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Triple the steady-state reaction rate by decorating the In_(2)O_(3)surface with SiO_(x)for CO_(2)hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 96-105,I0003页

作者： Hao Wang Chun Yang Xiaoyan Yu Mingrui Wang Runze Yang Xiaowa Nie Ben Hang Yin Alex C.K.Yip Chunshan Song Guanghui Zhang Xinwen Guo State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsPSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy ResearchSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina Department of Chemistry the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Paihau-Robinson Research Institute the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyVictoria University of WellingtonWellington 6012New Zealand Department of Chemical and Process Engineering The University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

Indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3)),as a promising candidate for CO_(2)hydrogenation to C_(1) products,often suffers from sintering and activity decline,closely related to the undesirable structural evolution under reaction *** on the comprehension of the dynamic evolution,this study presents an efficient strategy to alleviate the agglomeration of In_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles by the surface decoration with highly dispersed silica species(SiO_(x)).Various structural characterizations combined with density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the sintering resulted from the over-reduction,while the enhanced stability originated from the anchoring effect of highly stable In-OSi bonds,which hinders the substantial formation of metallic In(In^(0))and the subsequent agglomeration.0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)exhibited CO_(2)conversion rate of10.0 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)at steady state vs.3.5 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)on In_(2)O_(3)in CO_(2)*** steady-state activity was also achieved on Pd-modified *** to the traditional Pd/In_(2)O_(3)catalyst,the methanol production rate of Pd catalyst supported on 0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)was enhanced by 23%,showing the potential of In_(2)O_(3)modified by SiO_(x)in serving as a platform *** work provides a promising method to design new In_(2)O_(3)-based catalysts with improved activity and stability in CO_(2)hydrogenation.

关键词： CO_(2)hydrogenation In_(2)O_(3)sintering Dynamic structural evolution Surface SiO_(x)modification DFT simulations

A new Fossil Termite (Isoptera,Stolotermitidae,Stolotermes) from the Early Miocene of Otago,new zealand

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第4期84卷 705-709页

作者： Uwe KAULFUSS Anthony C.HARRIS Daphne E.LEE Department of Geology University of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand Otago Museum PO Box 6202Dunedin 9059New Zealand

The forewing of a termite from Early Miocene lake sediments in Otago, southern new zealand is figured and described. It exhibits the generic characters of the damp-wood termite Stolotermes Hagen, but differs from forewings of the known species in size and venation pattern and is described as Stolotermes kupe sp. nov. S. kupe represents the first confident record of fossil Stolotermitidae and extends the fossil record of the family back to the Early Miocene. It also is the first direct evidence of fossil Isoptera from new zealand, though silicified termite faecal pellets, referable to Kalotermes brauni, have been previously described. S. kupe indicates that Stolotermitidae has been present in the Australasian region since at least the Early Miocene.

关键词： Early Miocene fossil termite Isoptera Stolotermes new species Otago Fouiden Maar Gondwana

Comparative water relations of co-occurring trees in a mixed podocarp-broadleaf forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第1期12卷 163-175页

作者： Julia Kaplick Michael J.Clearwater Cate Macinnis-Ng School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019Auckland 1142New Zealand School of Science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240 New Zealand

Aims As extreme climatic events including droughts and heat waves become more common in a changing climate,tree mortality has increased across the *** order to determine whether certain species have a competitive advantage over others,we explored the water-relations and leaf-gas exchange of four co-occurring spe-cies in a forest in northern Aotearoa-new *** studied the ecologically and culturally significant foundation species,Agathis australis(a conifer),two additional conifers,Phyllocladus tricho-manoides and Podocarpus totara and the angiosperm Knightia *** We measured sap flow,leaf-gas exchange and xylem water poten-tials of leaves and terminal branches with concurrent measures of micrometeorological data on days with very few *** derived whole tree hydraulic conductance and instantaneous water-use efficiency(WUEi)at our remnant forest in west Auckland during February 2015(southern hemisphere summer).Important Findings The four species behaved similarly in their diurnal curves of gas exchange and water *** of assimilation,stomatal con-ductance and WUEi were similar among trees of different *** tree hydraulic conductance was also similar among *** results indicate functional convergence in water relations,possibly driven by low nutrient soils at the *** results suggest that there is no species with a clear adaptive advantage over the others in the context of climate change.

