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New aspects of a small GTPase RAB35 in brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1971-1980页

作者： Ikuko Maejima Ken Sato Laboratory of Molecular Traffic Institute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan

In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins,lipids,and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or *** processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain(RAB)protein family,which is the largest subfamily of the RAS *** of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases,including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative ***,it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain ***35,a member of the RAB family,is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans.A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis,endocytic recycling,actin bundling,and cell ***35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic *** generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and *** mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial ***,RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development,and thereby for normal hippocampal *** contrast,layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially,even in the absence of RAB35,suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex *** studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's *** this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of *** also provide insights into the phys

关键词： endocytosis endosomes hippocampal development neurodegenerative diseases RAB35

Asking one mechanism in glial cells during neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1077-1078页

作者： Xiaoli Guo Chikako Harada Takayuki Harada Visual Research Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan

Multiple sclerosis(MS),which is characterized by inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system(CNS),is the most common neurological disease in the young adult *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),an animal model of MS,is often used in preclinical *** data indicate that in addition to immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells,CNS resident microglia and astrocytes play important roles in demyelinating neuroinflammation(Healy et al.,2022).In particular,microglia are key immune-competent cells that can respond to environmental *** depletion of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1,a mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase kinase,in microglia is reported to reduce CNS inflammation and diminish axonal and myelin damage *** suggests that elucidating the mechanisms of microglia-specific responses during pathologies may help in the development of treatments that reduce EAE/MS disease severity(Goldmann et al.,2013).

关键词： inflammation clinical

Monogenic gene therapy for glaucoma and optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 815-816页

作者： Chikako Harada Xiaoli Guo Takayuki Harada Visual Research Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan

The prevalence of glaucoma, the second leading cause of global blindness, is increasing due to aging populations. In glaucoma, degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) causes visual field defec... 详细信息

关键词： visual glaucoma degeneration

A simulation-based study on longitudinal gust response of flexible flapping wings

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第6期34卷 1048-1060页

作者： Toshiyuki Nakata Ryusuke Noda Shinobu Kumagai Hao Liu Graduate School of Engineering Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kanto Gakuin UniversityKanagawa 263-8501Japan

Winged animals such as insects are capable of flying and surviving in an unsteady and unpredictable aerial *** generate and control aerodynamic forces by flapping their flexible *** the dynamic shape changes of their flapping wings are known to enhance the efficiency of their flight,they can also affect the stability of a flapping wing flyer under unpredictable disturbances by responding to the sudden changes of aerodynamic forces on the *** order to test the hypothesis,the gust response of flexible flapping wings is investigated numerically with a specific focus on the passive maintenance of aerodynamic forces by the wing *** computational model is based on a dynamic flight simulator that can incorporate the realistic morphology,the kinematics,the structural dynamics,the aerodynamics and the fluid-structure interactions of a hovering *** longitudinal gusts are imposed against the tethered model of a hovering hawkmoth with flexible flapping *** is found that the aerodynamic forces on the flapping wings are affected by the gust,because of the increase or decrease in relative wingtip velocity or kinematic angle of *** passive shape change of flexible wings can,however,reduce the changes in the magnitude and direction of aerodynamic forces by the gusts from various directions,except for the downward *** adaptive response of the flexible structure to stabilise the attitude can be classified into the mechanical feedback,which works passively with minimal delay,and is of great importance to the design of bio-inspired flapping wings for micro-air vehicles.

关键词： Insect flight Flapping wing Flexible wing Gust response Fluid-structure interaction Mechanical feedback

Influence of agricultural activities,forest fires and agro-industries on air quality in Thailand

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第2期29卷 85-97页

作者： Worradorn Phairuang Mitsuhiko Hata Masami Furuuchi Graduate School of Natural science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan

Annual and monthly-based emission inventories in northern, central and north-eastern provinces in Thailand, where agriculture and related agro-industries are very intensive,were estimated to evaluate the contribution of agricultural activity, including crop residue burning, forest fires and related agro-industries on air quality monitored in corresponding provinces. The monthly-based emission inventories of air pollutants, or, particulate matter（PM）, NOx and SO2, for various agricultural crops were estimated based on information on the level of production of typical crops： rice, corn, sugarcane, cassava, soybeans and potatoes using emission factors and other parameters related to country-specific values taking into account crop type and the local residue burning period. The estimated monthly emission inventory was compared with air monitoring data obtained at monitoring stations operated by the Pollution Control Department, Thailand（PCD） for validating the estimated emission inventory. The agro-industry that has the greatest impact on the regions being evaluated, is the sugar processing industry, which uses sugarcane as a raw material and its residue as fuel for the boiler. The backward trajectory analysis of the air mass arriving at the PCD station was calculated to confirm this influence. For the provinces being evaluated which are located in the upper northern, lower northern and northeast in Thailand, agricultural activities and forest fires were shown to be closely correlated to the ambient PM concentration while their contribution to the production of gaseous pollutants is much less.

