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Effects of erect panicle genotype and environment interactions on rice yield and yield components

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 716-726页

作者： WANG Yuan-zheng Olusegun IDOWU WANG Yun HOMMA Koki NAKAZAKI Tetsuya ZHENG Wen-jing XU Zheng-jin SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko Rice Research Institute Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110101P.R.China Division of Agronomy and Horticulture Science Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Super Rice BreedingMinistry of EducationShenyang 110866P.R.China Division of Biological Resource Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8576Japan

The dense and erect panicle (EP) genotype conferred by DEP1 has been widely used in the breeding of high-yield Chinese japonica rice ***,the breeding value of the EP genotype has rarely been determined at the plant population ***,the effects of the interaction of EP genotype and the environment at different locations and times on rice yield and its various components were investigated in this *** sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs)of EP and non-EP (NEP) genotypes with Liaojing 5 (LG5) and Akitakomachi (AKI) backgrounds were grown in the field in 2016 and 2017 in Shenyang,China,and Kyoto,*** 2018,these sets were grown only in Kyoto,*** average yields of the EP and NEP genotypes were 6.67 and 6.13 t ha^(-1)for the AKI background,and 6.66 and 6.58 t ha^(-1)for the LG5 background,*** EP genotype positively affected panicle number (PN) and grain number per square meter (GNPM),mostly resulting in a positive effect on harvest index (HI).In contrast,the EP genotype exerted a negative effect on thousand-grain weight (KGW).The ratio of the performance of the EP genotype relative to the NEP genotype in terms of yield and total biomass correlated positively with mean daily solar radiation during a 40-day period around *** results indicate that the effectiveness of the EP genotype depends on the availability of solar radiation,and the effect of this genotype is consistently positive for sink formation,conditional in terms of source capacity,and positive in a high-radiation environment.

关键词： erect panicle genotype by environment interaction rice(Oryza sativa L.) solar radiation yield

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Base flow separation for soil erosion simulation in a granitic forested headwater catchment using a process-based model, GeoWEPP

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 494-502页

作者： Takuhei Yamasaki Shoichiro Hamamoto Taku Nishimura The Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo

Distributed erosion models, which simulate the physical processes of water flow and soil erosion, are effective for predicting soil erosion in forested catchments. Although subsurface flow through multiple pathways is dominant for runoff generation in forested headwater catchments, the process-based erosion model, Geo-spatial interface for Water Erosion Prediction Project(Geo WEPP), does not have an adequate subsurface component for the simulation of hillslope water flow. In the current study, the quick flow related to soil erosion during rainfall events is separated from the total hydrograph using base flow separation for Geo WEPP to use direct runoff to predict sediment discharge from a granitic-forested catchment in Japan. Water runoff and sediment discharge also are simulated using the conventional method that reproduces the total hydrograph, and the accuracy of the calculation and estimated erodibility parameters are evaluated. The proposed procedure reproduced the quick-flow runoff during rainfall and the cumulative sediment discharge from the catchment. Simultaneously, the proposed procedure overestimates water runoff during extreme weather events, such as typhoons. The estimated erodibility parameters for the hillslope soil were comparable to those of the surface soil in Japan using both the proposed procedure and the conventional one. Conversely, the channel erodibility obtained from the proposed procedure matched the observed sediment characteristics in the granitic forested catchment. The proposed procedure is a promising method to predict sediment discharge from forested catchments based on the geological features of the catchment.

关键词： Soil erosion Base flow separation GeoWEPP Headwater catchment Forest

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Protective role of electrophile-reactive glutathione for DNA damage repair inhibitory effect of dibromoacetonitrile

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 305-314页

作者： Yukako Komaki Koki Suganuma Yuko Ibuki Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences University of ShizuokaShizuoka 422-8526Japan

