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Effects of grazing intensity to water source on grassland condition, yield and nutritional content of selected grass species in Northwest Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 149-161页

作者： Yaregal Melak Ayana Angassa Aster Abebe Department of Animal and Range Sciences Hawassa UniversityAwasaEthiopia Department of Range and Forest Resources Faculty of Natural ResourcesBotswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesPrivate bag 0027GaboroneBotswana

Background:Savanna grasslands are globally important ecosystems consisting of one of the most extensive grazing lands with unique *** objectives of the study were to assess the effect of grazing intensity on grassland ecosystem condition,herbaceous plant biomass production,and nutritional content of selected grass ***:The study was conducted at Chagni Ranch,Northwest *** transects to water source point at regular intervals of 20m between sampling plots along transects were used for data *** distance between the four transects was 200m in *** were collected on grass composition,basal cover,litter cover,number of seedlings,and age distribution of dominant grasses(i.e.,young,medium,or old in terms of stage of maturity),soil condition in terms of soil compaction,and soil erosion linked to the effects of trampling by grazing animals along transects(hereafter referred to as transect)to water source *** total sample size for grass species was 160 *** grassland ecosystem condition,herbaceous biomass,and grass nutritional content were used as response variables linked to transect from water source *** effects of transect on grassland ecosystem condition scores and grass nutritional content were analyzed using the analysis of variance(ANOVA).Results:Grassland condition factors like grass composition,basal cover,litter cover,age distribution of dominant grasses,and soil condition were significantly(P<0.05)higher for the furthest transect to water source point than nearest *** of the 28 identified herbaceous species,grasses accounted for 64.3%of the herbaceous *** grass species,about 55.6%were highly desirable in terms of palatability and grazing value(as most palatable species are susceptible to heavy grazing intensity).The results showed a significantly(P<0.05)higher proportion of perennial grasses at the furthest transect to water source point than nearest *** dry matter yi

关键词： Grassland condition Grass yield Nutritional content Transect

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Effects of chronic heat stress on granulosa cell apoptosis and follicular atresia in mouse ovary

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 57-66页

作者： Jieyun Li Hui Gao Zhen Tian Yi Wu Yingzheng Wang Yuan Fang Lu Lin Ying Han Shuaishuai Wu Ihtesham Ul Haq Shenming Zeng Laboratory of Animal Embryonic Biotechnology National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Anima Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Background： Heat stress is known to alter follicular dynamics and granulosa cell function and may contribute to the diminished reproductive efficiency commonly observed in mammals during the summer. Although several investigators have studied heat-induced ovarian injury, few reports have focused on the effects of chronic heat stress on ovarian function and the molecular mechanisms through which it induces ovarian ***： In Exp. 1, 48 female mice were assigned to a control or heat-stressed treatment. After exposure to a constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6） or to 42 ℃ for 3 h per d for 7, 14, 21 or 28 d（n = 6）, the mice were euthanized and their ovaries were analyzed for follicular atresia, granulosa cell apoptosis, changes in the abundance of HSP70 protein and serum concentrations of estradiol. In Exp. 2, the expression of HSP70 and aromatase was quantified in antral follicles cultured in vitro at 37 or 42 ℃ for 24 h. In Exp. 3, granulosa cells from ovaries maintained at 37 or 41 ℃ for 2 h were analyzed for their expression of HSP70, Bim, caspase-3 and cleaved ***： In Exp. 1, body weight and food intake of heat-stressed mice decreased（P 〈 0.05） compared with control mice while the concentration of estradiol in serum was lower（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than in control mice. Compared with control mice, the percentage of atretic follicles and the number of antral follicles with severe apoptotic signals were increased（P 〈 0.05） after 21 d of heat-stressed treatment. HSP70 protein was more abundant（P 〈 0.05） in heat-stressed mice than control mice. In Exp. 2, heat stress increased HSP70 and decreased aromatase proteins（P 〈 0.05） in antral follicles. In Exp. 3, TUNEL-positive granulosa cells from heat-stressed ovaries were observed concomitant with a significant increase in HSP70, Bim and cleaved caspase-3 ***： Heat-stress in mice decrease estradiol in serum and aromatase in antral follicles but increased num

