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Disruption of biofilms from sewage pipes under physical and chemical conditioning

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第1期21卷 120-126页

作者： Charbel Mahfoud Antoine El Samrani Rita Mouawad Walid Hleihel Rim El Khatib Bruno S. Lartiges Nam Ouani Holy Spirit University of Kaslik(USEK) Faculty of Sciences and Computer Engineering Department of Chemistry and Life SciencesWater and Environment Laboratory. P.B. 446JouniehLebanon Nancy University LEM-ENSG/INPL-CNRSPole de l'Eau15Avenue du CharmoisBP 40-F-54501 Vandoeuvre CedexFrance

Biofilms grown inside two sewage collecting pipes located in industrial and residential areas are studied. Bacterial biomass inside three layers of biofilms was evaluated. Biofilm cohesion under different mixing rate and ionic strength was also investigated. Effects of physical and chemical parameters in the biofilms were evaluated by monitoring turbidity, chemical and biochemical oxygen demands. Extracted organic matter from biofilms was partitioned to polar, aromatic and saturated fractions using activated silica column chromatography. Results revealed that bacterial biomass growth depending on biofilm thickness and stratification. The most loaded stratum in bacteria/biomass was the sewage-biofilm interface stratum that represented 51% of the total bacteria/biomass. Stirring rate and ionic strength of mono- and bivalent salts showed a major influence in biofilm disruption. The stirring time enhanced the exchange dynamic and matter capture between biofilm fragments at the critical stirring rate 90 r/min. Sodium chloride showed the dispersing effect on biofilms in suspension, and decreased the BOD5 （biochemical oxygen demand） beyond the physiological salt concentration.

关键词： biofilms, biochemical oxygen demand (BODs) chemical oxygen demand (COD) biomass ionic strength

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An innovative intelligent system based on remote sensing and mathematical models for improving crop yield estimation

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第3期6卷 316-325页

作者： Mohamad M.Awad National Council for Scientific Research RemoteSensing CenterP.O.Box 11-8281BeirutLebanon

There are many crop yield estimation techniques which are used in countries around the world,but the most effective is the one based on remote sensing data and ***,remote sensing data which are needed to estimate crop yield is incomplete most of the time due to many obstacles such as climate conditions(percentage of cloud cover),and low temporal *** problems reduce the effectiveness of the known crop yield estimation techniques and render them *** was many attempts to solve these problems by using high temporal resolution and low spatial resolution ***,this type of images are suitable for very large homogeneous crop *** compensate for the lack of high spatial resolution satellite images,a new mathematical model is *** on the new mathematical model an intelligent system is implemented that includes the use of energy balance equation to improve the crop yield *** verify the results of the intelligent system,several farmers are interviewed and information about their crops yield is *** comparison between the estimated crop yield and the actual production in different fields proves the high accuracy of the intelligent system.

关键词： Crop yield Environment Remote sensing Image processing Evapotranspiration Intelligent system

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Heparan-mimetics:Potential agents of tissue regeneration for bone and periodontal therapies

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2021年第3期11卷 1-10页

作者： Maroun Bou Karam Joe El Khoury Carole Chakar Sylvie Changotade Didier Lutomski Nada Naaman Gaston Godeau Abdellatif Elm’selmi Ronald Younes Karim Senni Craniofacial Research Laboratory Faculty of Dental MedicineSaint Joseph University of BeirutLebanon Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dental MedicineSaint Joseph University of BeirutLebanon Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord Unite de Recherche Biomateriaux Innovants et InterfacesURB2IUR 4462F-93000BobignyFrance Universite de Paris F-92049MontrougeFrance EBInnov School of Industrial Biology-EBICergyFrance Department of Oral Surgery Faculty of Dental MedicineSaint Joseph University of BeirutLebanon

Heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans are key players of tissue repair and can be regarded as useful compounds for regenerative ***,their therapeutic uses face many technical,industrial,and regulatory hurdles due to their animal ***,some non-animal sulfated polysaccharides mimic heparan sulfate properties and offer interesting solutions to replace *** them,dextran derivatives,seaweed polysaccharides,or marine bacterial polysaccharides are the best known and have demonstrated their pro-regenerative capabilities by promoting both extracellular matrix structuring and angiogenesis and limiting degenerative processes such as inflammatory cell migration or tissue *** polysaccharides have also shown their ability to specifically promote osteoblastic differentiation and bone wound ***,recent works shows that heparan-mimetics can be used as an additive to improve the cytocompatibility of bone substitutes commonly used in periodontal *** use of these polysaccharides can be regarded as a clever approach to improve the biointegration of bone substitutes.

关键词： Bone biomaterials Periodontal surgery Heparan-mimetics Marine biotechnology Dextran derivatives Bacterial exopolysaccharides Fucoidans

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