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Hydrochemistry of the meltwater streams on Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, antarctica

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2181-2193页

作者： YE Liping ZHANG Ruifeng SUN Qizhen JIN Jie ZHANG Jing State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Institute of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Polar Research and Forecast National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center

King George Island, situated in the South Shetland Islands archipelago, is one of the most visited sites in antarctica. antarctica attracts much attention because it is one of the most sensitive areas under the influence of global warming. To understand its hydrochemistry characteristics, we collected various types of water samples, including samples from streams, meltwaters, ground waters, snow and ice from around the Great Wall Station, Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, from January to February, 2015. Major ions, alkalinities, silicate, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and electric conductivities were measured. Several approaches were applied to identify processes that af fect the hydrochemistry on Fildes Peninsula, including ternary diagrams, principal components analysis and cluster analysis. Our data suggest that atmospheric seasalt deposition is the main factor controlling the hydrochemistry on Fildes Peninsula. After atmospheric influences were corrected for seasalt, we defined the weathering of local rocks to be another important factor on the Peninsula's hydrochemistry. Processes such as Ca dissolution from the Ca-bearing basalt, Si loss through secondary mineralization and biological uptake influence the chemical composition of runof fs on the peninsula. Cluster analysis identified 4 groups of streams based on their hydrochemical features, which reflect their original weathering characters under icecap and the combined effects with melt snow, biological activity and the anthropogenic input.

关键词： hydrochemistry runoffs seasalt water-rock interaction Fildes Peninsula antarctica

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Surface ozone variations at the Great Wall Station,antarctica during austral summer

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Advances in Polar Science 2020年第2期31卷 92-102页

作者： Justin SENTIAN Franky HERMAN Mohd Sharul MOHD NADZIR Vivian Kong WAN YEE Climate Change Research Group Faculty of Science and Natural ResourcesUniversiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia

Surface ozone(O3)is a secondary pollutant harmful to human health and a greenhouse gas which is one of the prime climate *** to the clean atmospheric environment of the antarctic region and given the complexity of O3 chemistry,the observation of surface O3 variability in this region is necessary in the quest to better understand the potential sources and sink of polar surface *** this paper,we highlighted our observations on O3 variability at the Great Wall Station(GWS)during austral summer in December 2018 and January *** continuous surface O3 measurement at the GWS,antarctica was carried out using the Ecotech Ozone *** understand the roles of the meteorological conditions on the temporal variations of O3,meteorological data was obtained from the conventional auto-observational station at the *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)model was employed to investigate the air mass transport over the *** observed austral summer surface O3 concentrations at the GWS exhibited variability and were significantly lower than those previously observed at other permanent coastal stations in *** surface ozone variability at the GWS was strongly influenced by the synoptic change of air mass origin although the roles of photochemistry production and destruction were still *** characteristics and stable surface O3 characterized the air masses that reached the *** unique characteristic of surface O3 at the coastal site of GWS was emphasized by its synoptic air mass characteristics,which displayed a significant influence on surface O3 *** mass that traveled over the ocean with relatively shorter distance was linked to the lower O3 level,whereby the marine transport of reactive bromine(Br)species was thought to play a significant role in the tropospheric chemistry that leads to O3 ***,the diurnal variation indicated that the O3 background concentration levels were n

关键词： surface ozone Great wall Station austral summer HYSPLIT

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Terahertz atmospheric windows for high angular resolution terahertz astronomy from Dome A

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Advances in Polar Science 2019年第1期30卷 76-80页

作者： Hiroshi MATSUO Shengcai SHI Scott PAINE Qijun YAO Zhenhui LIN National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Purple Mountain Observatory Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

Atmospheric transmission from Dome A, antarctica, presents new possibilities in the field of terahertz astronomy, where space telescopes have been the only observational tools until now. Using atmospheric transmission measurements from Dome A with a Fourier transform spectrometer, transmission spectra and long-term stabilities have been analyzed at 1.461 THz, 3.393 THz, 5.786 THz and 7.1 THz, which show that important atmospheric windows for terahertz astronomy open for a reasonable length of time in the winter season. With large aperture terahertz telescopes and interferometers at Dome A, high angular resolution terahertz observations are foreseen of atomic fine-structure lines from ionized gas and a water ice feature from protoplanetary disks.

