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Do brood parasitic Common Cuckoos develop brood patches during the breeding season?

Avian research 2024年第3期15卷 363-368页

作者： Jun-Seo Go Hae-Ni Kim Sue-Jeong Jin Myeong-Chan Cha Heesoo Lee Jin-Won Lee Korea Institute of Ornithology&Department of Biology Kyung Hee University02447SeoulRepublic of Korea Bird research SaeZiP 12504YangpyeongRepublic of Korea

Many birds develop brood patches on their ventral apterium under hormonal regulation to effectively transmit body heat to eggs during *** developed patch has several characteristics,including de-feathering,vascularization,and ***,little is known about whether avian brood parasites that do not incubate their eggs exhibit brood patch development during the breeding *** this study,we measured the size of the ventral apterium in 114 Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus)captured in the field throughout the breeding season and examined the appearance of the ventral apterium to confirm the development of brood *** also examined whether morphological traits and various factors correlated with the size of the ventral apterium(sternal apterium and abdominal apterium)and how it changed during the breeding *** found no clear signs of brood patch development in Common Cuckoos captured throughout the breeding season,indicating that they likely did not develop brood patches on the ventral apterium during this *** also found that ventral apterium size was positively correlated with wing length and body *** addition,Common Cuckoos with newly growing feathers on the boundary of the ventral apterium with pteryla were frequently observed as seasons progressed to the *** conclusion,Common Cuckoos exhibit neither brood patch development nor the vestigial characteristics of ancestral brood patches,except for the growth of feathers on boundary the ventral *** studies examining brood patches across different groups of avian brood parasites are valuable for enhancing our understanding of the developmental and physiological adaptations of avian brood parasites.

关键词： Brood parasitism Brood patch Common Cuckoo Pterylosis Re-feathering Ventral apterium

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Negative Stiffness Mechanism on An Asymmetric Wave Energy Converter by Using A Weakly Nonlinear Potential Model

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 689-700页

作者： Sunny Kumar POGULURI Dongeun KIM Yoon Hyeok BAE Department of Ocean Engineering IIT MadrasChennaiIndia Multidisciplinary Graduate School Program for Wind Energy Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea Mechanical and System Design Engineering Hongik UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Salter's duck,an asymmetrical wave energy converter(WEC)device,showed high efficiency in extracting energy from 2D regular waves in the past;yet,challenges remain for fluctuating wave *** can potentially be addressed by adopting a negative stiffness mechanism(NSM)in WEC devices to enhance system efficiency,even in highly nonlinear and steep 3D waves.A weakly nonlinear model was developed which incorporated a nonlinear restoring moment and NSM into the linear formulations and was applied to an asymmetric WEC using a time domain potential flow *** model was initially validated by comparing it with published experimental and numerical computational fluid dynamics *** current results were in good agreement with the published *** was found that the energy extraction increased in the range of 6%to 17%during the evaluation of the effectiveness of the NSM in regular *** irregular wave conditions,specifically at the design wave conditions for the selected test site,the energy extraction increased by 2.4%,with annual energy production increments of approximately *** findings highlight the potential of NSM in enhancing the performance of asymmetric WEC devices,indicating more efficient energy extraction under various wave conditions.

关键词： asymmetric wave energy converter negative stiffness mechanism weakly nonlinear potential flow power

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Regulating interfacial stability of SiO_(x) anode with fluoride-abundant solid–electrolyte interphase by fluorine-functionalized additive

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 671-681页

作者： Subin Lee Taeeun Yim Advanced Batteries Laboratory Department of ChemistryIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Republic of Korea research Institute of Basic Sciences College of Natural ScienceIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Republic of Korea

Silicon oxide(SiO_(x))has received remarkable attention as a next-generation battery material;however,the sudden decrease in the cycling retention constitutes a significant challenge in facilitating its ***(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphite(TTFP),which can control parasitic reactions such as the pulverization of SiO_(x)anode materials and electrolyte decomposition,has been proposed to improve the lifespan of the *** electrochemical reduction of TTFP results in solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)layers that are mainly composed of LiF,which occur at a higher potential than the working potential of the SiO_(x)anode and carbonate-based *** electrolyte with TTFP exhibited a substantial improvement in cycling retention after 100 cycles,whereas the standard electrolyte showed acutely decreased *** thickness of the SiO_(x)anode with TTFP also changed only slightly without any considerable delamination spots,whereas the SiO_(x)anode without TTFP was prominently deformed by an enormous volume expansion with several internal *** cycled SiO_(x)anode with TTFP exhibited less increase in resistance after cycling than that in the absence of TTFP,in addition to fewer decomposition adducts in corresponding X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses between the cycled SiO_(x)*** results demonstrate that TTFP formed SEI layers at the SiO_(x)interface,which substantially reduced the pulverization of the SiO_(x)anode materials;in addition,electrolyte decomposition at the interface decreased,which led to improved cycling retention.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Silicon oxide anode Electrolyte Additive Solid-electrolyte interphases(SEI) Tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)phosphite

