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Perspective on new cell-free DNA technologies for early cancer detection

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 139-143页

作者： Jie Li Xun Lan Department of Basic Medical Sciences School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High cancer heterogeneity and aggressiveness are major factors contributing to the poor prognosis of patients with advanced cancer~(1-5).Early detection of cancer can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with early-stage cancer after standard *** traditional cancer detection technologies,such as endoscopy for gastrointestinal cancer,mammography for breast cancer。

关键词： prognosis cancer patients

SECONDARY CRITICAL EXPONENT AND LIFE SPAN FOR A DOUBLY SINGULAR PARABOLIC EQUATION WITH A WEIGHTED SOURCE

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2016年第1期36卷 244-256页

作者：郑攀穆春来胡学刚张付臣 Department of Applied Mathematics Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing University Chongqing 401331 China College of Mathematics and Statistics Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067 China

This paper deals with the Cauchy problem for a doubly singular parabolic equation with a weighted source ut=div｜u｜p-2um）＋｜x｜α uq ,（x,t）∈RN×（0,t）,where N ≥ 1, 1 〈 p 〈 2, m 〉 max（0,3 -p/N} satisfying 2 〈 p＋m 〈 3, q 〉 1, and（α 〉 N（3 - p - m） - p. We give the secondary critical exponent on the decay asymptotic behavior of an initial value at infinity for the existence and non-existence of global solutions of the Cauchy problem. Moreover, the life span of solutions is also studied.

关键词： life span secondary critical exponent doubly singular parabolic equation weighted source blow-up

Controlled Stochastic Partial Differential Equations for Rabbits on a Grassland

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2020年第2期36卷 262-282页

作者： Suzanne LENHART Xiao TANG Jie XIONG Jiong-min YONG Department of Mathematics University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-1320USA Department of Mathematics.Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055China Department of Mathematics University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

A new approach to modeling populations incorporating stochasticity,a random environment,and individual behavior is illustrated with a specific example of two interacting populations:rabbits and *** derivation of the system of stochastic partial differential equations(SPDEs)to show how the individual mechanisms of both populations are *** model also has an unusual feature of a nonlocal *** harvesting of the rabbit population is introduced as a control variable.

关键词： Stochastic partial differential equation tightness optimal control population model

Modeling transmission dynamics of lyme disease: Multiple vectors, seasonality, and vector mobility

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2019年第1期4卷 28-43页

作者： Aileen Nguyen Joseph Mahaffy Naveen K.Vaidya Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State UniversityCalifornia92182USA Computational Science Research Center San Diego State UniversityCalifornia92182USA Viral Information Institute San Diego State UniversityCalifornia92182USA

Lyme disease is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the United States,which humans acquire from an infected tick of the genus Ixodes(primarily Ixodes scapularis).While previous studies have provided useful insights into various aspects of Lyme disease,the tick's host preference in the presence of multiple hosts has not been considered in the existing *** this study,we develop a transmission dynamics model that includes the interactions between the primary vectors involved:blacklegged ticks(***),white-footed mice(Peromyscus leucopus),and white-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus).Our model shows that the presence of multiple vectors may have a significant impact on the dynamics and spread of Lyme *** on our model,we also calculate the basic reproduction number,R 0,a threshold value that predicts whether a disease exists or dies *** extensions of the model consider seasonality of the tick's feeding period and mobility of deer between *** results suggest that a longer tick peak feeding period results in a higher infection ***,while the deer mobility may not be a primary factor for short-term emergence of Lyme disease epidemics,in the long-run it can significantly contribute to local infectiousness in neighboring counties,which eventually reach the endemic steady state.

关键词： Lyme disease Migration Mathematical models Multiple hosts Seasonality Tick's host preference

Modeling transmission dynamics of rabies in Nepal

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 284-301页

作者： Buddhi Pantha Sunil Giri Hem Raj Joshi Naveen K.Vaidya Department of Science and Mathematics Abraham Baldwin Agricultural CollegeTiftonGAUSA Department of Mathematics Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFLUSA Department of Mathematics Xavier UniversityCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Computational Science Research Center San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Viral Information Institute San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA

Even though vaccines against rabies are available,rabies still remains a burden killing a significant number of humans as well as domestic and wild animals in many parts of the world,including *** this study,we develop a mathematical model to describe transmission dynamics of rabies in *** particular,an indirect interspecies transmission from jackals to humans through dogs,which is relevant to the context of Nepal,is one of the novel features of our *** model utilizes annual dog-bite data collected from Nepal for a decade long period,allowing us to reasonably estimate parameters related to rabies transmission in *** our model,we calculated the basic reproduction number(R_(0)=1:16)as well as intraspecies basic reproduction numbers of dogs(R_(0)^(D)=1:14)and jackals(R_(0)^(J)=0:07)for Nepal,and identified that the dog-related parameters are primary contributors to *** results show that,along with dogs,jackals may also play an important role,albeit lesser extent,in the persistence of rabies in *** model also suggests that control strategies may help reduce the prevalence significantly but the jackal vaccination may not be as effective as dog-related preventive *** get deeper insight into the role of intraspecies and interspecies transmission between dog and jackal populations in the persistence of rabies,we also extended our model analysis into a wider parameter ***,for some feasible parameters,even though rabies is theoretically controlled in each dog and jackal populations(R_(0)^(D)1)due to interspecies *** results may be useful to design effective prevention and control strategies for mitigating rabies burden in Nepal and other parts of the world.