关键词： terahertz astronomy atmospheric window Fourier transform spectroscopy terahertz telescope terahertz interferometry

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Incorporating mesopelagic fish into the evaluation of conservation areas for marine living resources under climate change scenarios

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 68-83页

作者： Shuhao Liu Yang Liu Katharina Teschke Mark AHindell Rachel Downey Briannyn Woods Bin Kang Shuyang Ma Chi Zhang Jianchao Li Zhenjiang Ye Peng Sun Jianfeng He Yongjun Tian Research Centre for Deep Sea and Polar Fisheries and Key Laboratory of MaricultureMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine ResearchAm Handelshafen 1227570 BremerhavenGermany Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University Oldenburg Ammerländer Heerstraße 23123129 OldenburgGermany Institute for Marine and antarctic Studies University of TasmaniaHobart 7004Australia Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2602Australia College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China

Mesopelagic fish(meso-fish)are central species within the Southern Ocean(SO).However,their ecosystem role and adaptive capacity to climate change are rarely integrated into protected areas *** is a pity given their importance as crucial prey and predators in food webs,coupled with the impacts of climate ***,we estimate the habitat distribution of nine meso-fish using an ensemble model approach(MAXENT,random forest,and boosted regression tree).Four climate model simulations were used to project their distribution under two representative concentration pathways(RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)for short-term(2006–2055)and long-term(2050–2099)*** addition,we assess the ecological representativeness of protected areas under climate change scenarios using meso-fish as indicator *** models show that all species shift poleward in the ***(family Myctophidae)are predicted to migrate poleward more than other families(Paralepididae,Nototheniidae,Bathylagidae,and Gonostomatidae).In comparison,lanternfishes were projected to increase habitat area in the eastern SO but lose area in the western SO;the opposite was projected for species in other *** areas(IAs)of meso-fish are mainly distributed near the antarctic Peninsula and East *** protected area cover 23% of IAs at present and 38%of IAs in the future(RCP8.5,long-term future).Many IAs of meso-fish still need to be included in protected areas,such as the Prydz Bay and the seas around the antarctic *** results provide a framework for evaluating protected areas incorporating climate change adaptation strategies for protected areas management.

关键词： Myctophids Mesopelagic fish Species distribution model Southern Ocean antarctic Peninsula

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Atmospheric mercury over the marine boundary layer observed during the third China arctic Research Expedition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第9期23卷 1424-1430页

作者： Hui Kang Zhouqing Xie Institute of Polar Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

TGM measurements on board ships have proved to provide valuable complementary information to measurements by a ground based monitoring *** the third China arctic Research Expedition （from July 11 to September 24,2008）,TGM concentrations over the marine boundary layer along the cruise path were in-situ measured using an automatic mercury vapor *** we firstly reported the results in Japan Sea,North Western Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea,where there are rare *** value ranged between 0.30 and 6.02 ng/m 3 with an average of （1.52 ± 0.68） ng/m 3 ,being slightly lower than the background value of Northern Hemisphere （1.7 ng/m 3 ）.Notably TGM showed considerably spatial and temporal ***,the average value of TGM in Bering Sea was higher than those observed in Japan Sea and North Western Pacific *** the north of Japan Sea TGM levels were found to be lower than 0.5 ng/m 3 during forward cruise and displayed obviously diurnal cycle,indicating potential oxidation of gaseous mercury in the *** pronounced episode was recorded as *** levels of TGM were observed in the coastal regions of southern Japan Sea during backward cruise due primarily to air masses transported from the adjacent mainland reflecting the contribution from anthropogenic *** ship returned back and passed through Kamchatka Peninsula TGM increased by the potential contamination from volcano emissions.