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Defect Engineering in Earth-Abundant Cu2ZnSnSe4 Absorber Using Efficient Alkali Doping for Flexible and Tandem Solar Cell Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 253-260页

作者： Muhammad Rehan Ara Cho Inyoung Jeong Kihwan Kim Asmat Ullah Jun-Sik Cho Joo Hyung Park Yunae Jo Sung Jun Hong Seung Kyu Ahn SeJin Ahn Jae Ho Yun Jihye Gwak Donghyeop Shin Photovoltaics research Department Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) Department of Renewable Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST) Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH)

To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications, a low-temperature Cu2ZnSnSe4（CZTSe） deposition process, combined with efficient alkali doping, was developed. First, high-quality CZTSe films were grown at480 °C by a single co-evaporation, which is applicable to polyimide（PI）substrate. Because of the alkali-free substrate, Na and K alkali doping were systematically studied and optimized to precisely control the alkali distribution in CZTSe. The bulk defect density was significantly reduced by suppression of deep acceptor states after the（Na F + KF） PDTs. Through the low-temperature deposition with（Na F + KF） PDTs, the CZTSe device on glass yields the best efficiency of 8.1% with an improved VOCdeficit of646 m V. The developed deposition technologies have been applied to *** the first time, we report the highest efficiency of 6.92% for flexible CZTSe solar cells on PI. Additionally, CZTSe devices were utilized as bottom cells to fabricate four-terminal CZTSe/perovskite tandem cells because of a low bandgap of CZTSe（～1.0 e V） so that the tandem cell yielded an efficiency of 20%. The obtained results show that CZTSe solar cells prepared by a low-temperature process with in-situ alkali doping can be utilized for flexible thin-film solar cells as well as tandem device applications.

关键词： alkali doping Earth-abundant Cu2ZnSnSe4 flexible solar cells four-terminal tandem cells low-temperature process

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Conditions for the enrichment of karst hydrothermal resources in Bohai Bay Basin

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 172-183页

作者： Pengwei Li Zhiliang He Zongquan Hu Ying Zhang Jianyun Feng Petroleum Exploration and Production research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China SINOPEC Beijing100728China

Drilling for karst hydrothermal resources in eastern China has posed challenges,including disparities between the temperature and yield of geothermal *** is evident that relying solely on geothermal anomalies or indications of karst reservoirs is inadequate for the exploration of karst hydrothermal *** study seeks to elucidate the cause of geothermal sweet spots by analyzing the interplay between geothermal anomalies and karst reservoirs and the underlying geological conditions for karst hydrothermal *** findings include:(1)the Bohai Bay Basin has been geologically favorable for the development of karst hydrothermal resources since the Mesozoic era;(2)the karst hydrothermal enrichment varies significantly between the basin’s margin and its *** the basin margin,the enrichment is largely driven by groundwater activity and faults,particularly where faults facilitate the upwelling of geothermal *** contrast,within the basin’s interior,karst hydrothermal resources are predominantly influenced by buried hills and are especially enriched in areas facilitating the discharge of deep geothermal waters.

关键词： Buried hill Karst hydrothermal resources Enrichment regularity Bohai bay basin

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Two-Staged Method for Ice Channel Identification Based on Image Segmentation and Corner Point Regression

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 313-325页

作者： DONG Wen-bo ZHOU Li DING Shi-feng WANG Ai-ming CAI Jin-yan School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Identification of the ice channel is the basic technology for developing intelligent ships in ice-covered waters,which is important to ensure the safety and economy of *** the Arctic,merchant ships with low ice class often navigate in channels opened up by *** in the ice channel often depends on good maneuverability skills and abundant experience from the captain to a large *** ship may get stuck if steered into ice fields off the *** this circumstance,it is very important to study how to identify the boundary lines of ice channels with a reliable *** this paper,a two-staged ice channel identification method is developed based on image segmentation and corner point *** first stage employs the image segmentation method to extract channel *** the second stage,an intelligent corner regression network is proposed to extract the channel boundary lines from the channel region.A non-intelligent angle-based filtering and clustering method is proposed and compared with corner point regression *** training and evaluation of the segmentation method and corner regression network are carried out on the synthetic and real ice channel *** evaluation results show that the accuracy of the method using the corner point regression network in the second stage is achieved as high as 73.33%on the synthetic ice channel dataset and 70.66%on the real ice channel dataset,and the processing speed can reach up to 14.58frames per second.

关键词： ice channel ship navigation identification image segmentation corner point regression

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Characteristic Study of Self-Powered Sensors Based on Native Protein Composite Film

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 226-232页

作者： Jiehui Xue Huijing Xiang Yanrong Zhang Jun Yang Xia Cao Zhonglin Wang Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Resources Environment and Materials School of Physics Science and Technology Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi University Center for Green Innovation School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology Beijing research Centre of Information Technology Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

Flexible electronic sensors composed of flexible film and conductive materials play an increasingly important role in wearable and internet information *** has received more and more attention and made some progress over the ***,it is still a great challenge to prepare biocompatible and highly transparent conductive *** white is a pure natural protein-rich material.

