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Accuracy of triage strategies for human papillomavirus DNA-positive women in low-resource settings:A cross-sectional study in China

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第6期29卷 496-509页

作者： Margaret Wang Shangying Hu Shuang Zha o Wenhua Zhang Qinjing Pan Xun Zhang FengChen Jinxiu Han Junfei Ma Jennifer S.Smith Youlin Qiao Caihong Zhou Fanghui Zhao Department of Cancer Epidemiology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Pritzker School of Medicine University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637-5415USA UJMT Fogarty Consortium NIH Fogarty International CenterBethesdaMD 20892-2220USA Department of Gynecological Oncology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Cytology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Pathology National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Wuxiang Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center Changzhi 046300China Xiangyuan Maternal and Child Health Care and Family Planning Service Center Changzhi 046200China Department of Epidemiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599-7435USA Department of Education National Cancer Center/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective： CareHPV is a human papillomavirus （HPV） DNA test for low-resource settings （LRS）. This study assesses optimum triage strategies for careHPV-positive women in LRS. Methods： A total of 2,530 Chinese women were concurrently screened for cervical cancer with visual inspection with acetic acid （VIA）, liquid-based cytology and HPV testing by physician- and self-collected careHPV, and physician-collected Hybrid Capture 2 （HC2）. Screen-positive women were referred to colposcopy with biopsy and endocervical curettage as necessary. HPV-positivity was defined as _〉1.0 relative light units/cutoff （RLU/CO） for both careHPV and HC2. Primary physician-HC2, physician-careHPV and self-careHPV and in sequential screening with cytology, VIA, or increased HPV test-positivity performance, stratified by age, were assessed for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia （CIN） grade 2/3 or worse （CIN2/3＋） detection. Results： The sensitivities and specificities of primary HPV testing for CIN2＋ were： 83.8%, 88.1% for physician- careHPV; 72. 1%, 88.2% for self-careHPV; and 97.1%, 86.0% for HC2. Physician-careHPV test-positive women with VIA triage had a sensitivity of 30.9% for CIN2＋ versus 80.9% with cytology triage. Self-careHPV test- positive women with VIA triage was 26.5% versus 66.2 % with cytology triage. The sensitivity of HC2 test-positive women with VIA triage was 38.2 % versus 92.6% with cytology triage. The sensitivity of physician-careHPV testing for CIN2＋ decreased from 83.8% at _〉1.0 RLU/CO to 72.1% at _〉10.00 RLU/CO, while the sensitivity of self- careHPV testing decreased from 72.1% at _〉1.0 RLU/CO to 32.4% at _〉10.00 RLU/CO; similar trends were seen with age-stratification. Conclusions： VIA and cytology triage improved specificity for CIN2/3 than no triage. Sensitivity with VIA triage was unsuitable for a mass-screening program. VIA provider training might improve this strategy. Cytology triage could be feasible where a high-quality cytology program exists. Triage of HPV t

关键词： Cervical cancer human papillomavirus careHPV testing screening triage

Association Between Ambient Temperature and Years of Life Lost from Stroke—30 PLADs,China,2013–2016

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China CDC weekly 2021年第23期3卷 485-489,I0001-I0006页

作者： Jinlei Qi Fei Tian Siqi Ai Peng Yin Maigeng Zhou Lijun Wang Hualiang Lin National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdongChina

What is already known about this topic?Previous studies have mainly focused on the relationship between temperature and mortality from stroke,but analysis on the effects on years of life lost(YLL)is *** is added by this report?YLLs were used as the health outcome,and cold and hot weather were found to be significantly associated with an increase in YLLs from stroke and for different groups,with a stronger effect found to be associated with low *** are the implications for public health practice?These findings could help identify vulnerable regions and populations that have a more serious temperaturerelated burden and to guide the practical and effective measures for stroke control from a YLL perspective.

关键词： temperature. mortality finding

Development of New Submergence Tolerant Rice Variety for Bangladesh Using Marker-Assisted Backcrossing

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Rice science 2015年第1期22卷 16-26页

作者： Khandakar Md IFTEKHARUDDAULA Helal Uddin AHMED Sharmistha GHOSAL Zakiah Rahman MONI Al AMIN Md Shamsher ALI Plant Breeding Division Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Submergence tolerant high yielding rice variety was developed using BR11 as a recipient parent applying foreground, phenotypic and background selection approaches. Recombinant selection was found essential to minimize linkage drag by BC2F2 generation. Without recombinant selection, the introgression size in the backcross recombinant lines （BRLs） was approximately 15 Mb on the carrier chromosome. The BRLs were found submergence tolerance compared to the check varieties under complete submergence for two weeks at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, and produced higher yield compared to the isogenic Subl-line under controlled submerged condition. The BRL IR85260-66-654-Gaz2 was released as BRRI dhan52 in 2010, which was the first high yielding submergence tolerant variety in Bangladesh. BRRI dhan52 produced grain yield ranging from 4.2 to 5.2 t/hm2 under different flash flood prone areas of Bangladesh in three consecutive seasons. The study demonstrated the efficiency of recombinant selection and better adaptability of the newly released submergence tolerant high yielding variety in flash flood prone different areas of the country with respect to submergence tolerance and yield potential.