关键词： total gaseous mercury atmosphere marine boundary layer Japan Sea North Western Pacific Ocean Bering Sea

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Palaeo-sea-ice changes on the North Icelandic shelf during the last millennium:Evidence from diatom records

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第6期58卷 962-970页

作者： SHA LongBin JIANG Hui LIU YanGuang ZHAO MeiXun LI DongLing CHEN ZhenLou ZHAO Yun Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science East China Normal University Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Department of City Science Ningbo University

A high resolution record of sea-ice concentration on the North Icelandic shelf during the last millennium has been reconstructed using a diatom-based sea-ice transfer function. The reconstructed sea-ice record for the top of sediment core MD99–2275 exhibits a slightly increasing trend over the last 1000 years. Prior to AD 1300 sea-ice abundance was generally below the mean value, suggesting the strong influence of warm waters from the Irminger Current during the Medieval Warm Period. A marked increase of sea-ice concentration indicates an abrupt change to colder conditions after AD 1300, corresponding to the onset of the Little Ice Age. The agreement between the reconstructed sea-ice concentration and IP25 data obtained from the same core, as well as with historical records of Icelandic sea ice, suggests that diatoms may provide a valuable tool for future quantitative reconstructions of past sea-ice variability. In addition, agreement between changes in the reconstructed sea-ice record and variations in the abundance of the major diatom components indicates that sea-ice conditions on the North Icelandic shelf are generally strongly influenced by changes in the strength of two different water masses, the cold Polar water periodically derived from the East Greenland Current and the warm Irminger Current derived from the North Atlantic Current. Our proxy evidence also indicates that variations in solar activity have a considerable impact on ocean dynamics, which in turn affects sea-ice abundance.

关键词： palaeo-sea-ice changes North Icelandic shelf Medieval Warm Period Little Ice Age

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Nutrient maximums related to low oxygen concentrations in the southern Canada Basin

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第6期24卷 88-96页

作者： JIN Ming-ming SHI Jiuxin LU Yong CHEN Jianfang GAO Guoping WU Jingfeng ZHANG Haisheng Laboratory for Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Laboratory of Ocean Dynamic Processes and Satellite Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Laboratory for Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Laboratory of Ocean Dynamic Processes and Satellite Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Laboratory for Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China International Arctic Research Center University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks USA Laboratory for Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China

The phenomenon of nutrient maximums at 70～200 m occurred only in the regionof the Canada Basin among the world oceans. The prevailing hypothesis was that the direct injectionof the low-temperature high-nutrient brines from the Chukchi Sea shelf (arctic Bottom Water by the diagrams and vertical profiles of salinity, potentialtemperature, oxygen and nutrients. The historical ^(129)I data indicated that the surface andnear-surface waters were Pacific-origin, but the waters below the potential temperature maximum coredepth was Atlantic-origin. Along with the correlation of nutrient maximums and very low oxygencontents in the near-surface water, we hypothesize that, the putative organic matter was decomposedto inorganic nutrients; and the Pacific water was mixed with the Atlantic water in the transitionzone. The idea of the regeneration-mixture process agrees with the historical observations of noapparent seasonal changes, the smooth nutrient profiles, the lowest saturation of CaCO_3 above 400m, low rate of CFC-11 ventilation and ~3H-~3He ages of 8～18 a around the nutrient maximum depths.

关键词： nutrient maximum regeneration mixture water mass canada basin

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Evolution and impacts of the United States’arctic strategy and China’s responses

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Advances in Polar Science 2023年第2期34卷 144-152页

作者： LIAO Junjie PAN Min School of Political Science and International Relations Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

On 7 October,2022,the Biden administration released an updated version of the National Strategy for the arctic Region based on new developments in the arctic region and global *** strategy emphasizes traditional security issues in the arctic,attaches great importance to climate governance in the region,and advocates for restoring American leadership through international *** view of the strong influence of the United States(U.S.)in the arctic region,the changes of the *** strategy will inevitably have an impact on China’s scientific researchrights,economic interests,and governance rights in the arctic *** respond to the new situation brought about by the changes in the *** strategy,China should take the initiative to maintain positive relationships with all arctic countries,and continue its active participation in arctic affairs.

