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Higher Plant Proteins of Cyanobacterial Origin:Are They or Are They Not Preferentially Targeted to Chloroplasts?

Molecular Plant 2014年第12期7卷 1797-1800页

作者： Roman G.Bayer Tina Kostler, Arpit Jain Simon Stael Ingo Ebersberger Markus Teige Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology MFPLUniversity of ViennaDr Bohr Gasse 9A-1030 ViennaAustria CIBIV—Center for Integrative Bioinformatics Vienna MFPLDr.Bohr Gasse 9A-1030 ViennaAustria Department for Applied Bioinformatics Institute for Cell Biology and NeuroscienceGoethe UniversityMax-von-Laue Str.13D-60438 FrankfurtGermany VIB Department of Plant Systems Biology Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 9279052 GentBelgium Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology University of ViennaAlthanstr 14A-1090 ViennaAustria Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 18A-1190 ViennaAustria

Dear Editor, What does the evolutionary origin of a plant protein tell about its subcellular localization？ Naively thinking, one would assume that plant proteins that were originally encoded in the endosymbiont genome are targeted to the chloroplast. However, published data seem to support only a loose link between evolutionary origin and subcel- lular localization. About half of the Arabidopsis proteins with a detectable cyanobacterial ortholog are targeted to subcellular compartments other than the chloroplast （Martin et al., 2002）. H

关键词： Plant protein The origin of evolution chloroplast

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AP2/ERF transcription factors orchestrate very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis during Arabidopsis lateral root development

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Molecular Plant 2021年第2期14卷 205-207页

作者： Soazig Guyomarc'h Yohann Boutte Laurent Laplaze UMR DIADE Universitéde MontpellierIRDMontpellierFrance LBM BordeauxFrance

One key factor defining root system architecture is root branching,i.e.,the process of the formation of new root axes,called lateral roots(LRs),from an existing *** the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,LRs originate from preselected pericycle cells that divide to create an LR primordium(LRP)that grows and eventually forms a new root apical meristem(Banda et al.,2019).During this developmental process,cell-fate acquisition is very plastic and depends on positional information rather than on cell lineage(Banda et al.,2019).Importantly,LR formation occurs inside the parent root,and the LRP must grow through overlying tissues before emerging into the *** LR emergence process is controlled by dynamic intercellular signaling and involves a tight coordination of cellular responses in the LRP and surrounding tissues(Banda et al.,2019).In particular,the growing LRP rapidly pushes against the overlying endodermis,a layer of cells mechanically reinforced by the Casparian *** crossing of the endodermis by the LRP between stagesⅣand V has been proposed as an important developmental checkpoint during LR development(Banda et al.,2019).

关键词： eventually Arabidopsis branching

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Effect of oxygen and nitrogen functionalization on the physical and electronic structure of graphene

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Nano Research 2015年第8期8卷 2620-2635页

作者： Alexander J. Marsden Peter Brommer James J. Mudd M. Adam Dyson Robert Cook Maria Asensio Jose Avila Ana Levy Jeremy Sloan David Quigley Gavin R. Bell Neil R. Wilson Department of Physics University of Warwick Coventry UK Centre for Scientific Computing University of Warwick Coventry UK Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin-BP 48 91192 Gifsur Yvette Cedex France

Covalent functionalization of graphene offers opportunities for tailoring its properties and is an unavoidable consequence of some graphene synthesis techniques. However, the changes induced by the functionalization are not well understood. By using atomic sources to control the extent of the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization, we studied the evolution in the structure and properties at the atomic scale. Atomic oxygen reversibly introduces epoxide groups whilst, under similar conditions, atomic nitrogen irreversibly creates diverse functionalities including substitutional, pyridinic, and pyrrolic nitrogen. Atomic oxygen leaves the Fermi energy at the Dirac point （i.e., undoped）, whilst atomic nitrogen results in a net n-doping; however, the experimental results are consistent with the dominant electronic effect for both being a transition from delocalized to localized states, and hence the loss of the signature electronic structure of graphene.

关键词： graphene functionalization chemical vapor deposition density functional theory

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Crystal and electronic structure study of Mn doped wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第4期26卷 347-353页

作者： O.M.Ozkendir S.Yildirimcan A.Yuzer K.Ocakoglu Department of Energy Systems Engineering Mersin University Tarsus Faculty of Technology Advanced Technology Research & Application Center Mersin University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering Toros University

The change in the crystal and electronic structure properties of wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles was studied according to Mn doping in the powder samples. The investigations were conducted by X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy(XAFS) technique for the samples prepared with different heating and doping processes. Electronic analysis was carried out by the collected data from the X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Structure Spectroscopy(XANES) measurements. Additional crystal structure properties were studied by Extended-XAFS(EXAFS) analysis. Longer heating periods for the undoped wurtzite ZnO samples were determined to own stable crystal geometries. However, for some doped samples, the distortions in the crystal were observed as a result of the low doping amounts of Mn which was treated as an impurity. Besides, the changes in oxygen locations were determined to create defects and distortions in the samples.

关键词： Electronic materials Nanostructures Oxides XAFS(EXAFS and XANES) Crystal structure

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Vertical Structures of Convective and Stratiform Clouds in Boreal Summer over the Tibetan Plateau and Its Neighboring Regions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第10期36卷 1089-1102,I0001,I0002页

作者： Yafei YAN Yimin LIU State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shanghai Meteorological Bureau Shanghai 200030 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Cloud is essential in the atmosphere, condensing water vapor and generating strong convective or large-scale persistent precipitation. In this work, the relationships between cloud vertical macro- or microphysical properties, radiative heating rate, and precipitation for convective and stratiform clouds in boreal summer over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are analyzed and compared with its neighboring land and tropical oceans based on CloudSat/calipso satellite measurements and TRMM precipitation data. The precipitation intensity caused by convective clouds is twofold stronger than that by stratiform clouds. The vertical macrophysics of both cloud types show similar features over the TP, with the region weakening the precipitation intensity and compressing the cloud vertical expansion and variation in cloud top height, but having an uplift effect on the average cloud top height. The vertical microphysics of both cloud types under conditions of no rain over the TP are characterized by lower-level ice water, ice particles with a relatively larger range of sizes, and a relatively lower occurrence of denser ice particles. The features are similar to other regions when precipitation enhances, but convective clouds gather denser and larger ice particles than stratiform clouds over the TP. The atmospheric shortwave (longwave) heating (cooling) rate strengthens with increased precipitation for both cloud types. The longwave cooling layer is thicker when the rainfall rate is less than 100 mm d?1, but the net heating layer is typically compressed for the profiles of both cloud types over the TP. This study provides insights into the associations between clouds and precipitation, and an observational basis for improving the simulation of convective and stratiform clouds over the TP in climate models.

关键词： CloudSat/calipso cloud vertical structures convective precipitation stratiform precipitation Tibetan Plateau

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