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The antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variants aggregated 10 high-frequency mutations in RBD has not changed sufficiently to replace the current vaccine strain

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 492-501页

作者： Jiajing Wu Jianhui Nie Li Zhang Hao Song Yimeng An Ziteng Liang Jing Yang Ruxia Ding Shuo Liu Qianqian Li Tao Li Zhimin Cui Mengyi Zhang Peng He Youchun Wang Xiaowang Qu Zhongyu Hu Qihui Wang Weijin Huang Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)102629 BeijingChina Research Network of Immunity and Health(RNIH) Beijing Institutes of Life ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE)CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID)Chinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina Division of Hepatitis and Enteric Viral Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products102629 BeijingChina Translational Medicine Institute First People’s Hospital of ChenzhouUniversity of South ChinaChenzhouChina CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences100101 BeijingChina

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants are the most serious problem for COVID-19 prophylaxis and *** determine whether the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine strain should be updated following variant emergence like seasonal flu vaccine,the changed degree on antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2 variants and H3N2 flu vaccine strains was *** neutralization activities of Alpha,Beta and Gamma variants’spike protein-immunized sera were analysed against the eight current epidemic variants and 20 possible variants combining the top 10 prevalent RBD mutations based on the Delta variant,which were constructed using pseudotyped ***,the neutralization activities of convalescent sera and current inactivated and recombinant protein vaccine-elicited sera were also examined against all possible Delta *** HA protein-expressing DNAs elicited-animal sera were also tested against eight pseudotyped viruses of H3N2 flu vaccine strains from 2011–*** results indicate that the antigenicity changes of possible Delta variants were mostly within four folds,whereas the antigenicity changes among different H3N2 vaccine strains were approximately 10–*** analysis of the antigenic characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 and H3N2 mutations supports the neutralization *** study indicates that the antigenicity changes of the current SARS-CoV-2 may not be sufficient to require replacement of the current vaccine strain.

关键词： vaccine antigenicity variants

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Accelerating into Immunization Agenda 2030 with momentum from China’s successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign during dynamic COVID Zero

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第5期12卷 87-90页

作者： Lance E.Rodewald National Immunization Program China CDCDepartment of the National Immunization ProgramChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China

China’s immunization programs conducted a unified,tightly coordinated COVID-19 vaccination campaign during the dynamic COVID Zero period that reached well over 90%of the population with vaccines having>90%effectiveness against serious-to-fatal *** campaign was eight times the size of the annual routine national immunization program,administering 3.4 billion doses of vaccines while monitoring vaccine coverage,acceptability,safety,and *** asset of the routine immunization program had to be strengthened and expanded to attain high coverage and reach hundreds of millions of adults who had not been vaccinated since *** strengthening and expansion were in directions aligned with the World Health Organization’s Immunization Agenda 2030,which has a vision that"everyone,everywhere,at every age fully benefits from vaccines for good health and well-being"and requires reaching all children,adolescents,and adults with lifesaving *** from this campaign should not be lost but should be invested into achieving what is possible with a properly resourced national immunization program that is now proven to be capable of reaching everyone in the world’s largest country throughout the life course,and to do so with all vaccines recommended by the World Health Organization.

关键词： Vaccines Immunization Immunization program Immunization Agenda 2030 COVID-19 Life course vaccination

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A potential solution for food security in Kenya:implications of the Quzhou model in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第4期7卷 406-417页

作者： Xiaoqiang JIAO Jianbo SHEN Fusuo ZHANG National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Department of Plant NutritionCollege of Resources and Environmental ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Poor soil fertility due to low nutrient inputs is a major factor limiting grain production in *** soil fertility for crop productivity in China has implications for food security in *** purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the historical patterns of grain production,nutrient inputs,soil fertility and policies in Quzhou,a typical agricultural county on the North China Plain,and to compare grain production in Quzhou County and Kenya to identify a potential approach for increasing grain production in *** yields in Quzhou increased from 1 to 3 t$ha–1 between 1961 and 1987 by increasing manure application accompanied by small amounts of chemical fertilizer after soil *** was a further increase from 3 to 5 t$ha–1 up to 1996 which can be mainly attributed to chemical fertilizer use and policy ***,a beneficial cycle between soil fertility and plant growth in Quzhou grain production was developed and *** contrast,there was only a slight increase in grain yields in Kenya over this period,resulting from low soil fertility with limited external nutrient inputs,a consequence of poor socioeconomic *** is suggested that grain yields in Kenya would likely be boosted by the development of a selfreinforcing cycling between soil fertility and plant growth with manure and chemical fertilizer use if supported by policy and socioeconomic development.

