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Spatio-temporal deposition profile of an experimentally produced turbidity current with a continuous suspension supply

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第3期37卷 299-306页

作者： Shun Nomura Giovanni De Cesare Mikito Furuichi Yasushi Takeda Hide Sakaguchi Mathematical science and Advanced Technology JAMSTEC Plateforme de Constructions Hydrauliques EPFL Laboratory of Food Process Engineering ETH Headquarters JAMSTEC

A turbidity current is a turbulent, particle-laden gravity current that is driven by density differences resulting from the presence of suspended sediment particles. The current travels downslope, bearing a large amount of sediment over a great distance, and forms fluvial and submarine bedforms. knowledge of the spatio-temporal deposition profile of turbidity-deposited sediment is important for a better understanding of sediment transport by turbidity currents. In the current study, the depositional process of experimentally produced quasi-steady turbidity currents in an inclined flume was investigated using an electrical-resistance-based depositmeter. It was found that the amount of sediment deposited along the flume bottom increases linearly with time at a specific rate, and decreases exponentially in the downstream direction. Inspired by this observation, the mass conservation law was modified for the suspension layer and a simple theoretical model was proposed involving two parameters, the initial sedimentation rate and the decay constant. The proposed model reproduces the observed data from the flume experiment with high accuracy, and is consistent with the sediment transport distance of a natural example, the Bengal Fan. It was concluded that the two parameters that govern the sedimentation process are the key to estimating the deposition profile of fluvial systems.

关键词： Turbidity current Deposition process Mass conservation law Electrical-resistance-based depositmeter Spatio-temporal investigation Flume experiment

The anti-oncogenic effect of 17-DMAG via the inactivation of HSP90 and MET pathway in osteosarcoma cells

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Oncology Research 2023年第5期31卷 631-643页

作者： MASANORI kAWANO kAZUHIRO TANAkA ICHIRO ITONAGA TATSUYA IWASAkI YUTA kUBOTA HIROSHI TSUMURA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityOita879-5593Japan

Heat shock protein(HSP)90 plays a crucial role in correcting the misfolded three-dimensional structure of proteins,assisting them in folding into proper ***90 is critical in maintaining the normal functions of various proteins within cells,as essential factors for cellular ***,HSP90 simultaneously supports the maturation of cancer-related proteins,including mesenchymal epithelial transition factor(MET)within tumor *** osteosarcoma cell lines had elevated MET expression in the cDNA array in our ***,a tyrosine kinase receptor,promotes proliferation and an anti-apoptotic state through the activation of the MET pathway constructed by *** this study,we treated osteosarcoma cells with an HSP90 inhibitor,17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydrochloride(17-DMAG),and assessed the changes in the MET signaling pathway and also the antitumor effect of the *** cell cycle in osteosarcoma cells administered 17-DMAG was found to be halted at the G2/M ***,treatment with 17-DMAG inhibited cell proliferation and induced *** of tumor cell proliferation was also observed in an in vivo model system,mice that were treated with *** on the results of this study,we were able to confirm that 17-DMAG promotes inhibition of osteosarcoma cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by inhibition of MET,a protein highly expressed in osteosarcoma *** approach may be useful for the establishment of a new treatment strategy for patients resistant to the standard treatment for osteosarcoma.

关键词： Osteosarcoma MET HSP90 17-DMAG

Effects of Public Transfers on Income Inequality and Poverty in Rural China

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China & World Economy 2022年第5期30卷 29-48页

作者： Hisatoshi Hoken Hiroshi Sato School of International Studies Kwansei Gakuin UniversityJapan Graduate School of Economics Hitotsubashi UniversityJapan

This study examines the impacts of public transfers on income inequality and poverty reduction in rural *** uses nationally representative rural household surveys from the China Household Income Project and classifies public transfers into threetypesuniversal,pro-poor,and reimbursable transfers-to compare the impacts of eachtype of public transfer in 2013and *** results show that the contributions of eachtypeof publictransfertoreducing incomeinequalityweregenerally small in both 2013 and ***,the effects of reimbursable transfers were the largest of the three *** also found that the poverty-reducing effects were the largest for reimbursabletransfers,and their impactshaveconsiderably improved inthewestern *** impacts of pro-poor transfers were intermediate but have developed notably in the central *** findings suggest that reimbursableand pro-poortransfers contributed mainly to reducing rural poverty but the impacts were heterogeneous among regions.

