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Carbon armour with embedded carbon dots for building better supercapacitor electrodes

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6815-6824页

作者： Yuanyuan Cheng Yixian Liu Chen Chu Yunliang Liu Yaxi Li Ruqiang Wu Jianchun Wu Chunqiang Zhuang Zhenhui Kang Haitao Li Institute for Energy Research School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

The microstructure design of electrode material is a crucial point to optimize the supercapacitor’s electrochemical *** this work,a Bi-based nanocomposite with a three-layer structure(Bi–Bi_(2)O_(3)@carbon armour(CA)/carbon dots(CDs))is synthesized and *** material inherits high capacitance and high activity from bismuth-based materials,the coated CA protects the structure from complete oxidization and improves surface ***,CDs in CA can enhance the ion conduction efficiency between the catalyst,carbon membrane,*** a consequence,the specific capacitance of the electrode reaches 973 F·g^(−1)under 1 A·g^(−1),the energy density achieves 32.5 Wh·kg^(−1)with a power density of 266.9 W·kg^(−1),with impressive electrochemical stability that Coulomb efficiency of the electrode remains about 100%after 5000 ***,in-situ Fourier transformation infrared(FT-IR)analyzes the structure evolvement of the material during synthesis and finds that the annealing process of the material removes a great number of oxygen-containing groups of CA and CDs,generating oxygen vacancies,defects,thus active sites,which enhance the capacitance of the material.

关键词： supercapacitor carbon armour Bi–Bi_(2)O_(3)interface carbon dots

Nitrogen-doped carbon dots-modified Prussian blue with sandwichlike structure as a high-performance electrochromic material

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9174-9180页

作者： Yaqi Zhang Lide Li Siming Zhao Yilin Ding Nan Shen Yujie Sun Hao Wang Jingfa Li Rufan Zhang School of Chemistry and Materials Science School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Prussian blue(PB),as a promising inorganic electrochromic material(ECM),has been widely used in smart windows,displays,sensors,***,there are still many challenges for PB to achieve high electrochromic ***,we synthesized nitrogen-doped carbon dots-modified PB film(defined as PB@N-CDs)with a sandwich-like structure by a simple stepwise electrodeposition *** carbon dots show an obvious advantage in ultrafast electron transfer ability,which can reduce charge loss during the transfer process,improve the electrochemical activity on both sides of PB,and thus facilitate a rapid electrochromic ***,the surface of nitrogen-doped carbon dots contains multiple organic functional groups,which widen the movement path of K+ions under electrostatic ***,the PB@N-CDs film exhibits a short bleaching/coloring time(0.5/0.9 s)and a superior optical modulation range(78.6%).Particularly,the coloring efficiency has been significantly improved to 137.71 cm^(2)/C(at 700 nm).All of these results open up new avenues for developing highperformance PB-based ECMs and promoting their applications in corresponding electrochromic devices(ECDs)and smart windows.

关键词： electrochromic Prussian blue carbon dots nanostructure

CRISPR-based genetic screens advance cancer immunology

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第12期67卷 2554-2562页

作者： Yuanfang Cao Xueting Li Yumu Pan Huahe Wang Siyu Yang Lingjuan Hong Lupeng Ye Institute of Modern Biology Nanjing University

CRISPR technologies have revolutionized research areas ranging from fundamental science to translational medicine. CRISPR-based genetic screens offer a powerful platform for unbiased screening in various fields, such as cancer immunology. Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy has been shown to strongly affect cancer treatment. However, the currently available ICBs are limited and do not work in all cancer patients. Pooled CRISPR screens enable the identification of previously unknown immune regulators that can regulate T-cell activation,cytotoxicity, persistence, infiltration into tumors, cytokine secretion, memory formation, T-cell metabolism, and CD4+T-cell *** novel targets can be developed as new immunotherapies or used with the current ICBs as new combination therapies that may yield synergistic efficacy. Here, we review the progress made in the development of CRISPR technologies, particularly technological advances in CRISPR screens and their application in novel target identification for immunotherapy.

关键词： gene editing CRISPR/Cas genetic screening cancer immunotherapy immune cells

Innovative genome editing in plants: a transposase and CRISPR combination approach

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Hamza Sohail Iqra Noor Xuehao Chen Xiaodong Yang School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Yangzhou University

Transgenic plants are extensively utilized in research, enabling scientists to explore gene functions in controlled environments, leading to crops with higher productivity and greater resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors (Oyebamiji et al., 2024). Traditional transgene integration techniques, such as particle bombardment and Agrobacterium T-DNA integration, often lead to unintended mutations and unpredictable insertion sites, emphasizing the necessity for developing targeted transgene integration(Ahuja and Fladung, 2014).

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Critical behavior of quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnet Cr_(1.04)Te_(2)

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 87-94页

作者：钮伟宋沁心常世琦王敏袁奎高嘉程王硕王振东刘凯斐刘萍徐永兵张晓倩普勇 jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Low Dimensional Physics and New Energy&School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education School of PhysicsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China

The self-intercalation of Cr into pristine two-dimensional(2D) van der Waals ferromagnetic CrTe_(2),which forms chromium tellurides(Cr_(x)Te_(2)),has garnered interest due to their remarkable magnetic characteristics and the wide variety of chemical compositions ***,comprehensive basic characterization and magnetic studies are conducted on quasi-2D ferromagnetic Cr_(1.04)Te_(2) *** of the isothermal magnetization curves are conducted around the critical temperature to systematically investigate the critical ***,the critical exponents β=0.2399,γ=0.859,and δ=4.3498,as well as the Curie temperature T_(C)=249.56 K,are determined using various methods,including the modified Arrott plots,the Kouvel-Fisher method,the Widom scaling method,and the critical isotherm *** results indicate that the tricritical mean-field model accurately represents the critical behavior of Cr_(1.04)Te_(2.A magnetic phase diagram with tricritical phenomenon is thus *** investigations confirm that the critical exponents obtained conform to the scalar equation near T_(C),indicating their self-consistency and *** work sheds light on the magnetic properties of quasi-2D Cr_(1.04)Te_(2),broadening the scope of the van der Waals crystals for developments of future spintronic devices operable at room temperature.