关键词： China grain production Kenya soil fertility

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Mapping the high burden areas of cholera in Nepal for potential use of oral cholera vaccine: An analysis of data from publications and routine surveillance systems

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第3期13卷 107-114页

作者： Chulwoo Rhee Birendra Prasad Gupta Bibek Kumar Lal Jacqueline Kyungah Lim TAnh Wartel JuliaLynch Sushant Sahastrabuddhe International Vaccine Institute(IVI) SeoulRepublic of Korea Epidemiology and Disease Control Division Department of Health ServicesMinistry of Health and PopulationKathmanduNepal

Objective:To assess the extent of existing published evidence on cholera and to characterize the epidemiologic data of cholera in ***:We conducted a literature scoping review by summarizing published literature reporting on cholera in Nepal from January 1946 to March 2019 in online databases:MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane,and Global ***,we reviewed national surveillance data on clinically diagnosed and laboratory confirmed cholera reported by the Ministry of Health and ***:Most of the published studies were conducted predominantly in Kathmandu Valley during the rainy season;however,outbreaks have been reported in other parts of Nepal including Terai,Hilly and Mountain *** literature review exhibited that all age groups were affected by cholera,but particularly children and young adults were at-risk age groups in *** cholerae serogroup O1,biotype El Tor,serotype Ogawa has been predominantly isolated with an emergence of resistant strains since *** mass vaccination campaigns using oral cholera vaccines were conducted:Rautahat district in 2014 and Banke district in ***:Capacity building for a nation wide systematic cholera surveillance with rapid and reliable diagnosis is needed to better estimate the burden of cholera and identify geographically at-risk areas associated with the disease in *** is essential for developing an adequate policy on oral cholera vaccine introduction and effective water,sanitation and hygiene interventions.

关键词： Cholera Outbreak Oral cholera vaccine Surveillance Nepal

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Global Stability of a Mumps Transmission Model with Quarantine Measure

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2021年第4期37卷 665-672页

作者： Yu-zhen BAI Xiao-jing WANG Song-bai GUO School of Science Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing102616China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

In this paper,a model of mumps transmission with quarantine measure is proposed and then the control reproduction number Rc of the model is *** model admits a unique endemic equilibrium P*if and only if Rc>1,while the disease-free equilibrium P0 always *** using the technique of constructing Lyapunov functions and the generalized Lyapunov-LaSalle theorem,we first show that the equilibrium P0 is globally asymptotically stable(GAS)if Rc≤1;second,we prove that the equilibrium P*is GAS if Rc>*** results reveal that mumps can be eliminated from the community for Rc≤1 and it will be persistent for Rc>1,and quarantine measure can also effectively control the mumps transmission.

关键词： mumps transmission model control reproduction number quarantine measure global stability

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A systems approach using OSMAC,Log P and NMR fingerprinting:An approach to novelty

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第4期2卷 276-286页

作者： Miaomiao Liu Tanja Grkovic Xueting Liu Jianying Han Lixin Zhang Ronald J.Quinn Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD4111Australia Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The growing number of sequenced microbial genomes has revealed a remarkably large number of secondary metabolite biosynthetic clusters for which the compounds are still *** aim of the present work was to apply a strategy to detect newly induced natural products by cultivating microorganisms in different fermentation *** metabolomic analysis of 4160 fractions generated from 13 actinomycetes under 32 different culture conditions was carried out by 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate *** principal component analysis(PCA)of the 1H NMR spectra showed a clear discrimination between those samples within PC1 and *** fractions with induced metabolites that are only produced under specific growth conditions was identified by PCA *** method allows an efficient differentiation within a large dataset with only one fractionation *** work demonstrates the potential of NMR spectroscopy in combination with metabolomic data analysis for the screening of large sets of fractions.