Dibromoacetonitrile(DBAN) is a disinfection byproduct(DBP) and linked with cancer in rodents, but the mechanism of its carcinogenicity has not been fully elucidated. We recently reported that DBAN induced inhibition of nucleotide excision repair(NER). In this study, we investigated if glutathione(GSH) is involved in the DBAN-induced inhibition of NER. Human keratinocytes Ha Ca T were pretreated with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine(BSO) to deplete intracellular GSH. BSO treatment markedly potentiated the DBAN-induced NER inhibition as well as intracellular oxidation. The recruitment of NER proteins(transcription factor IIH, and xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group G) to DNA damage sites was inhibited by DBAN, which was further exacerbated by BSO treatment. Our results suggest that intracellular GSH protects cells from DBAN-induced genotoxicity including inhibition of DNA damage repair.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Haloacetonitriles Pyrimidine dimers Glutathione DNA damage repair

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Chemical Interpretation on the Multi-Stage Oxidation of Diethyl Ether

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 513-520页

作者： SAKAI Yasuyuki NAKAMURA Hisashi SUGITA Toru TEZUKA Takuya UYGUN Yasar Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Ibaraki UniversityIbaraki 316-8511Japan Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku UniversityMiyagi 980-8577Japan Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku UniversityMiyagi 980-8579Japan Mathematics and Logistics Jacobs University BremenBremen 28759Germany

Multi-stage ignition and/or double NTC(negative temperature coefficient)behavior resulted from the low-temperature oxidation of ether compounds are still not clearly *** have investigated the oxidation mechanism of a stoichiometric DEE(diethyl ether)/air mixture by using a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile to see the detail of low-temperature weak flame *** simulation was also performed to understand the chemical kinetics mechanism of observed weak flame *** measurement showed separated weak flame in the temperature range of 600 K-800 *** simulation also qualitatively reproduced this separated weak flame,and showed four peak of heat *** the reaction flow analysis,it was found that(1)O-O bond scission reaction of keto-hydroperoxide produced by DEE,(2)O-O bond scission reaction of CH3O2H,CH3CO3H,and C2H5O2H,(3)O-O bond scission reaction of H2O2,and(4)H+O2=O+OH are key chain branching reactions to explain the multi-stage oxidation.

关键词： diethyl ether micro flow reactor weak flame multi-stage oxidation reaction path

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Effects of Zr/Mo addition on He bubble formation in Y_(2)O_(3)-added W alloys

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Tungsten 2022年第3期4卷 203-211页

作者： Qiu Xu M.Miyamoto Lai-Ma Luo Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto UniversityOsaka590-0494Japan Shimane University Shimane690-8504Japan School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230031China

To improve the mechanical properties of the Y_(2)O_(3)-added W alloy,Mo and Zr were independently added to a sample of W-Y_(2)O_(3).In this study,the effects of minor additions of elemental Mo and Zr on He bubble formation in the Y_(2)O_(3)added W alloys were investigated at 773 K,973 K,and 1173 K,where the maximum irradiation fluence of the samples using 5 keV He ions was 1.8×10^(21) He m^(−2).He bubbles were observed at all temperatures for both alloys;however,the irradiation fluences at which He bubbles could be observed differed at each *** increase in irradiation temperature,the He irradiation fluence for which the formation of He bubbles could be observed *** the relatively low temperature of 773 K,the void swelling in the W-Mo-Y_(2)O_(3)and W-Zr-Y_(2)O_(3)alloys was slightly lower than that of W-Y_(2)O_(3)***,at high temperature of 973 K and 1173 K,the He irradiation resistances of both W-Mo-Y_(2)O_(3)and W-Zr-Y_(2)O_(3)were worse than that of W-Y_(2)O_(3).The addition of Zr enhanced the interaction between vacancies and He,enhancing the formation of He ***,the addition of Mo coarsened the Y_(2)O_(3)particles,reducing the suppression of vacancy cluster formation due to the dispersion of Y_(2)O_(3)*** is,therefore,necessary to fully consider mechanical properties and T-retention in addition to the irradiation resistance of He to select an alloy as the plasma-facing material for fusion applications.