关键词： Biomass burning Agricultural residue Agro-industry Emission inventory Air pollutants

Quasi-periodic orbits of small solar sails with time-varying attitude around Earth–Moon libration points

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 161-174页

作者： Toshihiro Chujo Department of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152-8550Japan

This paper proposes new quasi-periodic orbits around Earth–Moon collinear libration points using solar *** including the time-varying sail orientation in the linearized equations of motion for the circular restricted three-body problem(CR3BP),four types of quasi-periodic orbits(two types around L1 and two types around L2)were *** them,one type of orbit around L2 realizes a considerably small geometry variation while ensuring visibility from the Earth if(and only if)the sail acceleration due to solar radiation pressure is approximately of a certain magnitude,which is much smaller than that assumed in several previous *** means that only small solar sails can remain in the vicinity of L2 for a long time without propellant *** orbits designed in the linearized CR3BP can be translated into nonlinear CR3BP and high-fidelity ephemeris models without losing geometrical *** this study,new quasi-periodic orbits are formulated,and their characteristics are ***,their extendibility to higher-fidelity dynamic models was verified using numerical examples.

关键词： solar sail libration point orbit Earth-Moon system circular restricted three-body problem(CR3BP)

Landscape gradient of autumn photosynthetic decline in Abies sachalinensis seedlings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 187-195页

作者： Tetsuto Sugai Wataru Ishizuka Toshihiro Watanabe Hokkaido Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteHitsujigaoka 7Sapporo 062-8516Japan Plant Nutrition Laboratory Research Faculty of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8689Japan Forest Research Institute Hokkaido Research OrganizationBibaiHokkaido 079-0198Japan

Understanding what environmental factors are genetically linked to a phenologic al event is critical for predicting responses to climate *** synthetic phenology often varies among a species of evergreen conifers due to local ***,few empirical studies have revealed relevant relationships between climatic factors in provenance environments and photosynthetic *** study evaluated the effects of environmental conditions of the growing site and seed source provenance on the seasonal changes in maximal photochemical quantum yield of photo systemⅡ(Fv/Fm)in a common garden experiment with 2-year-old seedlings of Sakhalin fir(Abies sachalinensis),a representative species with local adaptation,from four seed source provenances.A logistic model was constructed to explain the seasonal variation of Fv/Fmfrom July to October and the relationships between the estimated model parameters and representative factors featuring provenance environments were *** landscape gradient of the detected model parameters responsible for the provenance environments was visualized in a map of the distribution *** lowest temperature was the most plausible factor in the growing environment to explain the seasonal changes of Fv/*** the representative meteorological factors of provenance environments,the lowest temperatures in July showed significant relationships with two model parameters,explaining the lower limit of Fv/Fmand the higher sensitivity of autumn Fv/*** estimated spatial maps of model parameters consistently showed that the higher the lowest temperature in July in the provenance environment,the lower the Fv/Fmin October and the greater the decrease in the autumn Fv/***,the lowest summer temperature could be associated with the local adaptation of autumn photosynthetic phenology in ***.

关键词： Phenology Local adaptation Genetic cline Lowest temperature

Counter-Rotating Type Pump-Turbine Unit Cooperating with Wind Power Unit

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Journal of Thermal science 2013年第1期22卷 7-12页

作者： Tengen Murakami Toshiaki Kanemoto Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology

This serial research proposes the hybrid power system combined the wind power unit with the counter-rotating type pump-turbine unit,to provide the constant output for the grid system,even at the suddenly fluctuating/turbulent *** this paper,the tandem impellers of the counter-rotating type pumping unit was operated at the turbine mode,and the performances and the flow conditions were investigated numerically and *** 3-D turbulent flows in the runners were simulated at the steady state condition by using the commercial CFD code of ANSYS-CFX ver.12 with the SST turbulence *** providing the pump unit for the turbine mode,the maximum hydraulic efficiency is close to one of the counter-rotating type hydroelectric unit designed exclu-sively for the turbine ***,the runner/impeller of the unit works evidently so as to coincide the angularmomentum change through the front runners/impellers with that through the rear runners/impellers,namely to take the axial flow at not only the inlet but also the outlet without the guide *** results show that this type of unit is effective to work at not only the pumping but also the turbine modes.

关键词： pump-turbine pumping mode turbine mode power supply counter-rotation

Numerical Modelling and Simulation of Chemical Reactions in a Nano-Pulse Discharged Bubble for Water Treatment

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Plasma science and Technology 2016年第9期18卷 924-932页

作者：何雨辰 Satoshi UEHARA Hidemasa TAKANA Hideya NISHIYAMA Graduate school of Engineering Tohoku University Institute of Fluid science Tohoku University

A zero-dimensional model to simulate a nano-pulse-discharged bubble in water was developed. The model consists of gas and liquid phases corresponding to the inside and outside of the bubble, respectively. The diffusions of chemical species from the gas to the liquid phase through the bubble interface was also investigated. The initial gas is Ar, but includes a little H20 and 02 in the bubble. The time evolution of the OH concentration in the liquid phase was mainly investigated as an important species for water treatment. It was shown that OH was generated in the bubble and then diffused into the liquid. With the application of a continuous nano-pulse discharge, more OH radicals were generated as the frequency increased at a low voltage for a given power consumption.

关键词： chemical reaction model water purification bubble discharge diffusion