关键词： NMR fingerprints OSMAC Metabolites

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Transmission dynamics model and the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic:applications and challenges

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Medical Review 2022年第1期2卷 89-109页

作者： Jinxing Guan Yang Zhao Yongyue Wei Sipeng Shen Dongfang You Ruyang Zhang Theis Lange Feng Chen Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166JiangsuChina China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health Center for Global HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166JiangsuChina Center of Biomedical BigData Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166JiangsuChina Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Since late 2019,the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,transmission dynamics models have achieved great development and were widely used in predicting and ***,we provided an introduction to the history of disease transmission,summarized transmission dynamics models into three main types:compartment extension,parameter extension and population-stratified extension models,highlight the key contribution of transmission dynamics models in COVID-19 pandemic:estimating epidemiological parameters,predicting the future trend,evaluating the effectiveness of control measures and exploring different possibilities/***,we pointed out the limitations and challenges lie ahead of transmission dynamics models.

关键词： compartment model coronavirus disease 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia SEIR SIR transmission dynamics model.

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The impact of EV71 vaccination program on hand,foot and mouth disease in Zhejiang Province,China:A negative control study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1088-1096页

作者： Dashan Zheng Lingzhi Shen Wanqi Wen Feng Ling Ziping Miao Jimin Sun Hualiang Lin Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510080China Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HangzhouZhejiang310051China

Objective:To estimate the potential causal impact of Enterovirus A71(EV71)vaccination program on the reduction of EV71-infected hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Zhejiang ***:We utilized the longitudinal surveillance dataset of HFMD and EV71 vaccination in Zhejiang Province during *** estimated vaccine efficacy using a Bayesian structured time series(BSTS)model,and employed a negative control outcome(NCO)model to detect unmeasured confounding and reveal potential causal ***:We estimated that 20,132 EV71 cases(95%CI:16,733,23,532)were prevented by vaccination program during 2017-2019,corresponding to a reduction of 29%(95%CI:24%,34%).The effectiveness of vaccination increased annually,with reductions of 11%(95%CI:6%,16%)in 2017 and 66%(95%CI:61%,71%)in *** under 5 years old obtained greater benefits compared to those over 5 *** with higher vaccination coverage experienced a sharper EV71 reduction compared to those with lower *** NCO model detected no confounding factors in the association between vaccination and EV71 cases reduction.

关键词： Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD) Bayesian structure time series model Enterovirus A71(EV71)vaccine Negative control outcome

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Genome editing in grass plants

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aBIOTECH 2020年第1期1卷 41-57页

作者： Si Nian Char Bing Yang Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA

Cereal crops including maize,rice,wheat,sorghum,barley,millet,oats and rye are the major calorie sources in our daily life and also important bioenergy sources of the *** rapidly advancing and state-of-the-art genome-editing tools such as zinc finger nucleases,TAL effector nucleases,and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated systems(CRISPR-Cas9-,CRISPR-Cas12a-and CRISPR/Cas-derived base editors)have accelerated the functional genomics and have promising potential for precision breeding of grass *** the availability of annotated genomes of the major cereal crops,application of these established genome-editing toolkits to grass plants holds promise to increase the nutritional value and ***,these easy-to-use and robust genome-editing toolkits have advanced the reverse genetics for discovery of novel gene functions in crop *** this review,we document some of important progress in development and utilization of genome-editing tool sets in grass *** also highlight present and future uses of genome-editing toolkits that can sustain and improve the quality of cereal grain for food consumption.

关键词： Genome editing Cereal crops ZFNs TALENs CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas12a Base editor

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COVID-19 Vaccine Allocation: Modeling Health Outcomes and Equity Implications of Alternative Strategies

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Engineering 2021年第7期7卷 924-935页

作者： Maddalena Ferranna Daniel Cadarette David E.Bloom Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health BostonMA 02115USA

Given the scarcity of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines,a chief policy question is how to allocate them among different sociodemographic *** paper evaluates COVID-19 vaccine prioritization strategies proposed to date,focusing on their stated goals;the mechanisms through which the selected allocations affect the course and burden of the pandemic;and the main epidemiological,economic,logistical,and political issues that arise when setting the prioritization *** paper uses a simple,agestratified susceptible–exposed–infectious–recovered model applied to the United States to quantitatively assess the performance of alternative prioritization strategies with respect to avoided deaths,avoided infections,and life-years *** demonstrate that prioritizing essential workers is a viable strategy for reducing the number of cases and years of life lost,while the largest reduction in deaths is achieved by prioritizing older adults in most scenarios,even if the vaccine is effective at blocking viral *** regarding this property and potential delays in dose delivery reinforce the call for prioritizing older ***,we investigate the strength of the equity motive that would support an allocation strategy attaching absolute priority to essential workers for a vaccine that reduces infectionfatality risk.

关键词： Vaccine allocation COVID-19 Equity SEIR model

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