关键词： income inequality poverty public transfer rural policy social insurance

Morphomics via next-generation electron microscopy

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2023年第12期15卷 12-27页

作者： Raku Son kenji Yamazawa Akiko Oguchi Mitsuo Suga Masaru Tamura Motoko Yanagita Yasuhiro Murakawa Satoshi kume RIkEN-IFOM Joint Laboratory for Cancer Genomics RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical SciencesYokohama 230-0045Japan Department of Nephrology Graduate School of MedicineKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8507Japan Advanced Manufacturing Support Team RIKEN Center for Advanced PhotonicsWako 351-0198Japan Multimodal Microstructure Analysis Unit RIKEN–JEOL Collaboration CenterKobe 650-0047Japan Technology and Development Team for Mouse Phenotype Analysis RIKEN BioResource Research CenterTsukuba 305-0074Japan Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology(ASHBi) Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan IFOM—The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Milan 20139Italy Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health science RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics ResearchKobe 650-0047Japan Center for Health science Innovation Osaka City UniversityOsaka 530-0011Japan Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa 572-8530Japan

The living body is composed of innumerable fine and complex *** these structures have been studied in the past,a vast amount of information pertaining to them still remains *** attempting to observe these ultra-structures,the use of electron microscopy(EM)has become ***,conventional EM settings are limited to a narrow tissue area,which can bias ***,new trends in EM research have emerged,enabling coverage of far broader,nano-scale fields of view for two-dimensional wide areas and three-dimensional large ***,cutting-edge bioimage informatics conducted via deep learning has accelerated the quantification of complex morphological *** together,these technological and analytical advances have led to the comprehensive acquisition and quantification of cellular morphology,which now arises as a new omics science termed‘morphomics’.

关键词： comprehensive morphological analysis next-generation electron microscopy 3D bioimaging imaging database deep learning

Exome-wide variation in a diverse barley panel reveals genetic associations with ten agronomic traits in Eastern landraces

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第4期50卷 241-252页

作者： June-Sik kim kotaro Takahagi komaki Inoue Minami Shimizu Yukiko Uehara-Yamaguchi Asaka kanatani Daisuke Saisho Ryuei Nishii Alexander ELipka Takashi Hirayama kazuhiro Sato keiichi Mochida Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama 230-0045Japan Institute of Plant science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan kihara Institute for Biological Research Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 244-0813Japan Graduate School of Nanobioscience Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027Japan School of Information and Data sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki 852-8521Japan Department of Crop sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory RIKEN Baton Zone ProgramRIKEN Cluster for ScienceTechnology and Innovation HubYokohama 230-0045Japan

Barley(Hordeum vulgare ***)is one of the first crops to be domesticated and is adapted to a wide range of *** barley germplasm collections possess valuable allelic variations that could further improve barley *** barley genomics has offered a global picture of allelic variation among varieties and its association with various agronomic traits,polymorphisms from East Asian varieties remain *** this study,we analyze exome polymorphisms in a panel of 274 barley varieties collected worldwide,including 137 varieties from East Asian countries and *** reveal the underlying population structure and conduct genome-wide association studies for 10 agronomic ***,we examin genome-wide associations for traits related to grain size such as awn length and glume *** results demonstrate the value of diverse barley germplasm panels containing Eastern varieties,highlighting their distinct genomic signatures relative to Western subpopulations.

关键词： Barley Exome-seq Genome-wide association study(GWAS) Population structure Allelic variation

Relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive function in outpatients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment compared with community residents without dementia

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第8期19卷 594-602页

作者： Ai Hirasawa kumiko Nagai Taiki Miyazawa Hitomi koshiba Mami Tamada Shigeki Shibata koichi kozaki Department of Health and Welfare Faculty of Health SciencesKyorin UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Geriatric Medicine Faculty of MedicineKyorin UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Health and Sports science Faculty of WellnessShigakkan UniversityAichiJapan