关键词： Apoptosis Atresia Follicle Granulosa cells Heat stress Mice

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Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease:a population-based cross-sectional study in southern Chile

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第4期8卷 286-292,I0001,I0002页

作者： Carlos Manterola Luis Grande Luis Bustos Tamara Otzen Center of Morphological and Surgical Studies Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile Department of Surgery Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile Department of Surgery Hospital del MarUniversitat Auto`noma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Public Health Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile

Background This study assessed the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)in a general adult population from Temuco in southern *** association of GERD with demographic variables was also *** A cross-sectional study among the general population of Temuco in southern Chile was conducted in 2017,using a validated and reliable questionnaire for detecting *** urban area of Temuco,with a population of 245,317 inhabitants(2002 census),was divided into four zones,which were representative of the socioeconomic sectors of the *** sample size was estimated assuming a prevalence of 52.8%,an accuracy of 3.0%,a confidence level of 95.0%,and a design effect of *** sampling was used to build *** prevalence of GERD was determined and associated factors were studied by means of bivariate and multivariate *** A total of 1,069 subjects(47.9%women,median age 40 years)from the selected subareas were *** prevalence of GERD was 44.8%.The most frequently reported symptom was regurgitation(54.8%).One-third of subjects took medication to control symptoms and was considered‘sick’by the instrument,although>68%of them had never sought medical *** was a significant association between GERD and age(P<0.001)and female gender(P=0.001).Conclusions In this population-based study,the prevalence of GERD was high(44.8%).GERD was associated with age and female gender.

关键词： gastroesophageal reflux disease prevalence cross-sectional studies evidence-based medicine clinical epidemiology

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Therapy of replenishing Yin and regulating Yang for manic episode in bipolar disorder:study protocol for a prospective,double-blind,randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第3期43卷 594-601页

作者： YANG Yang YUAN Haining JIA Hongxiao NING Yanzhe WANG Di ZHANG Lei YAN Kaijuan GUO Yumeng WANG Fei SUN Weishuang CHEN Pei Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental DisordersDepartment of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicineBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100088China Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders and National Center for Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100088China Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Bipolar disorder(BD) is a chronic and recurrent disorder characterized by biphasic mood episodes of mania or hypomania and *** affects more than 1% of the global population and is a leading cause of disability in young *** available treatments for BD are still fairly limited in terms of efficacy,with high rates of non-adherence,non-response,and undesirable side *** Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history and rich experience in stabilizing mania and improving quality of *** at rebalancing Yin and Yang in BD,therapy of replenishing Yin and regulating Yang(RYRY therapy) has been in clinical use for years in *** present prospective,double-blind,randomized controlled trial is designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of RYRY therapy for bipolar mania and its possible mechanism from the point of regulating gut microbiota and anti-inflammation.A total of 60 eligible participants will be recruited from Beijing Anding *** will be randomized to either the study group or the control group in a ratio of 1∶*** allocated to the study group will receive RYRY granule,while placebo granule will be applied in the control *** in both groups will be prescribed conventional therapy for manic episode in *** scheduled visits will be conducted over 4 *** measurements include Young Mania Rating Scale,TCM Symptom Pattern Rating Scale,Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale,levels of C-reactive protein,interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α and the gut microbial community profile of stool *** outcomes and adverse events will also be *** this study,we set a number of scientific and objective assessments to evaluate the efficacy of RYRY therapy and study into its possible mechanism,hopefully offering clinicians an alternative approach to BD.

关键词： bipolar disorder replenishing Yin and regulating Yang gastrointestinal microbiome inflammation clinical protocol

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Alpha-synuclein seeding shows a wide heterogeneity in multiple system atrophy

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 845-858页

作者： Ivan Martinez-Valbuena Naomi P.Visanji Ain Kim Heather H.C.Lau Raphaella W.L.So Sohaila Alshimemeri Andrew Gao Michael A.Seidman Maria R.Luquin Joel C.Watts Anthony E.Lang Gabor G.Kovacs Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Edmond J.Safra Program in PD and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic Toronto Western HospitalTorontoONCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Krembil Brain Institute University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Biochemistry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Laboratory Medicine Program University Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Neurology Clinica Universidad de NavarraPamplonaNavarraSpain Division of Neurology Department of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia.