关键词： W-Y_(2)O_(3)alloy He bubble Mo Zr

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Integrally Closed Ideals of Reduction Number Three

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代数集刊:英文版 2023年第2期30卷 315-324页

作者： Shinya Kumashiro National Institute of Technology(KOSEN) Oyama College 771 NakakukiOyamaTochigi323-0806Japan

In a Cohen-Macaulay local ring(A,m),we study the Hilbert function of an integrally closed m-primary ideal I whose reduction number is three.,With a mild assump-tion we give an inequality ιA(A/I)≥e0(I)-e1(I)+(e2(I)+lA(I^(2)/QI)/2,where ei(I)denotes the ith Hilbert coeficient and Q denotes a minimal reduction of *** inequality is located between inequalities of Itoh and ***,this inequality be-comes an equality if and only if the depth of the associated graded ring of I is larger than or equal to dim *** also study the Cohen-Macaulayness of the associated graded rings of determinantal rings.

关键词： Hilbert function Rees algebra associated graded ring Sally module Cohen-Macaulay ring

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Reading impairment after neonatal hypoglycemia with parietotemporo-occipital injury without cortical blindness:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3899-3906页

作者： Naoko Kurahashi Shunsuke Ogaya Yuki Maki Norie Nonobe Sumire Kumai Yosuke Hosokawa Chikako Ogawa Keitaro Yamada Koichi Maruyama Kiyokuni Miura Miho Nakamura Department of Pediatric Neurology Central HospitalAichi Developmental Disability CenterKasugai 480-0392AichiJapan Department of Pediatrics Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Division of Neonatology Center for Maternal-Neonatal Care Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Department of Pediatrics Tokyo Metropolitan Fuchu Medical Center for the DisabledFuchu 183-0042TokyoJapan Department of Functioning and Disability Institute for Developmental ResearchAichi Developmental Disability CenterKasugai 480-0392AichiJapan Okazaki Medical Center for Child Development Okazaki 444-0011AichiJapan

BACKGROUND Perinatal brain injury may lead to later neurodevelopmental disorders,whose outcomes may vary due to neuroplasticity in young *** neuroimaging studies have shown that the left parietotemporal area(which includes the left inferior parietal lobe)is associated with phonological awareness and decoding skills,which are essential skills for reading acquisition in ***,the literature on the effect of perinatal cerebral injury on the development of phonological awareness or decoding ability in childhood is *** SUMMARY We report the case of an 8-year-old boy who presented with reading difficulty following a perinatal injury in the parieto-temporal-occipital *** patient was born at term and was treated for hypoglycemia and seizures during the neonatal ***-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging on postnatal day 4 revealed cortical and subcortical hyperintensities in the parieto-temporo-occipital *** the age of 8 years,physical examination was unremarkable,aside from mild *** occipital lobe injury,the patient had adequate visual acuity,normal eye movement,and no visual field ***-scale intelligence quotient and verbal comprehension index on Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition were 75 and 90,*** assessment revealed adequate recognition of Japanese Hiragana ***,he had significantly slower reading speed in the Hiragana reading test than control *** phonological awareness test revealed significant errors(standard deviation+2.7)in the mora reversal *** Patients with perinatal brain injuries in the parietotemporal area require attention and may benefit from additional reading instructions.

关键词： Brain diseases Hypoglycemia Dyslexia Long-term care Education Case report

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Root pruning is effective in alleviating the inhibition of soybean growth caused by anaerobic stress for a short period

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第4期22卷 1035-1044页

作者： Koji YAMANE Miki MARIYAMA Yoshihiro HIROOKA Morio IIJIMA Graduate School of Agriculture Kindai UniversityNara 631-8505Japan

Soybean is an important upland crop,but its productivity is often limited by anaerobic stress caused by *** ability to adjust root growth under environmental constraints is an important physiological trait for adapting to an everchanging environment,and root pruning is an artificial technique for regenerating the root *** the present study,we investigated whether root pruning in soybean can effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of anaerobic *** plants were affected by anaerobic stress at the germination,vegetative stage 1(V1),and reproductive stage 1(R1)stages,and then the plants were treated with root pruning just after the stress *** plants at the germination stage were treated with root cap and tip removals after hypoxia(N_(2)treatment).Root cap removal was more effective in suppressing the inhibitory effects of hypoxia than root tip removal(5 mm from the tip).The shoot dry weights of the soybean plants with and without root cap removal after hypoxia were 51.2 and 73.8%of the control,respectively,while the root dry weights of plants with and without root cap removal after hypoxia were 43.2 and 62.8%of the control,*** root cap removal effectively enhanced soybean growth after anaerobic stress,the root cap may be the candidate tissue for the stress memory *** soybean plants at the V1 stage of growth were affected by anaerobic stress,the branch number,pod weight in the main stem,root length,and root surface area of the soybean plants treated with anaerobic stress at the R1 stage significantly decreased compared with those of the *** contrast,root pruning(2 mm from the tip)immediately after the stress treatment enhanced root growth,branch number,and pod *** branch number,pod weight,root length,and root surface area of the plants treated with root pruning were 1.13,1.14,1.12,and 1.13 times higher than those of plants treated with anaerobic *** was observed in the roo