BACkGROUND It is unclear whether the dementia patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and vascular dementia(VaD)and mixed dementia(MIX,including AD and VaD)would have more developed arterial stiffness as compared with local residents without *** aim of this study was to assess arterial stiffness and cognitive function in different types of dementia pa-tients[AD,VaD,MIX and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)]and community residents without *** This was a single-center,cross-sectional observational *** studied a cohort of 600 elderly outpatients with a complaint of memory loss,who were divided into four groups(AD,VaD,MIX and MCI).In addition,they were compared with 55 age-matched local residents without dementia(Controls).We assessed arterial stiffness by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and the global cognitive function by the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE).RESULTS The baPWV was higher in AD,VaD and MIX than in MCI and in Controls(P<0.05).The baPWV was higher in MCI than in Controls(P=0.021),while MMSE were compatible between them(P=0.119).The higher baPWV predicted the presence of AD,VaD,MIX and MCI with the odds ratio of 6.46,8.74,6.16 and 6.19,*** contrast,there were no difference in baPWV among three different types of dementia(P=0.191).The linear relationship between baPWV and MMSE was observed in the elderly with MMSE≥23(R=0.452,P=0.033),while it was not in dementia patients(MMSE<23).CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that MCI and dementia patients have stiffer arteries as compared with age-matched local residents,although global cognitive function may be comparable between MCI and the local residents.

关键词： arterial impairment stiffness

Weyl points and Dirac lines protected by multiple screw rotations

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science Bulletin 2017年第11期62卷 788-794页

作者： Akira Furusaki Condensed Matter Theory Laboratory RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan

In three-dimensional noncentrosymmetric materials two-fold screw rotation symmetry forces electron's energy bands to have Weyl points at which two bands *** is illustrated for space groups No.19(P2_12_12_1) and No.198(P2_13),which have three orthogonal screw rotation *** the case of space groups No.61(Pbca) and No.205(Pa-3) that have extra inversion symmetry,Weyl points are promoted to fourfold degenerate line nodes in glide-invariant *** three-fold rotation symmetry present in the space groups No.198 and No.205 allows Weyl and Dirac points,respectively,to appear along its rotation axes in the Brillouin zone and generates four-fold and six-fold degeneracy at the C point and R point,respectively.

关键词：旋转对称性狄拉克保护螺杆非中心对称空间群布里渊区转动轴

On fluorescence imaging:The diffusion equation model and recovery of the absorption coefficient of fluorophores

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science China Mathematics 2022年第6期65卷 1179-1198页

作者： Jijun Liu Manabu Machida Gen Nakamura Goro Nishimura Chunlong Sun School of Mathematics Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Institute for Medical Photonics Research Hamamatsu University School of MedicineHamamatsu 431-3192Japan Department of Mathematics Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan Research Institute for Electronic science Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0810Japan

To quantify fluorescence imaging of biological tissues,we need to solve an inverse problem for the coupled radiative transfer equations which describe the excitation and emission fields in biological *** begin by giving a concise mathematical argument to derive coupled diffusion equations with the Robin boundary condition as an approximation of the radiative transfer *** by using this coupled system of equations as a model for the fluorescence imaging,we have a nonlinear inverse problem to identify the absorption coefficient in this *** associated linearized inverse problem is to ignore the absorbing effect on the excitation *** firstly establish the estimates of errors on the excitation field and the solution to the inverse problem,which ensures the reasonability of the model approximation *** numerical verification is presented to show the validity of such a linearizing process ***,based on the analytic expressions of excitation and emission fields,the identifiability of the absorption coefficient from the linearized inverse problem is rigorously analyzed for the absorption coefficient in the special form,revealing the physical difficulty of the3-dimensional imaging model by the back scattering diffusive system.

关键词： fluorescence imaging diffusion equation inverse problem linearization error estimates identifiability

Fundamentals in CO2 capture of Na2CO3 under a moist condition

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第5期26卷 972-983页

作者： Hongchao Luo Hirofumi kanoh Graduate School of science Chiba University1-33 Yayoi-ChoInage-KuChibaJapan

Capacity and kinetics of COcapture of NaCOwere studied to determine the mechanism for COsequestration under ambient conditions. Bicarbonate formation of NaCOwas examined by a thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） under various COand water vapor concentrations and the accompanying structural changes of NaCOwere demonstrated by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. Morphological variations were observed during the reaction of COcapture through scanning electron microscope（SEM）. Structural changes and morphological variations, which occurred during the course of the reaction, were then connected to the kinetic and exothermic properties of the COcapture process from the XRD and SEM measurements. The results showed that the bicarbonate formation of NaCOhas two different *** higher COand HO concentrations, the bicarbonate formation proceeded effectively. However, for lower COand HO concentrations, the reactions were more complicated. The formation of NaCO·HO from NaCOas the first step, followed by the subsequent formation of NaH（CO）, and then the bicarbonate formation proceeds. To understand such fundamental properties in COcapture of NaCOis very important for utilization of NaCOas a sorbent for COcapture.

关键词： CO2 capture Sodium carbonate Moist condition Bicarbonate formation