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by variable combinations of parkinsonism, autonomic failure, cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal features. Although the distribution of synucleinopathy correlates with the predominant clinical features, the burden of pathology does not fully explain observed differences in clinical presentation and rate of disease progression. We hypothesized that the clinical heterogeneity in MSA is a consequence of variability in the seeding activity of α-synuclein both between different patients and between different brain regions. Methods: The reliable detection of α-synuclein seeding activity derived from MSA using cell-free amplification assays remains challenging. Therefore, we conducted a systematic evaluation of 168 different reaction buffers, using an array of pH and salts, seeded with fully characterized brain homogenates from one MSA and one PD patient. We then validated the two conditions that conferred the optimal ability to discriminate between PD- and MSA-derived samples in a larger cohort of 40 neuropathologically confirmed cases, including 15 MSA. Finally, in a subset of brains, we conducted the first multi-region analysis of seeding behaviour in MSA. Results: Using our novel buffer conditions, we show that the physicochemical factors that govern the in vitro amplification of α-synuclein can be tailored to generate strain-specific reaction buffers that can be used to reliably study the seeding capacity from MSA-derived α-synuclein. Using this novel approach, we were able to sub-categorize the 15 MSA brains into 3 groups: high, intermediate and low seeders. To further demonstrate heterogeneity in α-synuclein seeding in MSA, we conducted a comprehensive multi-regional evaluation of α-synuclein seeding in 13 different regions from 2 high seeders, 2 intermediate seeders and 2 low seeders. Conclusions: We have identified unexpected differences in seed-competent α-synuclein across a coho

关键词： Alpha-synuclein Multiple system atrophy RT-QuIC Seeding behavior

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Diagnostic delay and associated factors among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 548-557页

作者： Khadija Said Jerry Hella Grace Mhalu Mary Chiryankubi Edward Masika Thomas Maroa Francis Mhimbira Neema Kapalata Lukas Fenner Ifakara Health Institute Bagamoyo Research and Training Centre(BRTC)P O Box 74BagamoyoTanzania Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Socinstrasse 574002 BaselSwitzerland University of Basel Petersplatz 14003 BaselSwitzerland National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme Dar es SalaamTanzania Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBernSwitzerland

Background:Tanzania is among the 30 countries with the highest tuberculosis(TB)*** TB has a long infectious period,early diagnosis is not only important for reducing transmission,but also for improving treatment *** assessed diagnostic delay and associated factors among infectious TB ***:We interviewed new smear-positive adult pulmonary TB patients enrolled in an ongoing TB cohort study in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania,between November 2013 and June *** patients were interviewed to collect information on socio-demographics,socio-economic status,health-seeking behaviour,and residential *** categorized diagnostic delay into≤3 or>3 *** used logistic regression models to identify risk factors for diagnostic delay,presented as crude(OR)and adjusted Odds Ratios(aOR).We also assessed association between geographical distance(incremental increase of 500 meters between household and the nearest pharmacy)with binary ***:We analysed 513 patients with a median age of 34 years(interquartile range 27-41);353(69%)were ***,444(87%)reported seeking care from health care providers prior to TB diagnosis,of whom 211(48%)sought care>2 *** six(1%)visited traditional healers before TB *** delay was positively associated with absence of chest pain(aOR=7.97,95%confidence intervals[CI]:3.15-20.19;P<0.001),and presence of hemoptysis(aOR=25.37,95%CI:11.15-57.74;P<0.001)and negatively associated with use of medication prior to TB diagnosis(aOR=0.31,95%CI:0.14-0.71;P=0.01).Age,sex,HIV status,education level,household income,and visiting health care facilities(HCFs)were not associated with diagnostic *** living far from pharmacies were less likely to visit a HCF(incremental increase of distance versus visit to any facility:OR=0.51,95%CI:0.28-0.96;P=0.037).Conclusions:TB diagnostic delay was common in Dar es Salaam,and was more likely among patients without prior use of medication and presenting with