关键词： Interspecies transmission Intraspecies transmission Mathematical models Nepal Rabies R_(0)

Progressive learning with multi-scale attention network for cross-domain vehicle re-identification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第6期65卷 33-47页

作者： Yang WANG Jinjia PENG Huibing WANG Meng WANG School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Information Science and Technology College Dalian Maritime University School of Cyber Security and Computer Hebei University

Vehicle re-identification(reID) aims to identify vehicles across different cameras that have nonoverlapping views. Most existing vehicle reID approaches train the reID model with well-labeled datasets via a supervised manner, which inevitably causes a severe drop in performance when tested in an unknown domain. Moreover, these supervised approaches require full annotations, which is limiting owing to the amount of unlabeled data. Therefore, with the aim of addressing the aforementioned problems, unsupervised vehicle reID models have attracted considerable attention. It always adopts domain adaptation to transfer discriminative information from supervised domains to unsupervised ones. In this paper, a novel progressive learning method with a multi-scale fusion network is proposed, named PLM, for vehicle reID in the unknown domain, which directly exploits inference from the available abundant data without any annotations. For PLM, a domain adaptation module is employed to smooth the domain bias, which generates images with similar data distribution to unlabeled target domain as “pseudo target samples”. Furthermore, to better exploit the distinct features of vehicle images in the unknown domain, a multi-scale attention network is proposed to train the reID model with the “pseudo target samples” and unlabeled samples; this network embeds low-layer texture features with high-level semantic features to train the reID model. Moreover, a weighted label smoothing(WLS) loss is proposed, which considers the distance between samples and different clusters to balance the confidence of pseudo labels in the feature learning module. Extensive experiments are carried out to verify that our proposed PLM achieves excellent performance on several benchmark datasets.

关键词： data adaptation module weighted label smoothing loss multi-scale attention network vehicle re-identification

The generalized partial transposition criterion for infinite-dimensional quantum systems

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第3期59卷 279-285页

作者： Siqing Yan Yu Guo Jinchuan Hou College of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology Department of Mathematics Shanxi Datong University

The positive partial transposition(PPT)criterion and the realignment criterion constitute two of the most important criteria for detecting *** generalized partial transposition(GPT)criterion which contains the PPT criterion and the realignment criterion as special cases,provides a necessary condition for a multipartite state to be *** we extend the GPT criterion to the infinitedimensional multipartite(bipartite)case and show that it includes multipartite(bipartite)PPT criterion and multipartite(bipartite)realignment criterion as special cases as well.

关键词：局部换位标准量子系统无限维广义 PPT GPT 无穷维

Quantum self-attention neural networks for text classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 301-313页

作者： Guangxi LI Xuanqiang ZHAO Xin WANG Institute for Quantum Computing Baidu Research Centre for Quantum Software and Information University of Technology Sydney QICI Quantum Information and Computation Initiative Department of Computer ScienceThe University of Hong Kong Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Information HubHong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)

An emerging direction of quantum computing is to establish meaningful quantum applications in various fields of artificial intelligence, including natural language processing(NLP). Although some efforts based on syntactic analysis have opened the door to research in quantum NLP(QNLP), limitations such as heavy syntactic preprocessing and syntax-dependent network architecture make them impracticable on larger and real-world data sets. In this paper, we propose a new simple network architecture, called the quantum selfattention neural network(QSANN), which can compensate for these limitations. Specifically, we introduce the self-attention mechanism into quantum neural networks and then utilize a Gaussian projected quantum self-attention serving as a sensible quantum version of self-attention. As a result, QSANN is effective and scalable on larger data sets and has the desirable property of being implementable on near-term quantum devices. In particular, our QSANN outperforms the best existing QNLP model based on syntactic analysis as well as a simple classical self-attention neural network in numerical experiments of text classification tasks on public data sets. We further show that our method exhibits robustness to low-level quantum noises and showcases resilience to quantum neural network architectures.

关键词： quantum neural networks self-attention natural language processing text classification parameterized quantum circuits

Plasmonic-perovskite solar cells,light emitters,and sensors

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第1期8卷 1-28页

作者： Bin Ai Ziwei Fan Zi Jing Wong Department of Aerospace Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering Chongqing University400044 ChongqingP.R.China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bioperception&Intelligent Information Processing 400044 ChongqingP.R.China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

The field of plasmonics explores the interaction between light and metallic micro/nanostructures and *** collective oscillation of free electrons on metallic surfaces enables subwavelength optical confinement and enhanced light-matter *** optoelectronics,perovskite materials are particularly attractive due to their excellent absorption,emission,and carrier transport properties,which lead to the improved performance of solar cells,lightemitting diodes(LEDs),lasers,photodetectors,and *** perovskite materials are coupled with plasmonic structures,the device performance significantly improves owing to strong near-field and far-field optical enhancements,as well as the plasmoelectric ***,we review recent theoretical and experimental works on plasmonic perovskite solar cells,light emitters,and *** underlying physical mechanisms,design routes,device performances,and optimization strategies are *** review also lays out challenges and future directions for the plasmonic perovskite research field toward next-generation optoelectronic technologies.

关键词： perovskite light collective