explore its paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental *** this study,foraminifera,pollen and diatoms from 100 surface sediment samples covering 40000 km^(2) of sea floor in the southern SCS were comprehensively investigated in terms of their assemblage and *** results showed the existence of abundant foraminifera and pollen in most of the samples,although diatom communities were relatively *** were dominated by ***,***,***,while diatoms were characterized by ***,*** and ***,indicating a typical tropical marine *** pollen assemblages showed a better reflection of montane rainforest,tropical rainforest and *** spatial differences among foraminifera assemblages may indicate the effect of water depth and a warmer environment in the southeast part of the study area,while the spatial patterns of diatom and pollen assemblages imply the influence of coastal *** study also noted that the compositions of paleontological communities in the SCS can vary significantly in a short distance,and synthesized studies on multiple biological groups are needed to reconstruct the Quaternary climate and the oceanographic environment.

关键词： southern South China Sea sediments foraminifera diatom pollen

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