关键词： Tanzania Tuberculosis Diagnostic delay Health-seeking Geographic information system Pharmacy Transmission

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Partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition in keloid scars: regulation of keloid keratinocyte gene expression by transforming growth factor-β1

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 199-215页

作者： Jennifer M.Hahn Kevin L.McFarland Kelly A.Combs Dorothy M.Supp Research Department Shriners Hospitals for Children-CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Research Department Shriners Hospitals for Children-CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA

Background:Keloids are an extreme form of abnormal scarring that result from a pathological fibroproliferative wound healing *** molecular mechanisms driving keloid pathology remain incompletely understood,hindering development of targeted,effective *** studies in our laboratory demonstrated that keloid keratinocytes exhibit adhesion abnormalities and display a transcriptional signature reminiscent of cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),suggesting a role for EMT in keloid *** the current study,we further define the EMT-like phenotype of keloid scars and investigate regulation of EMT-related genes in ***:Primary keratinocytes from keloid scar and normal skin were cultured in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)+/-inhibitors of TGF-β1 and downstream signaling *** expression was measured using quantitative polymerase chain *** was analyzed using an in vitro wound healing *** in keloid scar and normal skin sections were localized by *** analyses utilized SigmaPlot(SyStat Software,San Jose,CA)or SAS?(SAS Institute,Cary,NC).Results:In keloid and normal keratinocytes,TGF-β1 regulated expression of EMT-related genes,including hyaluronan synthase 2,vimentin,cadherin-11,wingless-type MMTV integration site family,member 5A,frizzled 7,ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19,and *** of canonical TGF-β1 signaling in keloid keratinocytes significantly inhibited expression of these genes,and TGF-β1 stimulation of normal keratinocytes increased their *** inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)signaling pathway or the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway attenuated TGF-β1-induced expression of subsets of these *** of keloid keratinocytes,previously shown to be increased compared with normal keratinocytes,was significantly reduced by inhibition of TGF-β1 or E

关键词： Keloid Keratinocyte Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Wound healing Scar Fibrosis

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Exacerbated conceptus signaling does not favor establishment of pregnancy in beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 67-78页

作者： T.Martins M.Sponchiado O.A.Ojeda-Rojas A.M.Gonella-Diaza E.O.S.Batista B.O.Cardoso C.C.Rocha A.C.Basso M.Binelli Department of Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloPirassunungaSao PauloBrazil Department of Nutrition and Animal Production School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloPirassunungaSao PauloBrazil In Vitro Brasil Mogi MirimSao PauloBrazil Department of Animal Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background: Insufficient production of anti-luteolytic signals by the pre-attachment embryo is considered a major cause of pregnancy failure in *** tested the hypothesis that transfer of multiple blastocysts(n = 5/recipient) and progesterone(P4) supplementation amplify anti-luteolytic signaling and reduce embryonic losses in beef *** detected in estrus(D0; n = 104) were assigned randomly to receive 150 mg of injectable long-acting P4(iP4) or vehicle(non-iP4) on D4 and transcervical transfer of none or five,grade 1,not-frozen,in vitro-produced blastocysts,on *** development and time of structural luteolysis were monitored by *** P4 concentrations were determined on D4,D5 and D7,and daily between D14 and *** signaling was monitored by transcript abundance of interferon-stimulated gene 15(ISG15) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated on D14,D16,D18 and *** embryonic mortality(EEM) was defined as the absence of ISG15 m RNA upregulation over time and/or luteal regression up to *** embryonic mortality(LEM) was defined as the absence of a conceptus with a heartbeat on pregnancy diagnosis at D30(PD30) after observing upregulation of ISG15 mRNA and extension of luteal *** cows presented conceptuses with heartbeat at ***: On D5,iP4-treated cows had P4 concentrations 2.07-fold greater than non-iP4 treated(P < 0.001).On D7,P4 concentrations were *** and LEM animals showed a progressive increase in the abundance of ISG15 from D14 to ***4-treated cows detected pregnant at PD30 had 1.53-fold greater abundance of ISG15 mRNA between D14 and D20 than non-iP4 treated cows(P = 0.05).iP4 doubled the frequency of EEM while it did not affect *** PD30,embryonic survival was 37.0% vs.55.6% for iP4-treated *** *** of pregnant cows(71%)presented only a single viable ***: A substantial proportion of cows had EEM(31%) and LEM(20%) even after transferring