关键词： flexible sensors intelligent sensing natural protein-rich material triboelectric nanogenerators

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N, P co-doped 3D porous carbon with self-assembled morphological control via template-free method for potassiumion battery anodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4243-4252页

作者： Jeehoon Yu Dae Kyom Kim Hong Geun Oh Seung-Keun Park Youngjae Yoo Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chung-Ang University

The larger ionic radius of potassium ions than that of lithium ions significantly limits the accomplishment of rapid diffusion kinetics in graphite electrodes for potassium-ion batteries （PIBs）,resulting in comparatively poor rate performance and cycle ***,we report a high-rate performance and cycling stability amorphous carbon electrode achieved through nitrogen and phosphorous *** as-prepared N,P co-doped carbon electrodes have distinct 3D structures with large surface areas,hierarchical pore architectures,and increased interlayer spaces resulting from the direct pyrolysis of supramolecular self-assembled aggregates without *** obtained electrode N3P1 exhibits a reversible specific capacity of 258 m Ah·g-1at a current density of 0.1A·g-1and a good long-term cycle performance (96.1%capacity retention after 800 cycles at 0.5 A·g-1).Kinetic investigations show that the N3P1 electrode with the welldeveloped porous structure and large number of surface defects exhibits capacitive-driven behavior at all scan rates,which may be attributed by N and P ***-situ transmission electron microscopy analyses in the fully discharged and charged states demonstrate structural stability and reversibility owing to the expanded interlayer *** suggested synthesis approach is simple and effective for producing heteroatom-doped carbon materials for PIBs and other advanced electrochemical energy storage materials.

关键词： 3D porous structures Amorphous carbons Nitrogen and phosphorous co-doping Potassium-ion batteries

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Rational manipulation of electrolyte to induce homogeneous SEI on hard carbon anode for sodium-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 414-429页

作者： Lu Liu Lingling Xiao Zhi Sun Shahid Bashir Ramesh Kasi Yonghong Gu Ramesh Subramaniam research Center for Clean Utilization Technology Phosphorous Resources Hubei Three Gorges PolytechnicYichang 443000HubeiChina Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Centre(UMPEDAC) Level 4Wisma R&DUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 59990Malaysia Department of Chemistry Saveetha School of EngineeringInstitute of Medical and Technical ScienceSaveetha UniversityChennai 602105TamilnaduIndia

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have great potential to be the next major energy storage devices due to their obvious advantages and developing advanced electrodes and electrolytes is urgently necessary to promote its future ***,hard carbon as a state-of-the-art anode of SIBs still suffers from the low initial Coulomb efficiency and unsatisfactory rate capability,which could be improved by forming desirable solid electrolyte interphases (SEI) to some ***,the chemistry and morphology of these interfacial layers are fundamental parameters affecting the overall battery operation,and optimizing the electrolyte to dictate the quality of SEI on hard carbon is a key ***,this review summarizes the recent research on SEI design by electrolyte manipulation from solvents,salts,and *** also presents some potential mechanisms of SEI formation in various electrolyte ***,the current advanced characterization techniques for electrolyte and SEI structure analyses have been comprehensively ***,current challenges and future perspectives of SEI formation on hard carbon anode for SIBs are provided from the viewpoints of its compositions,evolution processes,structures,and characterization techniques,which will promote SEI efficient manipulation and improve the performance of hard carbon,and further contribute to the development of SIBs.

关键词： SEI Electrolyte optimization Hard carbon Electrochemical performance Sodium-ion batteries

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Experimental research on the microclimate in the naturally ventilated multi-span greenhouse

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 68-74页

作者： Zhenjun Gao Wenyang Li Wei Li Xiaoming Ding College of Mechanical and Power Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002HubeiChina Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment research Institute Guangzhou 510630China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Facilities Structural Engineering Academy of Agricultural Planning and EngineeringMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China

In order to further understand the changing laws of environmental factors in large multi-span greenhouses under natural ventilation conditions and the internal relations between various environmental factors,and ultimately improve the precision of microclimate regulation of large multi-span *** the multi-span greenhouse with a small spire structure in the Demonstration Base of Guangdong Agricultural Technology Extension Station as the research object,under the condition of natural ventilation with butterfly-shaped windows,the changes in temperature,humidity,wind speed and solar light intensity of different monitoring planes in the greenhouse were *** analyzing the monitoring data,it was found that:1)The temperature gradient in the vertical direction in the large multi-span greenhouse is more obvious than that in the small greenhouse,and the highest average temperature difference monitored can reach 7.9℃.The velocity field in the multispan greenhouse is always maintained within the range of 0.3-0.4 m/s,and the ambient wind speed has no effect on the airflow speed in the *** humidity and speed in the multi-span greenhouse show good uniformity.2)In a large multi-span greenhouse,the secondary radiation generated by the internal shading has less impact on the area near the ground,which can effectively reduce the ground temperature.3)Under the conditions studied in this research,the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse follow the external environment as well,showing that the greenhouse design is reasonable,and the air renewal and heat exchange inside and outside the greenhouse are good during natural ventilation.

关键词： natural ventilation multi-span greenhouse environmental factors microclimate

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