关键词： southern conifers sap flow water potential hydraulic conductance leaf-gas exchange functional convergence

Gradient CNT/PVDF piezoelectric composite with enhanced force-electric coupling for soccer training

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11312-11319页

作者： Wanghong Zeng Weili Deng Tao Yang Shenglong Wang Yue Sun Jieling Zhang Xiarong Ren Long Jin Lihua Tang Weiqing Yang Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Research Institute of Frontier Science Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Real-time monitoring of ball–shoe interactions can provide essential information for high-quality instruction in personalized soccer training,yet existing monitoring systems struggle to reflect specific forces,loci,and durations of ***,we design a self-powered piezoelectric sensor constructed by the gradient carbon nanotube/polyvinylidene fluoride(CNT/PVDF)composite to monitor the interactions between the ball and the ***-dimensional Raman mapping demonstrates the gradient structure of CNT/PVDF prepared by programmable electrospinning combined with a hot *** from the synergistic effect of local polarization caused by the enrichment of CNT and the reduced diffusion of silver patterns in gradient structure,the as-prepared composite exhibits enhanced force-electric coupling with an excellent sensitivity of 80 mV/N and durability over 15,000 *** this basis,we conformally attach a 3×3 sensor array to a soccer shoe,enabling real-time acquisition of kick position and contact force,which could provide quantitative assessment and personalize guidance for the training of soccer *** self-powered piezoelectric sensor network system offers a promising paradigm for wearable monitoring under strong impact forces.

关键词： mechanical and electrical performance pressure sensor carbon nanotube/polyvinylidene fluoride(CNT/PVDF)composite soccer training

Emerging technologies for uranium extraction from seawater

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第12期65卷 2335-2337页

作者： Hui Yang Yanfang Liu Zhongshan Chen Geoffery I.N.Waterhouse Shengqian Ma Xiangke Wang College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China School of Chemical Sciences The University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTexas76201USA

The use of enriched uranium(^(235)U)in nuclear fission reactors allows electricity generation with negligible CO_(2) ***,nuclear energy is expected to play an important role in global efforts to decarbonize the energy sector[1].To meet the energy needs of future societies and achieve zero-emissions targets,more nuclear reactors will be needed,which increases demand for uranium fuel.

关键词： negligible seawater

Micropore-confined Ru nanoclusters catalyst for efficient pHuniversal hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 9073-9080页

作者： Xiaoxiao Huang Ruihu Lu Yaping Cen Dunchao Wang Shao Jin Wenxing Chen Geoffrey I NWaterhouse Ziyun Wang Shubo Tian Xiaoming Sun State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China School of Chemical Sciences The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Pt-based catalysts are used commercially for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),even though the low earth abundance and high cost of platinum hinder scale-up *** metal is a promising alternative catalyst for HER owing to its lower cost but similar metal-hydrogen bond strength to ***,designing an efficient and robust Ru-based electrocatalyst for pHuniversal HER is ***,we successfully synthesized N-doped carbon(NC)supported ruthenium catalysts with different Ru sizes(single-atoms,nanoclusters and nanoparticles),and then systematically evaluated their performance for *** these catalysts,the Ru nanocluster catalyst(Ru NCs/NC)displayed optimal catalytic performance with overpotentials of only 14,30,and 32 mV(at 10 mA·cm^(-2))in 1 M KOH,1 M phosphate buffer saline(PBS),and 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4),*** corresponding mass activities were 32.2,12.1 and 8.1 times higher than those of 20 wt.%Pt/C,and also much better than those of the Ru single-atoms(Ru SAs/NC)and Ru nanoparticle(Ru NPs/NC)catalysts,at an overpotential of 100 mV under alkaline,neutral and acidic conditions,*** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that the outstanding HER performance of the Ru NCs/NC catalyst resulted from a strong interaction between the Ru nanoclusters and the N-doped carbon support,which downshifted the d-band center and thus weakened the*H adsorption ability of Ru sites.