关键词： Corpus luteum Luteolysis Pregnancy Uterus

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Perturbations in the uterine luminal fluid composition are detrimental to pregnancy establishment in cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 56-66页

作者： Thiago Martins Guilherme Pugliesi Mariana Sponchiado Angela M.Gonella-Diaza Oscar A.Ojeda-Rojas Frederich D.Rodriguez Roney S.Ramos Andrea C.Basso Mario Binelli Department of Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of Sao Paulo Department of Nutrition and Animal Production School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of Sao Paulo University Corporation of Huila ABS Global In Vitro Brasil Department of Animal Sciences University of Florida

Background: A major,unresolved issue is how the uterine microenvironment determines pregnancy success in *** implantation,conceptus development depends on the uterine secretome(i.e.,histotroph).Despite its pivotal role,little is known about the dynamics of histotroph synthesis and changes in composition throughout the early diestrus and the relevance to pregnancy *** hypothesize that disturbances on histotroph composition affect the establishment of *** was to disturb histotroph composition at early diestrus and verify the effects on:(Exp.1) timing to restore its composition; and(Exp.2) pregnancy rate after multiple-embryo *** cycle of multiparous Nelore cows were synchronized and estrus was considered d 0(D0) of the *** was through flushing each uterine horn with 30 m L of DMPBS and collecting the resulting uterine luminal flushing(ULF) on D1; D4; D7; D1 + D4 + *** group remained *** Exp.1,ULF was collected on D7.5 from all animals and used for quantification of total protein concentration and abundance of *** Exp.2,three in vitro-produced embryos were transferred to the uterine horn ipsilateral to the ovary containing the CL on D7.5 and pregnancy was checked on D25 by ***: In Exp.1,ULF collection on D4 or D7 increased(1.5-to 2.2-folds) the total protein concentration and albumin *** collection on D1 did not alter(P > 0.10) these *** Exp.2,ULF collected on D4 or D7 decreased pregnancy rates to approximately half of that measured in the remaining ***: Subtle perturbations imposed to the native intrauterine milieu,such as those caused by a single,low-volume collection of ULF,profoundly disturbs intrauterine composition and pregnancy *** least 4 d were necessary for the uterus to recover its composition and the functional capacity to carry post-implantation gestation.

关键词： Albumin Embryo Histotroph Protein

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Abnormal liver function in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection of adenoviruses:a retrospective study

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第5期38卷 735-740页

作者： Xingui Tian Xiao Li Shuyan Qiu Rong Zhou Wenkuan Liu State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510182China

Human adenoviruses(HAdVs)can cause acute hepatitis in immunocompromised ***,it is unclear whether HAdVs are contributors to hepatitis in immunocompetent *** this study,the liver function test(LFT)results were retrospectively analyzed among children hospitalized(age2 folds of the upper limit of ALT or AST levels were infected with HAdV-7 or *** higher levels of ALT,AST,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT),and lower albumin levels were observed in the HAdV-7 infection group than in the HAdV-3 infection ***-55 infection led to significantly higherγ-GT,total bilirubin,and direct bilirubin levels than the other infection *** records of four patients with serial monitoring of the LFT results were further *** indicators remained abnormal during the entire hospitalization in these *** results indicate that HAdV infection is often accompanied by abnormal liver function,and HAdV-7 and HAdV-55 might be under-recognized contributors to hepatitis among children.

关键词： Acute respiratory disease Adenovirus Hepatitis Liver enzyme Liver function test

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