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Multiscale mechanical modeling of hydrated cement paste under tensile load using the combined DEM-MD method

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 270-278页

作者： Yue HOU Linbing WANG National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Joint USTB-Virginia Tech Lab on Multifunctional Materials USTB Beijing Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

In this paper, a combined DEM-MD method is proposed to simulate the crack failure process of Hydrated Cement Paste （HCP） under a tensile force. A three-dimensional （3D） multiscale mechanical model is established using the combined Discrete Element Method （DEM）-Molecular Dynamics （MD） method in LAMMPS （Large-scale Atomic/ Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator）. In the 3D model, HCP consists of discrete particles and atoms. Simulation results show that the combined DEM-MD model is computationally efficient with good accuracy in predicting tensile failures of HCP.

关键词： hydrated cement paste multiscale MD simulation DEM

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Intersection-pavement de-icing: comprehensive review and the state of the practice

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： ZhaoHui Joey Yang University of Alaska Anchorage

Winter maintenance operations are crucial for pedestrian and motorist safety and public mobility on urban streets and highways in cold regions, especially during winter storms. This study provides a comprehensive literature review of existing deicing technologies, with emphasis on electrical resistance-heating deicing technologies for possible applications in areas with concentrated traffic, such as street intersections and crosswalks. A thorough review of existing and emerging deicing technology for snow/ice melting was conducted. The performance of various deicing methods was evaluated and the installation and operation cost of the electrical resistance-heating methods compared. Finally, current state of the practice of intersection/crosswalk winter maintenance was surveyed among state departments of transportation in North America. The intersection/crosswalk winter maintenance procedure adopted by the State of Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities was described, and the annual winter maintenance and operation cost per intersection was estimated. It was found that the annual energy cost of an electrical resistance-heating method such as the carbon-fiber-tape deicing technology is about the same as the average annual maintenance and operation cost of current practice. In addition, an automatic electrical resistance-heating deicing system will bring benefits such as minimized delay time and improved safety for pedestrian and vehicular traffic in an urban application.

关键词： deicing technology intersection crosswalk electric resistance heating state of the practice

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Recent advances in traffic signal performance evaluation

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第4期9卷 507-531页

作者： Dallas Leitner Piro Meleby Lei Miao Department of Engineering Technology Middle Tennessee State UniversityMurfreesboroTN 37132USA

Signal retiming is a prominent way that transportation agencies use to fight congestion and change of traffic *** evaluations of traffic conditions at signalized intersections and arterials provide actionable data for agencies to make well-informed and prioritized signal retiming ***,the abundance of data sources,the lack of standardized evaluation methods and oftentimes the shortage of resources make it a difficult *** review detailed in this paper examines the advances made in traffic signal performance *** establish the necessity for the evaluations,study the process of continuous improvement of traffic signal performance using the evaluations,and then examine multiple methodologies in a plethora of research ***,we focus on probe vehicles and sensors data,the two major sources of *** discuss how sensors are connected to signal controllers to provide relevant in-depth traffic data including speed and occupancy *** also review the nature of probe vehicles and the level of *** then define and summarize performance measures derived from both sources,to aid in performance *** performance evaluation methods,we discuss the research studies and provide summaries including advantages and disadvantages of the methods used,as well as a holistic outlook for future *** paper is aimed to provide a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art to benefit researcher,traffic agencies,and commercial entities that thrive to improve safety and efficiency of traffic signals through performance evaluations.

关键词： Intelligent transportation systems Traffic signal performance evaluation Traffic signal retiming Traffic signals optimization Intersection control evaluation

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