关键词： Ru nanoclusters Ru single atoms Ru nanoparticles hydrogen evolution reaction

Dispersive Shallow Water Wave *** I:Model Derivation on a Globally Flat Space

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Communications in Computational Physics 2018年第1期23卷 1-29页

作者： Gayaz Khakimzyanov Denys Dutykh Zinaida Fedotova Dimitrios Mitsotakis Institute of Computational Technologies Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNovosibirsk 630090Russia LAMA UMR 5127 CNRSUniversitéSavoie Mont BlancCampus Scientifique73376 Le Bourget-du-Lac CedexFrance Victoria University of Wellington School of MathematicsStatistics and Operations ResearchPO Box 600Wellington 6140New Zealand

In this paperwe reviewthe history and current state-of-the-art in modelling of long nonlinear dispersive *** the sake of conciseness of this review we omit the unidirectional models and focus especially on some classical and improved BOUSSINESQ-type and SERRE-GREEN-NAGHDI ***,we propose also a unified modelling framework which incorporates several well-known and some less known dispersive wave *** present manuscript is the first part of a series of two *** second part will be devoted to the numerical discretization of a practically important model on moving adaptive grids.

关键词： Long wave approximation nonlinear dispersive waves shallow water equations solitary waves

Large-scale synthesis of N-doped carbon capsules supporting atomically dispersed iron for efficient oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysis

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eScience 2022年第2期2卷 227-234页

作者： Hui Yang Yanfang Liu Xiaolu Liu Xiangke Wang He Tian Geoffrey I.N.Waterhouse Paul E.Krugere Shane GTelfer Shengqian Ma Department of Chemistry University of North TexasDentonTX76201United States College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206PR China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Center of Electron MicroscopySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027PR China MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Chemical SciencesThe University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Physical and Chemical SciencesUniversity of CanterburyChristchurch8140New Zealand MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology School of Fundamental SciencesMassey UniversityPalmerston North4442New Zealand

The large-scale synthesis of platinum-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)remains a grand *** report the large-scale production of stable and active ORR electrocatalysts based on iron,an earth-abundant element.A core–shell zeolitic imidazolate framework–tannic acid coordination polymer composite(ZIF-8@K-TA)was utilized as the catalyst precursor,which was transformed into iron atoms dispersed in hollow porous nitrogen-doped carbon capsules(H-Fe-N_(x)-C)through ion exchange and pyrolysis.H-Fe-N_(x)-C fea-tures site-isolated single-atom iron centers coordinated to nitrogen in graphitic layers,high levels of nitrogen doping,and high permeability to incoming *** from these characteristics,H-Fe-N_(x)-C demonstrated efficient electrocatalytic activity(E_(1/2)=0.92 V,***)and stability towards the ORR in both alkaline and acidic *** ORR performance,it surpassed the majority of recently reported Fe-N-C catalysts and the standard Pt/C *** addition,H-Fe-N_(x)-C showed outstanding tolerance to methanol.

关键词： Metal single atoms Hollow carbon capsules Oxygen reduction reaction Metal–organic framework Electrocatalysis

Tailoring the microenvironment in Fe–N–C electrocatalysts for optimal oxygen reduction reaction performance

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Science Bulletin 2022年第12期67卷 1264-1273,M0004页

作者： Qing Wang Ruihu Lu Yuqi Yang Xuanze Li Guangbo Chen Lu Shang Lishan Peng Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse Bruce C.C.Cowie Xiangmin Meng Yan Zhao Tierui Zhang Geoffrey I.N.Waterhouse School of Chemical Sciences The University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China iHuman Institute ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Australian Synchrotron 800 Blackburn Rd.ClaytonVictoria 3168Australia

Fe-N-C electrocatalysts,comprising FeN_(4) single atom sites immobilized on N-doped carbon supports,offer excellent activity in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),especially in alkaline ***,we report a simple synthetic strategy for improving the accessibility of FeN_(4) sites during ORR and simultaneously fine-tuning the microenvironment of FeN_(4) sites,thus enhancing the ORR *** approach involved a simple one-step pyrolysis of a Fe-containing zeolitic imidazolate framework in the presence of NaCl,yielding a hierarchically porous Fe-N-C electrocatalyst containing tailored FeN_(4) sites with slightly elongated Fe-N bond distances and reduced Fe *** porous carbon structure improved mass transport during ORR,whilst the microenvironment optimized FeN_(4) sites benefitted the adsorption/desorption of ORR ***,the developed electrocatalyst,possessing a high FeN_(4) site density(9.9×10^(19) sites g^(-1))and turnover frequency(2.26 s^(-1)),delivered remarkable ORR performance with a low overpotential(a half-wave potential of 0.90 V *** hydrogen electrode)in 0.1 mol L^(-1) KOH.

关键词： Fe-N-C Microenvironment Optimized FeN_4 site Oxygen reduction reaction Zinc-air battery