关键词： critical behavior van der Waals magnets self-intercalation magnetic measurement

Electrostatic Self-Assembly of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene/Cellulose Nanofiber Composite Films for Wearable Supercapacitor and Joule Heater

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 409-418页

作者： Guoqiang Zhou Xiao Wang Ting Wan Chaozheng Liu Weimin Chen Shaohua Jiang Jingquan Han Youguo Yan Meichun Li Changtong Mei Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210000China School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

The titanium carbide nanosheets(MXene)hold great potential for fabricating high-performance electronics due to their two-dimensional layered structure,high electrical conductivity,and versatile surface ***,assembling the small MXene nanosheets into flexible macroscopic films for wearable electronics still remains a ***,we report the hierarchical assembling of MXene nanosheets and cellulose nanofibers into high-performance composite films via an electrostatic self-assembly strategy induced by *** from the nacre-like microstructure of MXene"bricks"and cellulose nanofibers"mortars"interlocked by polyethyleneimine via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction,composite films possess integrated superior flexibility,high tensile strength,and stable electrical conductivity,which are advantageous for wearable electronic *** provide a proof-of-concept design,a symmetric quasi-solid-state supercapacitor with the as-prepared composite film as electrode is fabricated,which exhibits a specific capacitance of 93.9 mF cm^(-2)at a current density of 0.1 mA cm^(-2)and almost constant capacitive behavior under different bending *** addition,the composite film possesses capacities of electrothermal conversion and complete degradation in a hydrogen peroxide *** results demonstrate that the electrostatically self-assembled composite films hold great promise in the development of highly flexible,mechanically robust,and environmentally friendly energy storage and conversion devices.

关键词： cellulose nanofiber interfacial interaction Joule heater MXene supercapaaitor

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Distributed Secondary Control of AC Microgrids With External Disturbances and Directed Communication Topologies:A Full-Order Sliding-Mode Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2021年第3期8卷 554-564页

作者： Boda Ning Qing-Long Han Lei Ding Center for Smart Infrastructure and Digital Construction Swinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

This paper addresses the problem of distributed secondary control for islanded AC microgrids with external *** using a full-order sliding-mode(FOSM)approach,voltage regulation and frequency restoration are achieved in finite *** voltage regulation,a distributed observer is proposed for each distributed generator(DG)to estimate a reference voltage *** from some conventional observers,the reference voltage level in this paper is accurately estimated under directed communication *** on the observer,a new nonlinear controller is designed in a backstepping manner such that an FOSM surface is reached in finite *** the surface,the voltages of DGs are regulated to the reference level in finite *** frequency restoration,a distributed controller is further proposed such that a constructed FOSM surface is reached in finite time,on which the frequencies of DGs are restored to a reference level in finite time under directed communication ***,case studies on a modified IEEE 37-bus test system are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness,the robustness against load changes,and the plug-and-play capability of the proposed controllers.

关键词： Directed communication topologies distributed secondary control external disturbances full-order sliding-mode control microgrids

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Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： Mingcheng HU Andrew J.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2)O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and *** this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2)O sink (cumulative N_(2)O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2 178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O emission were not *** contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132%,125%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to *** TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood *** important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

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Modification of the CuO electronic structure for enhanced selective electrochemical CO_(2) reduction to ethylene

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7194-7202页

作者： Xin Wu Zhuang Tong Yunliang Liu Yaxi Li Yuanyuan Cheng Jingwen Yu Peng Cao Chunqiang Zhuang Qiuzhong Shi Naiyun Liu Xiang Liu Hongyu Liang Haitao Li Institute for Energy Research School of Energy and Power EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Institute of Medicine&Chemical Engineering Zhenjiang CollegeZhenjiang 212013China Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology School of Mechanical EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)can produce value-added hydrocarbons from renewable electricity,providing a sustainable and promising approach to meet dual-carbon targets and alleviate the energy ***,it is still challenging to improve the selectivity and stability of the products,especially the C^(2+) *** we propose to modulate the electronic structure of copper oxide(CuO)through lattice strain construction by zinc(Zn)doping to improve the selectivity of the catalyst to *** performance and in situ characterization analyses show that the compressive strain generated within the CuO lattice and the electronic structure modulation by Zn doping enhances the adsorption of the key intermediate*CO,thereby increasing the intrinsic activity of CO_(2)RR and inhibiting the hydrogen precipitation *** the best catalysts had significantly improved ethylene selectivity of 60.5%and partial current density of 500 mA·cm^(–2),and the highest C^(2+) Faraday efficiency of 71.47%.This paper provides a simple idea to study the modulation of CO_(2)RR properties by heteroatom doped and lattice strain.

关键词： CO_(2) reduction heteroatom-doped lattice strain ethylene selectivity