关键词： the United States’arctic strategy arctic security arctic governance

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Concentrations and distribution of novel brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere and soil of Ny-Alesund and London Island,Svalbard,arctic

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第11期32卷 180-185页

作者： Yanfen Hao Wenying Meng Yingming Li Xu Han Huili Lu Pu Wang Ruiqiang Yang Qinghua Zhang Guibin Jiang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenzhen 518055China

Novel brominated flame retardants(NBFRs)were investigated in arctic air and soil samples collected from Ny-?lesund and London Island,Svalbard,during chinese scientific research expeditions to the arctic during 2014–*** concentrations of 9 NBFRs in the arctic air and soil were 4.9–8.7 pg/m3(average 6.8 pg/m3)and 101–201 pg/g dw(average 150 pg/g dw),*** atmospheric concentration of hexabromobenzene(HBB)was significantly correlated with that of pentabromotoluene(PBT)and pentabromobenzene(PBBz),suggesting similar source and environmental fate in the arctic *** significant spatial difference was observed among the different sampling sites,both for air and soil samples,indicating that the effects of the scientific research stations on the occurrence of NBFRs in the arctic were *** fugacities from soil to air of pentabromoethylbenzene(PBEB),2,3-dibromopropyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether(DPTE),and decabromodiphenylethane 1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl)ethane(DBDPE)were lower than the equilibrium value,indicating a nonequilibrium state of these compounds between air and soil,the dominant impact of deposition and the net transport from air to *** correlation analysis between the measured and predicted soil-atmosphere coefficients based on the absorption model showed that the impact of the soil organic matter on the distribution of NBFRs in the arctic region was *** the best of our knowledge,this work is one of the limited reports on atmospheric NBFRs in the arctic and the first study to investigate the occurrence and fate of NBFRs in the arctic soil.

关键词： Novel brominated flame retardants arctic Soil Air Soil-atmosphere partitioning

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Modified Circumpolar Deep Water inflow to the Dotson-Getz Trough in the summers of 2020 and 2022

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Advances in Polar Science 2023年第2期34卷 80-90页

作者： XIE Chunhu SHI Jiuxin SUN Yongming JIANG Jindong Guy DWILLIAMS SHUAI Hongtao LIN Lijin XIAO Changhao CAO Yong WANG Kun Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Center for Ocean and Climate Research First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China

The melting of the West antarctic Ice Shelf has increased since the 1990s,driven by the relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW)that penetrates into the West antarctic Ice Shelf cavities through submarine glacial troughs across the continental *** this study,temperature,salinity,and current velocity data obtained by the chinese National antarctic Research Expedition in the Dotson-Getz Trough(DGT)shows clear differences in distribution of modified Circumpolar Deep Water(mCDW)in the summers of 2020 and *** with contemporaneous wind data and additional temperature and salinity data from instrumented seals,the processes and mechanisms responsible for this variation are *** with 2020,there is a significant increase in mCDW thickness in 2022,with a doubling of total heat content as the mCDW inflow path across the DGT shifts towards the eastern *** propose that a southward shift in the westerly winds in the summer of 2022 moved the upper oceanic divergence zone southward towards the continental slope,promoting the upwelling of mCDW above 500 ***,stronger westerly winds over the continental slope strengthened the eastward undercurrent,increasing the transport of this mCDW and its associated heat content to the DGT through Ekman *** observations show there is strong interannual variability in the strength,path and extent of mCDW inflows to the DGT and that care must be taken when planning observation programs for long-term monitoring of the oceanic heat input to the ice shelves of this globally significant region.

关键词： modified Circumpolar Deep Water wind Dotson-Getz Trough Amundsen Sea antarctica

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