关键词： crack fertilization nodulation control root cap removal stress memory waterlogging

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Development of Bio-cultured Artificial Muscles with High Design Flexibility

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1635-1645页

作者： Hirono Ohashi Shunsuke Shigaki Ryo Teramae Masahiro Shimizu Koh Hosoda Department of Systems Innovation Osaka University1-2MachikaneyamaToyonakaOsaka560-0043Japan

Recent advances in bionics have made it possible to create various tissue and *** this cell culture technology,engineers have developed a robot driven by three-dimensional cultured muscle cells(bioactuator)—a muscle cell *** more applications,researchers have been developed various tissues and organs with bio3D ***,three-dimensional cultured muscle cells printed by bio3D printer have been not used for muscle cell robot *** aim of our study is to develop easy fabrication method of bioactuator having high design flexibility like as bio3D *** fabricated three-dimensional cultured muscle cells using mold and dish having pin which can contribute to shape and cell *** this study,we observed that our method maintained the shape of three-dimensional cultured muscle cells and caused cell alignment which is important for bioactuator *** named three-dimensional cultured muscle cells developed in this study“bio-cultured artificial muscle(BiCAM)”.Finally,we observed that BiCAM contracted in response to electrical *** these data,we concluded our proposed method is easy fabrication method of bioactuator having high design flexibility.

关键词： Three-dimensional cultured muscle cells Bio-cultured artificial muscle Skeletal muscle cell Tissue engineering

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Zinc-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes:Mechanism Underlying Pore Generation

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第2期6卷 100-112页

作者： Shigeyuki Umezawa Takashi Douura Koji Yoshikawa Daisuke Tanaka Vlad Stolojan S.Ravi P.Silva Mika Yoneda Kazuma Gotoh Yasuhiko Hayashi Seiwa Electric Mfg.Co.Ltd. Kyoto 610-0192Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityOkayama 700-8350Japan School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin UniversityHyogo 669-1337Japan JST PRESTO2-1 GakuenHyogo 669-1337Japan Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuilfordSurreyGU27XHUK

Heat treatment of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)has provided a wide variety of functional carbons coordinated with metal *** this study,two kinds of zinc-based MOF(ZMOF),C_(16)H_(10)O_(4)Zn(ZMOF1)and C_(8)H_(4)O_(4)Zn(ZMOF2),were ***1 and ZMOF2 were carbonized at 1000℃,forming CZMOF1 and CZMOF2,*** specific surface area(S_(BET))of CZMOF2 was~2700 m^(2)g^(−1),much higher than that of CZMOF1(~1300 m^(2)g^(−1)).A supercapacitor electrode based on CZMOF2 achieved specific capacitances of 360,278,and 221 F g^(−1)at 50,250,and 1000 mA g^(−1)in an aqueous electrolyte(H2SO_(4)),respectively,the highest values reported to date for ZMOF-derived electrodes under identical *** practical applicability of the CZMOF-based supercapacitor was verified in non-aqueous *** initial capacitance retention was 78%after 100000 charge/discharge cycles at 10 A g^(−1).Crucially,the high capacitance of CZMOF2 arises from pore generation during *** 1000℃,pore generation is dominated by the Zn/C ratio of ZMOFs,as carbon atoms reduce the zinc oxides formed during *** 1000℃,a high O/C ratio becomes essential for pore generation because the oxygen functional groups are *** findings will provide insightful information for other metal-based MOFderived multifunctional carbons.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks pore generation porous carbons supercapacitor zinc oxides

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