关键词： backcross recombinant line marker-assisted backcrossing recombinant selection rice submergence tolerance

Modelling the Emerging COVID-19 Epidemic and Estimating Intervention Effectiveness—Taiwan,China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2021年第34期3卷 716-719页

作者： Weikang Liu Wenjing Ye Zeyu Zhao Chan Liu Bin Deng Li Luo Jiefeng Huang Yao Wang Jia Rui Benhua Zhao Yanhua Su Shenggen Wu Kun Chen Jianming Ou Tianmu Chen State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics School of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention FuzhouFujianChina

Introduction:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic recently affected Taiwan,*** study aimed to calculate the transmissibility of COVID-19 to predict trends and evaluate the effects of ***:The data of reported COVID-19 cases was collected from April 20 to May 26,2021,which included daily reported data(Scenario I)and reported data after adjustment(Scenario II).A susceptibleexposed-symptomatic-asymptomatic-recovered model was developed to fit the *** effective reproductive number(Reff)was used to estimate the transmissibility of ***:A total of 4,854 cases were collected for the *** Scenario I,the intervention has already taken some effects from May 17 to May 26(the Reff reduced to 2.1).When the Reff was set as 0.1,the epidemic was projected to end on July 4,and a total of 1,997 cases and 855 asymptomatic individuals would have been *** Scenario II,the interventions were projected as having been effective from May 24 to May 26(the Reff reduced to 0.4).When the Reff was set as 0.1,the epidemic was projected to end on July 1,and a total of 1,482 cases and 635 asymptomatic individuals would have been ***:The epidemic of COVID-19 was projected to end after at least one month,even if the most effective interventions were applied in Taiwan,*** there were some positive effects of intervention in Taiwan,China.

关键词： Taiwan China COV

Science and Technology Backyard model:implications for sustainable agriculture in Africa

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第4期7卷 390-400页

作者： Xiaoqiang JIAO Derara Sori FEYISA Jasper KANOMANYANGA Ngula David MUTTENDANGO Shingirai MUDARE Amadou NDIAYE Bilisuma KABETO Felix Dapare DAKORA Fusuo ZHANG National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Department of Plant NutritionCollege of Resource and Environmental ScienceChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Chemistry Tshwane University of TechnologyPretoria 0001South Africa

Sustainable food production to feed the growing population in Africa remains a major *** has 64%of the global arable land but produces less than 10%of its food locally due to its inherently low soil nutrient *** soil fertility and a lack of fertilizer use are the major constraints to increasing crop yields in *** average only about 8.8 kg NPK fertilizer is applied per hectare by African smallholder *** is therefore considerable potential for increasing food production through sustainable intensification of the cropping *** low crop yields in Africa are also partly due to limited farmer access to modern agronomic techniques,including improved crop varieties,a lack of financial resources,and the absence of mechanisms for dissemination of information to *** study analyzed the Science and Technology Backyards(STBs)model and investigated its use for the transformation of agriculture in *** key lessons for sustainable crop intensification in Africa can be found from analysis of the STB model which is well established in *** include(1)scientist-farmer engagement to develop adaptive and innovative technology for sustainable crop production,(2)dissemination of technology by empowering smallholders,especially leading farmers,and(3)the development of an open platform for multiple resource involvement rather than relying on a single *** review evaluates the benefits of the STB model used in China for adoption to increase agricultural productivity in Africa,with a perspective on sustainable crop intensification on the continent.

关键词： sustainable agriculture Africa smallholder Science and Technology Backyards

Drug research and development opportunities in low-and middle-income countries:accelerating traditional medicine through systematic utilization and comprehensive synergy

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 77-80页

作者： Guangqi Liu Yan Xie Yinuo Sun Kaixuan Zhang Jiyan Ma Yangmu Huang Department of Global Health Peking University School of Public Health38 Xue Yuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Institute for Global Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Background:Though the utilization of traditional medicine has been proposed for modern drug research and development(R&D),limited research has discussed its feasible *** this commentary,we summarized key factors for new drug R&D under limited resources by reviewing China’s discovery of artemisinin,and raised suggestions to utilize traditional medicines in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).Main text:We suggested that systematic utilization of traditional medicine,outstanding synergy of research units at all levels and timely information-sharing mechanism should be achieved to establish a comprehensive and efficient R&D system,especially under low-resource *** the case of artemisinin discovery,Chinese scientists integrated documented traditional medicine experiences and modern approaches to develop drug candidates *** to limited R&D resources,China adopted a collaborative way,motivating nearly all domestic research units at different levels,to develop antimalarial ***,the excellent synergy among all units through efficient information-sharing mechanisms greatly avoided work repetition and accelerated the R&D ***:Traditional medicines inspires drug discoveries in LMICs,while a comprehensive and efficient R&D system could accelerate its R&D process and save *** discovery of artemisinin in China gave a reliable pattern to promote sustainable development of traditional medicines and a good example to realize R&D of traditional medicine under low-resource settings.

关键词： Traditional medicine Research and development Low-and middle-income countries

Willingness of Caregivers to Have Their Children Vaccinated with Pneumococcal Vaccines in the Context of an Innovative Immunization Strategy—Weifang City,Shandong Province,2021

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China CDC weekly 2022年第20期4卷 421-425,I0002-I0004页

作者： Yuan Yang Ting Zhang Yan Wang Libing Ma Shuyun Xie Jian Zhou Weiran Qi Qing Wang Peixi Dai Yuanze Du Luzhao Feng Chunping Wang Weizhong Yang Division of Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Weifang Medical University Weifang CityShandong ProvinceChina Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilin CityGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Weifang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Weifang CityShandong ProvinceChina.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Pneumococcal diseases(PDs)pose a serious health threat to *** is the most costeffective intervention to prevent PDs,but pneumococcal vaccines coverage among children is low in *** is added by this report?This study investigated the willingness of children’s caregivers to have their children vaccinated with pneumococcal vaccines under an innovative policy to offer 1-dose of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines at no charge to *** research found that 70.51%of caregivers were willing to have their infants receive pneumococcal vaccines and that reducing the cost of vaccines may increase caregivers’*** are the implications for public health practice?This is the first evaluation in China of acceptance of pneumococcal vaccines among children under a 1-dose,cost-free *** results provide scientific evidence for updating local and national pneumococcal immunization strategies to promote the use of the pneumococcal vaccine.

关键词： cost policy Strategy

First Report of a Successful Development of Yam Hybrids(Dioscorea alata L.)from Lyophilized and Long-Term Stored Pollens

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国际实验植物学杂志(英文) 2023年第10期92卷 2861-2874页

作者： Erick Malédon Elie Nudol Christophe Perrot Marie-Claire Gravillon Ronan Rivallan Denis Cornet Hâna Chair Komivi Dossa CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutPetit BourgGuadeloupe97170France UMR AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierF-34398France CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierF-34398France

Various biological constraints including erratic and asynchronous flowering between male and female plants hinder successful hybrid development and genetic gains in greater yam breeding ***,pollen storage has gained much attention to facilitate artificial pollinations and increase the genetic *** 4-year study aimed at developing a practical long-term pollen storage technique for the successful development of yam *** pollens were collected from two Dioscorea alata males,then lyophilized(two lyophilization treatments were applied),followed by storage at room temperature(24℃–25℃)for 12 ***,the lyophilized and stored pollens were tested for viability by crossing with four female *** results showed that lyophilization is effective for achieving viable pollens after 12 months of *** 1(48 h drying)showed higher pollen germination and fertility rates than Treatment 2(72 h drying).Although we observed a reduction in viability of lyophilized pollens after 12 months of storage,we generated hybrid seedlings with success rates from 12%to 21%compared to 21%–31%when using fresh *** testing based on molecular genotyping confirmed the hybrid status of the obtained seedlings,which grew well in a *** is a practical approach for a long-term storage of greater yam pollen *** protocol will positively impact yam breeding programs particularly in developing countries.

关键词： Yam freeze-drying pollen conservation genetic gain

Phage engineering： how advances in molecular biology and synthetic biology are being utilized to enhance the therapeutic potential of bacteriophages

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2017年第1期5卷 42-54页

作者： Russell Brown Andreas Lengeling Baojun Wang School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FF UK Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3FF UK Infection and Immunity Division The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH25 9RG UK

Background： The therapeutic potential of bacteriophages has been debated since their first isolation and characterisation in the early 20th century. However, a lack of consistency in application and observed efficacy during their early use meant that upon the discovery of antibiotic compounds research in the field of phage therapy quickly slowed. The rise of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and improvements in our abilities to modify and manipulate DNA, especially in the context of small viral genomes, has led to a recent resurgence of interest in utilising phage as antimicrobial therapeutics. Results： In this article a number of results from the literature that have aimed to address key issues regarding the utility and efficacy of phage as antimicrobial therapeutics utilising molecular biology and synthetic biology approaches will be introduced and discussed, giving a general view of the recent progress in the field. Conclusions： Advances in molecular biology and synthetic biology have enabled rapid progress in the field of phage engineering, with this article highlighting a number of promising strategies developed to optimise phages for the treatment of bacterial disease. Whilst many of the same issues that have historically limited the use of phages as therapeutics still exist, these modifications, or combinations thereof, may form a basis upon which future advances can be built. A focus on rigorous in vivo testing and investment in clinical trials for promising candidate phages may be required for the field to truly mature, but there is renewed hope that the potential benefits of phage therapy may finally be realised.

关键词： bacteriophage phage therapy phage engineering synthetic biology